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Mạch điện hay
Mạch điện hay
Hot ng ca mch:
IC1A khuch i 100 ln tn hiu audio thu bi micro v a n IC1B hot ng nh l b pht hin in p nh. nh u ra
ca n ng b vi nh ca tn hiu u vo v xung clok ca IC2, b m thp phn c kh nng iu khin 10 led. (Xem
hng dn thm v IC 4017)
Mch b sung cho php iu khin 10 bn khc nhau,mi bn gm ti a 5 led c cp ngun 9v.N bao gm 2 transistor Q1,
Q2 cp ngun dng 10 mA cho tt c led,transistor bt tt Q3,iu khin cho 2 n 5 led mc ni tip. (Xem thm S dng n
LED)
S mch
Cc linh kin cn dng
R1_____________10K 1/4W
R2,R3__________47K 1/4W
R4______________1K 1/4W
R5,R6,R7______100K 1/4W
R8____________820R 1/4W
C1,C3_________100nF 63V T gm hoc t polyeste
C2_____________10F 50V T ha
C4____________330nF 63V T polyeste
C5____________100F 25V T ha
D1___________1N4148 75V 150mA Diode
D2-D11_________5 hoc 3mm. LEDs
IC1___________LM358
IC2____________4017
M1_____________micro electret c nh
SW1____________Switch c nh
B1_______________Pin 9v(loi pin vung)
Mch b sung
R9,R10_________10K 1/4W
R11____________56R 1/4W
D12,D13 etc.____led loi 5mm hoc 3mm.
Q1,Q2_________BC327 45V 800mA PNP Transistors
Q3____________BC337 45V 800mA NPN Transistor
Ch :
nhy ca mch c th iu chnh bng cch thay i gi tr R4,cc bn nn thay R4 bng mt bin tr tng
ng
Nu cc bn s dng ngun adapter,c th s dng ngun 12v,khi c th dng n 6 led cho mi bn ph,hoc
dng ngun 15v cp ngun cho 7 led trn mi bn ph.(tm li l ngun cp cng cao th c th thm nhiu led trn mi bn
ph).
Mch nguyn l
Nu ci ti bt ng b git cp, nam chm s bung ra khi cng tc. V SW1 c m, mch bt u lm vic, loa bt u
pht ra ting bo ng.
Thit b ny c th gn kiu khc, vd nh ci hp c th t trong bp v si dy gn vo ti xch.
Thit b ny cng rt hu ch bo hiu ca m: gn hp ng thit b vo khung ca v nam chm gn vo phn di chuyn
ca cnh ca, hy ch rng nam chm v cng tc t cnh nhau khi ca ng.
Mch hot ng nh th no?
Cp Transistor gn nh vy tng dao ng, s trc tip li ti (loa bo ng). Mch t linh kin v s dng ngun pin 3V lm
cho cu trc mch rt nh gn.
Lu :
- Loa ca bn ty chn, nhng bn hy chn kch thc va gn trong hp bo ng.
- Cng tc c th khng cn thit, bi v dng in trng thi ch nh hn 20uA
- Dng tiu th ti l 100mA
- Khng c thay ngun vt qu 4.5V: mch s khng chy v Q2 s b hng y. Trong hu ht cc trng hp th 3V l tt
nht.
Xc xc in t
Nguyn l hot ng:
Xung clock t IC 555 c kch cho IC 4017. IC 4017 c 10 ng m ra, nhng ng m ra th 6 (chn s 5) c ni vi chn
reset (chn 15) nn gii hn 6 mc m cho mch, t 0->5.
S nguyn l
7 led c iu khin bng 4 transitor v 6 diode, tng ng vi 4 nhm tn hiu n. Diode s c tc dng chng hin tng
ngn mch i vi nhng transistor no hot ng t nhiu ng ra ca 4017. Chn s 13 ca 4017 ni vi 1 nt nhn n
ngun m c tc dng dng m khi nhn nt. Nh vy l xc xc c thy xong.
Hnh minh ha
Xc xc in t
K hiu
ch bn ni dy ln ngun.
Transistor: BC109
Khc: nt nhn