ADC Practical Exam Handbook

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Practical Examination Handbook 2014

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Copyright 2012
Updated 6 March 2014

This work is copyright 2012. Copyright is
held by the Australian Dental Council Ltd.

It may not be reproduced for commercial
use or sale. Reproduction requires a licence
or written permission which may be obtained
from:

Australian Dental Council Ltd
Po Box 13278
Law Courts Victoria 8010
Australia

Tel +61 (0) 3 9657 1777
www.adc.org.au

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Australian Dental Council

Contents
PAGE

CONTENTS ............................................................................................................. 3
INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 5
VENUE ALLOCATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS ............................................... 5
REGISTRATION AND OTHER DENTAL BOARD OF AUSTRALIA
REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................................. 6
CANDIDATE CONTACT INFORMATION ........................................................... 6
WITHDRAWING FROM AN EXAMINATION ...................................................... 6
CONTENT AND FORMAT .................................................................................... 7
EXAMINATION SCHEDULE ................................................................................ 7
EXAMINATION REGISTRATION ......................................................................... 8
EQUIPMENT, INSTRUMENTS AND SUPPLIES .................................................... 8
EXAMINATION INSTRUCTIONS ......................................................................... 9
EXAMINATION CONDUCT POLICY ................................................................. 11
TIME EXTENSION POLICY................................................................................ 12
ADVERSE INCIDENT POLICY .......................................................................... 12
ASSESSMENT TASKS ....................................................................................... 13
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA .................................................................................... 14
Grade Derivation Grid ........................................................................................................ 14
Final Result Grade Derivation Grid (12 requirements) ................................................... 14
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA .................................................................................... 15
Class II Amalgam Cavity Preparation ............................................................................... 15
Class III Composite Cavity Preparation ........................................................................... 16
Full Metal Crown Preparation............................................................................................ 17
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Metal-ceramic Crown Preparation .................................................................................... 18
Endodontic Access Preparation ....................................................................................... 19
Provisional Crown Restoration ......................................................................................... 20
Class II Composite Resin Restoration ............................................................................. 21
Class IV Composite Resin Restoration ............................................................................ 22
Class II Amalgam Restoration........................................................................................... 23
Radiographic exercise ....................................................................................................... 24
Rubber Dam Application ................................................................................................... 25
Record of Procedures ........................................................................................................ 26
Infection Control ................................................................................................................. 27
Clinical Communication .................................................................................................... 29
RESULTS.............................................................................................................. 30
VERIFICATION, REVIEW AND APPEAL ............................................................. 30
REPEATS ............................................................................................................. 30

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Introduction
This information has been prepared for candidates of the Australian Dental Council (ADC)
Practical Examination. The information booklet should be used in conjunction with the
information on the ADC website.
Under the provisions of the Health Practitioner Regulation National Law Act 2009 the
Australian Dental Council (ADC) has been assigned the accreditation functions for the
Dental Board of Australia. One of the key accreditation functions is the assessment of the
knowledge, judgement, clinical skills and professional attributes of overseas qualified
dentists who are seeking registration with the Dental Board of Australia to practise in
Australia and whose qualifications are not otherwise approved for registration.
ADC is the national assessment authority by the Department of Immigration And Citizenship
to assess professional skills for migration purposes.
The ADC assessment and examination procedure consists of the following steps:
1. Initial Assessment of Professional Qualifications in Dentistry

2. Written Examination

3. Practical Examination

The format of the ADC examination process has been approved for the purposes of
registration in Australia. The ADC cannot vary the format of the examination, or grant
exemptions from the requirements of the examinations.

Venue Allocations and Requirements
The Practical Examination is held over two days at various venues in Australia. They are
held twice per year, in June and November. To be eligible to sit the Practical Examination,
candidates must have a valid and current English language test results at the required level
and have passed the Written Examination within the three years prior to the examination
closing date.
Candidates can apply to sit either the June or the November Practical Examination.
Candidates will select the venue that they wish to sit the examination using the online portal
on the ADC website (www.adc.org.au), and then must submit an application form and
the relevant examination fee before the venue booking is confirmed.
After successful submission of an application form, candidates will receive confirmation of
their allocation to the examination, and also receive an information pack relevant to their
particular venue. The venues in which the ADC examinations are held are usually clinics
within dental hospitals or university dental schools. Each venue has its own requirements
that must be met by ADC candidates.

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Registration and other Dental Board of Australia Requirements
Previously, the Dental Board of Australia (DBA) required all candidates to be registered in
order to undertake an ADC Practical Examination. Since the examination no longer involves
the treatment of patients, this is no longer a requirement for candidates. Similarly,
candidates are no longer required to provide evidence of immune status but will be
required to have ascertained this before being registered.

The ADC and the DBA will share candidate information where it is necessary for the proper
functioning of the examination. This may include: candidate contact details, names of
candidates listed for particular examination sessions, information relating to professional
indemnity insurance, names of candidates with limited registration for examination
purposes.

Following the examinations, the ADC provides the DBA with the name and details of
candidates who have successfully completed the Practical Examination and been awarded
the ADC Certificate (General Dentist).
Candidate Contact Information
Candidates must notify the ADC of any change in mailing address immediately in writing.
Information may not be reissued to candidates who fail to advise the ADC or employ a
suitable mail redirection service from their previous address.
Timetables and urgent information may be communicated to you via your nominated email
address. Please ensure the email address you provide is reliable and checked regularly.
Candidates who use free webmail services (Gmail, Yahoo, Hotmail, etc) should properly
maintain their mailboxes. The ADC will not accept responsibility for non-receipt of correctly
addressed emails.
Withdrawing from an Examination
Candidates withdrawing from an examination should contact the ADC in writing. An
intention to withdraw can be sent by email if the date of the examination is imminent and a
withdrawal letter, together with any supporting documentation, has been posted to the ADC.
Withdrawal notification will not be accepted by telephone.
The ADCs response will be made to the candidate in writing.
Candidates will forfeit 20% of their examination fees if their withdrawal from an examination
is received before the closing date for that examination series.
Those candidates whose withdrawal is received after the closing date for the examination
series will forfeit 50% of their examination fees.
Candidates who withdraw within four weeks of the examination date will forfeit the whole
fee unless their withdrawal is due to acceptable medical grounds, supported by a medical
certificate in which case they forfeit 40% of the fee.
Failure to undertake the examination because of an inability to obtain necessary visas or to
arrange travel, etc will be considered a withdrawal and fees will be forfeited.
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Content and Format
During the two day Practical Examination, participants will be evaluated on their
performance of dental procedures on simulated patients (manikins) in a clinical setting.
Each day participants will be issued a:
1. Typodont model mounted in a manikin on a dental chair. The typodont will be
labelled with the participants ID number.
2. Selected teeth for practice preparations.
3. Detailed list of required procedures for that day specifying tooth numbers and
surfaces.
4. Scheduled time to perform the Rubber Dam, Communication and/or Radiology
tasks.

Examination Schedule
The following is an indicative schedule for the Practical Examination. More detailed
information will be provided to candidates who enrol for the examination.
TRANSITIONAL WRITTEN EXAM (Friday before the Practical Examination)
For those candidates who have passed the Written (Preliminary) Examination prior to
2014.
Validation of registration 8:30 a.m. - 9:00 a.m.
Transitional exam 10:00 a.m. - 12:00 noon

ORIENTATION (Friday before the Saturday examinations commence)
Orientation lecture 2:00 p.m. 3:00 p.m.
Hand-in sterilised instruments 3:00 p.m. - 4:00 p.m.

DAY 1
Orientation and instructions 8:00 a.m. - 8:30 a.m.
Set up 8:30 a.m. - 9:00 a.m.
Clinical procedures on simulated patients 9:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.

DAY 2
Set up 8:30 a.m. 9:00 a.m.
Clinical procedures on simulated patients 9:00 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.
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Examination Registration
During the validation of registration participants will be issued an Identification (ID) badge.
To receive the ID badge, participants will be required to show current government photo
identification (i.e. a current passport or drivers licence) for comparison to the ID badge.
The participants name on the government photo identification must match the name used
by the participant to register with the ADC for the Practical Examination. Participants who
do not provide government photo identification will not be admitted into the examination.
Participants must have their ID badge visible at all times and must submit them as directed
at the end of the Assessment. Participants who fail to submit their ID badge may receive a
fail grade for all requirements in the Assessment.

Equipment, Instruments and Supplies
Standard equipment and materials will be provided for these exercises, however
candidates may supply their own items of appropriate equipment if they prefer. If
candidates supply their own instruments, they will not be permitted to also use venue
instruments.
As the examinations are being conducted in a clinical facility, candidates must ensure that
all instruments and hand-pieces that they supply for the examination are appropriately
sterilised. This means they must be in intact bags/pouches with the appropriate colour
change indicator showing that they have been sterilised. Candidates will be required to
hand their instruments in to the venue staff on the Friday before the examination to check
that instruments have been sterilised. Any loose instruments, damaged bags/pouches or
other evidence that instruments are not sterile will mean that these instruments are not
permitted to be used in the examination venue, and candidates will be required to use
venue instruments.
Information regarding hand-piece configuration (connectors) at each centre will be
forwarded to participants prior to the Assessment. Candidates are personally responsible
for any damage to the fittings and couplings that occur as a result of providing and
attempting to use poorly fitting attachments and candidates will be liable to meet all
associated repair costs.
Please note that dental burs will not be provided. Candidates are required to bring all
relevant burs to the exam.
The dental clinic at the Assessment Centre will NOT be accessible prior to the
Assessment.

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Examination Instructions
1. At the beginning of each day, the list of tasks for the day will be distributed. There
will be three timetabled assessment tasks Rubber Dam, Radiographs and
Communication. Candidates will be allocated 30 minutes for the Rubber Dam task
on one day, and will be allocated 15 minutes each for the Radiograph task and the
Communication task on the other day. Candidates may perform the other
requirements for the day in any order.
2. Participants are not permitted to remove teeth from typodonts, nor are they permitted
to remove typodonts from the manikins.
3. If there are problems with any of the teeth, typodonts or manikins, candidates should
bring this to the attention of the examination convenor to rectify if necessary.
If a candidate experiences an adverse incident during the examination, it is their
responsibility to bring it to the attention of one of the invigilators immediately. The
invigilator can then complete an Adverse Incident form. The ADC will not be able to
take into consideration any adverse incidents that are reported to the ADC after the
examination.
4. Participants are not permitted to have extra typodont teeth in the Assessment area.
5. Participants must wear eye protection, masks and gloves whilst undertaking any
simulated clinical activity.
6. Participants may use magnification aids and may take breaks whenever needed.
7. Participants who start or complete a procedure other than an identified requirement
on an identified tooth or practice tooth will receive a fail grade for that requirement.
8. Participants are responsible for their own instruments and supplies. The ADC and
the Assessment Centre will not be held responsible for instruments or personal
supplies left unattended.
9. Participants are financially responsible for any damage caused to any supplied
equipment.
10. During the Assessment, participants must demonstrate competency in performing
procedures in a clinical environment. Although there are no criteria for evaluating
the posture of a participant, procedures must be performed in anatomically
acceptable positions. Invigilators will direct participants to correct unacceptable
positions. Any participant who continues to work with the manikin in an
unacceptable position may be dismissed from the Assessment. Examples of
unacceptable positions include:
the manikins head positioned so that a patient would be uncomfortable
the manikins neck extended so that a patient would be uncomfortable
the participant inappropriately leaning on or contacting the patients torso or
head.

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11. The typodont models used for the restorative exercises are 860 models from
Columbia Dentoform. A variety of teeth may be used, some of which are plain
Ivorine, and others with simulated enamel/dentine. Some of the simulated
enamel/dentine teeth may also have simulated caries.
Plain Ivorine: These teeth are of uniform colour and consistency.
Simulated enamel: The simulated enamel is white in colour and is made of
composite resin that is harder than the simulated dentine and simulated
caries. The teeth have been manufactured so that procedures may be performed
using normal pressure with a dental bur and, if desired, finishing can be done
using normal pressure with sharp hand instruments.
Simulated dentine: The simulated dentine is yellow in colour and is softer than
the simulated enamel
Simulated caries: Currently we are using two forms of teeth that have simulated
caries present. Some have simulated caries placed by the manufacturers and
some are pre-prepared and filled with Cavit to simulate caries. For those
enamel/dentine teeth with simulated caries the manufacturing process ensures
that the caries depth is standardized for each tooth used. The simulated caries in
dentine is grey in colour and is softer than the simulated enamel but of similar
hardness to the simulated dentine. In anterior teeth, there is also a cavitation
(hole) in the simulated enamel on the adjacent proximal surface(s). This
cavitation extends through the simulated enamel into the simulated dentine and
must be included as part of the preparation.
Simulated pulp chamber and canals: The simulated dental pulp chamber and
canals are hollow spaces lined with red colouring.
The manufacturing process for teeth with simulated caries ensures that caries
depth is standardized for each tooth used as part of the Assessment. As a result
of the manufacturing process, there may be a small cement-filled space between
the simulated enamel and the simulated dentin which may appear grey in colour.
This is not simulated caries.
Please Note: The use of metal hand instruments in cavity preparations will leave
a grey stain.

12. The FDI two digit tooth numbering system (below) is used for all Assessments.

FDI NUMBERING SYSTEM

PERMANENT DENTITION

18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38
RIGHT LEFT

PRIMARY DENTITION

RIGHT LEFT

55 54 53 52 51 61 62 63 64 65
85 84 83 82 81 71 72 73 74 75
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Examination Conduct Policy
Candidates will be required to sign and return a statement indicating that they have read
and understood the following Examination Conduct Policy, and agree to abide by the
following conditions of the examination:
1. Participants must be punctual for both days of the examination. Participants
arriving late for an examination WILL NOT be given any extra time to complete
the examination.
2. The dental clinic at the Examination Centre WILL NOT be accessible prior to
the examination.
3. Space at the Examination Centre is provided ONLY for participants. Family
and friends will not be admitted.
4. Standard equipment and materials will be provided for the examination
exercises, however candidates may supply their own items of appropriate
equipment if they prefer. Candidates who wish to supply their own equipment
MUST check with the allocated examination venue prior to commencement of
the examination regarding the venues requirements.
5. Information regarding hand-piece configuration (connectors) at each centre will
be forwarded to participants prior to the examination. Candidates must ensure
that any personal hand-pieces that they intend to use in the examination are
compatible with the couplings at the Examination Centre.
6. Candidates are personally responsible for any damage to the fittings and
couplings that may occur as a result of providing and attempting to use poorly
fitting attachments and candidates will be liable to meet all associated repair
costs.
7. Please note that dental burs will not be provided. Candidates are required to
bring all necessary burs to the examination.
8. At the beginning of each day, the list of tasks to be completed for the day will
be distributed. The application of the rubber dam, communication and the
radiography exercises will be timetabled for each individual candidate.
Participants may perform the remaining requirements for the day in any order.
9. Food and/or drink (including water) are not allowed in the examination room
unless special consideration for medical reasons has been granted by the ADC
office. A written request to the ADC office must include a medical certificate
signed by a doctor indicating the accommodation measures required.
10. Candidates MUST NOT bring any electronic devices (including but not limited
to mobile phones, personal computers and tablet devices, cameras and other
recording devices) into the examination room.
11. Candidates are not permitted to remove teeth from typodonts, nor are they
permitted to remove typodonts from the manikins.
12. Candidates are not permitted to have extra typodont teeth in the examination
area.
13. Candidates must wear eye protection, masks and gloves as if they were
treating patients (not using simulation).
14. Candidates must manage excess amalgam appropriately and ensure that their
work areas are left clean.
15. Candidates may use magnification aids and may take breaks whenever
needed.
16. Candidates who start or complete a procedure other than an identified
requirement on an identified tooth or practice tooth will receive a fail grade for
that task.
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17. Candidates are financially responsible for any damage caused to any supplied
equipment.
18. The ability of participants to read, interpret and comply with instructions and
other written material is part of the examination. Examination supervisors and
invigilators will not answer questions involving content.
19. Participants must stop working and leave the examination room at the
indicated ending time. Participants who refuse to leave the examination room
at the indicated ending time will be given a fail grade for all requirements that
day.
20. Participants who do not abide by the above Regulations will be given a fail
grade for all requirements that day.
21. A participant who considers themself disadvantaged by an adverse event
beyond the participants control, occurring either immediately before or during
the examination must inform the supervisor or invigilator immediately and may
ask that the ADC void the results of the examination. Post examination advice
of an adverse event will not be accepted.
22. I have received and read the ADC Practical Examination Handbook

Time Extension Policy
If a candidate experiences problems with equipment, it is acceptable for them to ask a
member of staff for assistance. If there is a problem with equipment that the ADC or
Examination Venue has provided, and the candidate loses more than 15 minutes of
assessment time, they can ask to complete a Time Extension form to request an
extension. It is important to note that the examination already has an extra 30 minutes of
time built-in to the Assessment, and generally delays of less than 30 minutes will not be
granted a time extension.
Candidates may be moved to another bay in order to solve problems with non-functioning
equipment.
Candidates will not be granted a time extension for problems that arise with equipment
that they have supplied for the examination.

Adverse Incident Policy
If a candidate experiences an adverse incident during the examination, it is their
responsibility to bring it to the attention of one of the invigilators immediately. The
invigilator can then complete an Adverse Incident form. The ADC will not be able to take
into consideration any adverse incidents that are reported to the ADC after the
examination.

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Assessment Tasks
Participants will be required to perform 12 tasks from the following list. The tasks will be
set for each examination by the ADC.

1. Class II amalgam preparation.
2. Class III composite resin preparation.
3. Full metal crown preparation.
4. Metal-ceramic (porcelain fused to metal) crown preparation.
5. Endodontic access preparation on a molar tooth. Teeth with simulated enamel,
dentine and pulp will be provided for the Endodontic Access Preparation
6. Fabricate a provisional crown restoration for a pre-prepared* metal-ceramic
(porcelain fused to metal) crown preparation on Day 2 of the Assessment. The
original unprepared tooth will be in the typodont used on Day 1 of the
Assessment.
7. Restore a pre-prepared* tooth with a direct Class II composite resin
restoration.
8. Restore a pre-prepared* tooth with a direct Class IV composite resin
restoration.
9. Restore a pre-prepared* tooth with a Class II amalgam restoration.
10. Taking nominated radiographs a manikin. Candidates will also be evaluated on
patient communication skills relating to a defined clinical situation.
11. Apply a rubber dam.
12. Record keeping.
13. Clinical communication
14. Infection control and material hygiene.

* A pre-prepared tooth is supplied for those tasks requiring restorations.
The evaluation of the rubber dam task and infection control is attended
to on-site.
The evaluation of the other tasks from all examination facilities is

attended at a central site after the examination.

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Assessment Criteria
Participants will receive a score for each task as determined by using the evaluation
criteria for the requirement and the Grade Derivation Grid. The final result for each
participant will be determined using the Final Result Grade Derivation Grid.

Grade Derivation Grid
Each assessment task is evaluated in one (1) or three (3) criteria categories.
The components within each category are assessed, and the category receives the lowest
grade allocated within that category.
1. Tasks with one criterion category (Infection Control, Record Keeping,
Rubber Dam)
The grade assigned for these requirements will be determined as described in
the evaluation criteria.
2. Tasks with three criteria categories
The grade assigned for these requirements will be determined by the grades
assigned in the criteria categories.

Overall Grade Criteria
A 2 A

and no C or D is assigned in any criteria category.
B
No more than 1 C and no D is assigned in any criteria
category.
C 2 CS and no D are assigned in any criteria category.
D 1 D assigned in any criteria category.

Final Result Grade Derivation Grid (12 requirements)
In order to be successful in the Practical Examination, a participant must obtain:
9 or more A / B grades and no more than 1 D grade
OR
8 or more A / B grades and no D grades

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Assessment Criteria
Class II Amalgam Cavity Preparation
Criteria describe an ideal preparation for a tooth with minimal caries. Evaluation will consider the extent of caries present.
Score External Outline Form Internal Form Finish
A - Proximal and/or gingival margins clear adjacent teeth 0.5mm
or less
- Gingival margin supra-gingival
- Optimal buccal-lingual width based on location and extent of
caries present
- No damage to adjacent teeth, Assessment tooth beyond
preparation or gingiva

- Optimal resistance and retention
form based on location and extent of
caries present with no unnecessary
removal of internal tooth structure
- Gingival and occlusal floors parallel
to occlusal plane
- All internal line angles rounded

- Smooth cavo-surface
margins
- All unsupported enamel
removed
- No debris or caries
(infected dentin)

B - Adjacent tooth cleared 0.5 - 1.0mm
- Minor overextension
- Minor damage to adjacent tooth corrected by enameloplasty
- Minor damage to assessment tooth beyond preparation
margin corrected by enameloplasty

- Minor over-preparation occlusally
- Minor over-preparation axially

- Small area of roughness

C - Proximal margin not cleared
- Proximal margin cleared 1.0 - 1.5mm
- Proximal wall flared
- Gingival margin at gingiva
- Significant under-extension
- Unacceptable buccal-lingual width
- Minor damage to adjacent tooth correctable by enameloplasty
margin correctable by enameloplasty
- Minor damage to gingiva

- Pulpal floor too deep: 2.5 - 3.0mm
- Pulpal floor too shallow 1.0 -
1.5mm
- Axial wall too deep 1.5 - 3.0mm
- Axial wall too shallow: < 0.5mm
- Unnecessary removal of tooth
structure
- Divergent walls
- Sharp line angle
- Undefined line angle

- Unacceptable roughness
- Unacceptable
unsupported enamel
- Presence of debris
D - Proximal margin cleared > 1.5mm
- Gingival margin sub-gingival
- Significant overextension
- Major damage to adjacent tooth requiring restoration
- Major damage to assessment tooth beyond preparation
margin requiring restoration
- Major damage to gingiva
- Pulpal floor too deep > 3.0mm
- Pulpal floor too shallow < 1.0mm
- Axial wall too deep > 3.0mm
- Excessive over-preparation.
Alternate design or RCT required

- Gross roughness
- Grossly unsupported
enamel
- Caries remaining on axial
or pulpal
- Caries remaining at
dentinoenamel junction

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Class III Composite Cavity Preparation
Criteria describe an ideal preparation for a tooth with minimal caries. Evaluation will consider the extent of caries present.
A - Optimal extension based on location and extent of caries
present
- Gingival margin supra-gingival
- No damage to adjacent teeth, Assessment tooth beyond
preparation or gingiva

- Optimal resistance and retention form
based on extent of caries present with
no unnecessary removal of tooth
structure
- All internal line angles rounded

- Smooth cavosurface
margin
- No debris or caries
(infected dentin)
B - Minor over-preparation
- Minor damage to adjacent tooth corrected by enameloplasty

- Minor over-preparation

- Minor roughness
C - Under-extended < 0.5mm
- Over-extended < 0.5mm
- Gingival margin at gingiva
- Minor damage to adjacent tooth correctable by
enameloplasty

- Inadequate resistance and retention
form
- Too deep > 2.0 but < 3.0mm
- Unnecessary removal of internal tooth
structure
- Sharp line angles

D - Overextended > 0.5mm
- Cavitation not included
- Gingival margin sub-gingival
- Major damage to assessment tooth beyond preparation

- Unacceptable resistance and retention
form
- Too deep > 3.0mm
- Excessive over-preparation.
- Alternate design or RCT required
- Caries remaining on axial
or pulpal
- Caries remaining at
dentinoenamel junction

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Full Metal Crown Preparation
Appropriateness of occlusal clearance will be measured from the spatial relationship with the proximal teeth
Score Path of Draw and Axial
Convergence
Preservation of Tooth Vitality & Structural
Durability
Finish and Margin
A - Optimal path of insertion
- No undercuts
- Axial convergence 6 - 10
- Optimal preparation has been performed to permit
fabrication of a functional restoration
- Preparation is smooth and has no sharp areas
- No damage to adjacent teeth
- Reduction - Axial 0.5 - 1.0mm
- Occlusal 1.5mm
- Margin optimally placed, defined and
identifiable
- Margin smooth, continuous and has no
steps
- Margin width 0.5mm
- Positioned 0.5mm supra-gingival
- No debris
- No damage to gingiva

B -Minor undercuts. Manageable
by lab.

- Reduction
- Axial 1.0 - 1.5mm
- Occlusal 1.0 2.0mm
- Minor damage to adjacent tooth corrected by
enameloplasty

- Located supra-gingival 0 - 1.0mm
- Located sub-gingival < 0.5mm
C - Will not draw. Modification
required.
- Will not draw. Adjacent tooth
requires modification.
- Reduction
- Axial < 0.5mm
- Occlusal 0.5 1.0mm or 2.0 to < 3.0mm
- Sharp cusps
- Sharp line angles
enameloplasty

- Indistinct, discontinuous or rough
- Located supra-gingival 1.0 to < 2.0mm
- Located sub-gingival 0.5 to < 1.0mm
- Incorrect form
- Unsupported enamel (lipping)
D - Will not draw. Major
modification required.
requires major modification.
- Axial convergence >25
- Reduction
- Axial - no preparation or > 1.5mm
- Occlusal < 0.5 or > 3.0mm
- Pulp exposure
- Alternative preparation or RCT needed

- Grossly indistinct, discontinuous or rough
- No discernible margin
- Located supra-gingival > 2.0mm
- Located sub-gingival > 1.0mm
- Grossly unsupported enamel (lipping)

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Metal-ceramic Crown Preparation
Appropriateness of occlusal clearance will be measured from the spatial relationship with the proximal teeth
Score Path of Draw and Axial
Convergence
Preservation of Tooth Vitality & Structural
Durability
Finish & Margin
A

- Optimal path of insertion
- No undercuts
- Optimal preparation has been performed to permit
the fabrication of an esthetic and functional restoration
- Preparation is smooth and has no sharp areas
- No damage to adjacent teeth
- Reduction: Buccal, mesial, distal 1.2mm
Lingual 0.5mm
Incisal/occlusal 2.0mm

- Margin is optimally placed, formed and
identifiable
- Margin is smooth, continuous and has no
steps
- Width of margin:
Buccal 1.2mm - 1.5mm
Lingual 0.5mm
- Margin positioned 0.5mm supra-gingival
- No debris
- No damage to gingiva

B - Minor undercuts.
Manageable by lab
- Axial convergence 10-20

- Reduction: Buccal, mesial, distal 1.2 - 1.5mm
Lingual 0.3 1.0mm
Incisal/occlusal 2.1 2.5mm
enameloplasty

- Located supra-gingival 0 - 1.0mm
- Located sub-gingival < 0.5mm
C - Will not draw. Modification
required
needs modification
- Reduction: Buccal, mesial, distal 0.5 - 1.1mm
or 1.5 - 2.5mm
Lingual < 0.3 or 1.0mm 1.5mm
Incisal/occlusal 1.0 2.0mm
or 2.5 3.0mm
- Sharp cusps
- Sharp line angles
enameloplasty

- Indistinct, discontinuous or rough
- Incorrect form
- Unsupported enamel (lipping)
- Located supra-gingival 1.0 2.0mm
- Located sub-gingival 0.5-1.0mm
D - Will not draw. Major
modification of tooth required
requires major modification
- Axial convergence > 25
- Reduction: Buccal, mesial, distal < 0.5 or > 2.5mm
Lingual - no preparation or >1.5mm
Incisal/occlusal < 1.0 or > 3.0mm
- Major damage to adjacent teeth requiring restoration
- Pulp exposure
- Alternate preparation or RCT needed
- Grossly indistinct, discontinuous or rough
- No discernible margin
- Grossly unsupported enamel (lipping)
- Located supra-gingival > 2.0mm
- Located sub-gingival > 1.0mm
- Major damage to gingival

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Endodontic Access Preparation

A - Optimal extension to obtain
straight line access to all canals
- Optimal removal of any
unsupported structures
- No over extension
- Adequate extension to permit
removal of pulp horns

- Optimal internal tooth structure removed to
allow straight line access to canals
- Canals accessed to at least a depth of 2.0mm
- Optimally tapered access preparation walls

- Optimal smoothness of walls and
cavosurface
- No pulp material left on walls of chamber
- No debris
B - Slightly under-extended <
1.0mm
- Slightly overextended < 1.0mm
- Slightly excessive removal of internal tooth
structure
- Slightly over-tapered

- Adequate smoothness
- Minor pulp material present on walls of
chamber
- Minor debris present

C - Obstructed access to canals
- Significantly over extended 1.0
-2.0mm

- Excessive removal of internal tooth structure
- Canal not accessed to depth of 2.0mm
- Inadequate taper
- Gouging of tooth walls
- Marginal ridge undermined

- Inadequate smoothness
- Significant pulp material present on walls of
chamber
- Unacceptable debris present
D - Chamber not accessed
- Canal not accessed
- Excessively overextended
> 2.0mm
- Grossly excessive removal of internal tooth
structure
- Reverse taper
- Excessive gouging of walls
- Perforation
- Separated instrument in canal

- Excessive roughness
- Excessive pulp material present on walls of
chamber
- Debris obscuring chamber or canals

- 20 -

Provisional Crown Restoration

Score Margin Contour and
Adaptation
Morphology and Occlusion Polish
A - Margin not over/under extended
- Margin not over/under contoured
- No excess material in/on soft
tissue
- No excess material on hard tissue
- Preparation margin intact

- Optimal contour for gingival health, esthetics and
durability
- Optimal interproximal contacts
- Optimal occlusal contact
- Restoration can be removed

- Optimal polish
- No roughness or porosities
- Restoration material is hard setting,
tooth coloured plastic resin
B - Over-extended < 0.5mm
- Under-extended < 0.5mm
- Over-contoured < 0.5mm
- Under-contoured < 0.5mm

- Slightly over-contoured
- Slightly under-contoured
- Slight infra-occlusion

- Adequate polish
C - Over-extended 0.5 - 1.0mm
- Under-extended 0.5 - 1.0mm
- Over-contoured 0.5 - 1.0mm
- Under-contoured 0.5 - 1.0mm
- Excess material in/ on soft tissue
- Excess material on hard tissue
- Damage to tooth margin

- Over-contoured
- Under-contoured
- Proximal contact too light
- Proximal contact too occlusal
- Proximal contact too gingival
- Proximal contact too tight
- No proximal contact < 0.5mm open
- Supra-occlusion <1.0mm
- Infra-occlusion <1.0mm

- Porosities

D - Over-extended > 1.0mm
- Under-extended > 1.0mm
- Over-contoured > 1.0mm
- Under-contoured > 1.0mm
- Gross amount of excessive
material in/on soft tissue
- Gross amount of excessive
material on hard tissue
- Needs major revision or new
provisional

- Significantly over contoured
- Significantly under-contoured
- No proximal contact > 0.5mm open
- Broken or cracked restoration
- Restoration cannot be removed
- Supra-occlusion > 1.0mm
- Infra-occlusion > 1.0mm
- Gross roughness
- Gross porosity
- Inappropriate restorative material

- 21 -

Class II Composite Resin Restoration
These criteria do not include shade matching, which is NOT part of the evaluation.
Score Restoration Quality and Polish

Margin Contours and Function
A - Uniform smoothness
- Uniform polish matching tooth
surface
- No contamination of resin (no stain or
inclusions)

- Junction of tooth/ restoration not detectable
or slightly detectable with explorer
- No excess resin past preparation margin
- No damage to adjacent teeth, assessment
tooth or gingiva
-Physiologic tooth contours of occlusal and
proximal surfaces optimally restored
- Optimal proximal contact restored
- No excess resin in/on soft tissue
- No excess resin on other teeth

B - Areas needing more polish
- Minor contamination of resin not
affecting durability or esthetics

- Minor amount of resin beyond preparation
margin
enameloplasty
- Minor damage to assessment tooth beyond
preparation margin corrected by
enameloplasty
- Proximal contact slightly too occlusal
- Proximal contact slightly too gingival
- Proximal contact slightly too broad

C - Unacceptable roughness, scratches
or voids
- Contamination of resin that needs
correction

- Deficiency/void at margin < 0.5mm
- Excess resin beyond preparation margin
requiring correction
- Minor damage to adjacent tooth correctable
by enameloplasty
preparation margin correctable by
enameloplasty

- Over-contoured 0.5 1.0mm
- Poorly defined morphology
- Proximal contact too broad
- Proximal contact too tight/rough
- Excess resin in/on soft tissue
- Excess resin on other teeth
- Excess occlusal contact

D - Excessive roughness, scratches or
voids
- Excessive contamination of resin
requiring replacement of entire
restoration.
- Deficiency/void at margin > 0.5mm
- Gross amount of excess resin beyond
preparation margin
- Major damage to adjacent tooth requiring
restoration
- Major damage to assessment tooth requiring
restoration

- Lack of physiologic contour
- No proximal contact
- Marginal ridge disharmony > 1.0mm
- Gross amount of excess resin in /on soft
tissue
- Gross amount of excess resin on other
teeth
- Restoration fractured or loose

- 22 -

Class IV Composite Resin Restoration
These criteria do not include shade matching, which is NOT part of the evaluation.
Score Restoration Quality and Polish Margin Contours and Function
A - Uniform smoothness
- Uniform polish matching tooth
surface
- No contamination of resin (no stains
or inclusions)
- Junction of tooth/ restoration not detectable or
slightly detectable with explorer
- No excess beyond preparation margin
- No damage to adjacent teeth, assessment tooth or
gingiva
- Physiologic tooth contours restored
- No excess resin in/on soft tissue
- No excess resin on other teeth
- Appropriate occlusal contact

B - Areas needing more polish
- Minor contamination of resin not
affecting durability or esthetics of
restoration
- Minor excess resin beyond preparation margin
enameloplasty
preparation margin corrected by enameloplasty

- Proximal contact slightly too incisal
- Proximal contact slightly too broad

C - Unacceptable roughness, scratches
or voids
- Contamination of resin that requires
correction
- Deficiency/void at margin < 0.5mm
- Excess resin beyond preparation margin requiring
correction
enameloplasty
preparation margin correctable by enameloplasty
- Over-contoured 0.5 1.0mm
- Light proximal contact
- Proximal contact too incisal
- Proximal contact too tight/rough
- Excess resin in/on soft tissue
- Excess resin on other teeth
- Excessive occlusal contact

D - Excessive roughness, deep
scratches or excessive voids
- Excessive contamination of resin
requiring replacement of entire
restoration.
- Deficiency/void at margin > 0.5mm
- Gross amount of excess resin beyond preparation
margin
- Major damage to adjacent tooth requiring
restoration
- Major damage to assessment tooth requiring
restoration
- Lack of physiologic contour
- Gross amount of excess resin in /on
soft tissue
- Gross amount of excess resin on
other teeth

- 23 -

Class II Amalgam Restoration

Score Surface quality Margin Contours and Function
A - Uniform smoothness - Junction of tooth/restoration not detectable with explorer
- No debris/loose amalgam in soft tissue
- No damage to adjacent teeth, assessment tooth or
gingiva

- Physiologic tooth contours of occlusal
and proximal surfaces optimally restored
- Optimal occlusal contact

B - Some areas of roughness - Margin slightly detectable
enameloplasty

- Slightly under-contoured
- Slightly over-contoured
- Proximal contact slightly too occlusal
- Proximal contact slightly broad

C - Roughness or scratches
requiring correction
- Excess amalgam at margin < 0.5mm
- Deficiency at margin < 0.5mm
- Void at margin < 0.5mm
- Debris/loose amalgam in soft tissue
enameloplasty

- Over contoured < 0.5mm
- Light proximal contact
- Proximal contact too tight
- Marginal ridge disharmony < 1.0mm
- Supra-occlusion

D - Excessive roughness or
scratches that cannot be
polished
- Deep or excessive voids
other than at margin

- Excess amalgam at margin > 0.5mm
- Deficiency at margin > 0.5mm
- Void at margin > 0.5mm
- Grossly excessive debris/loose amalgam in soft tissue
- Major damage to assessment tooth requiring restoration

- Marginal ridge disharmony > 1.0mm

- 24 -

Radiographic exercise
Score Film position Beam Centring Beam orientation
A Appropriate film selected and oriented
Appropriate teeth and interdental areas
demonstrated and centred
Apex and 2 mm of adjacent tissue
demonstrated
Film indicator (dot) to the occlusal / incisal in
periapical films

No cone cut No horizontal overlapping of interproximal
surfaces
No foreshortening or elongation of PA image

B Appropriate film selected and oriented
Appropriate teeth and interdental areas
demonstrated
Apex and 2 mm of adjacent tissue
demonstrated
Nominated tooth not centred
Film indicator (dot) to the occlusal / incisal in
periapical films

<5% cone cut not
affecting the nominated
area
Horizontal overlapping < to middle of the
enamel
Slight (<10%) foreshortening or elongation

C Appropriate film selected and oriented
Nominated teeth not completely demonstrated
A small part of the nominated area is not visible
and/or the apex is visible but no periapical bone
One interdental area specified for the bitewing
film is not demonstrated
Film indicator incorrect

>5% cone cut and
nominated area affected
Horizontal overlapping beyond the middle of
the enamel
Moderate (10-25%) foreshortening or
elongation
Significant vertical overlapping of bitewing
image with the tissues of both jaws
demonstrated
D Film reversed
Inappropriate film selected
Inappropriate film long axis orientation
Nominated teeth not demonstrated (e.g. wrong
side/jaw)
A large part of the nominated area is not visible
Apex of tooth not demonstrated in a PA film

>25% cone cut involving
nominated area
Horizontal interproximal overlapping beyond
the enamel
Gross (>25%) foreshortening or elongation
Vertical overlapping of bitewing image with
inadequate coverage of the tissues of one jaw

- 25 -

Rubber Dam Application

Score Criteria
A - Appropriate clamp
- Stable clamp
- Clamp secured with an appropriate length of dental floss
- Orientation provides an unrestricted airway
- Dam inverted on all isolated teeth
- All punch holes in appropriate positions
- Dam and frame positioned for optimal access, safety and moisture
control and patient comfort

B - Dam is inverted on teeth in operative area only
- Minor deviations in punch hole locations
- Dam or frame positioning needs minor adjustment for optimal
access, safety, moisture control or patient comfort

C One or two of the following deficiencies:
- Unnecessary trauma to gingiva or teeth
- Unstable clamp
- Unsecured or inadequately secured clamp
- Patient airway compromised
- Dam not over wings of clamp
- Inappropriate number of teeth isolated
- Frame incorrectly oriented
- Dam not inverted in operative area
- Dam not through all interproximal contact points
- Punch holes improperly positioned
- Tears or holes compromising function
- Dam or frame positioning must be altered for access, safety,
moisture control or patient comfort

D Three or more of the above deficiencies or:
- Dam not placed in allotted time
- Improper position of dam and frame not allowing treatment on
indicated tooth

- 26 -

Record of Procedures
Participants may be required to perform the Record of Procedures on one of the
Assessment Days. Participants will record all procedures performed on that day (except
the Rubber Dam application), on the supplied Record of Procedures form.
The Record of Procedures should be completed assuming that:
each procedure is performed on a different patient
the patient has no changes in medical history
local anesthesia has been administered for each procedure
any prepared teeth were restored during the session
any restored teeth were prepared during the session
provisional crowns were cemented during the session.

In order to preserve anonymity, do NOT sign the Record of Procedures. Participants
should use their ADC ID number in place of a signature.
Records should comply with the Dental Board of Australias Guidelines on Dental
Records.
It is NOT necessary to include any more patient or treatment information than is illustrated
in the following examples.

Examples of appropriate entries:
Record of Procedures

DATE

PROCEDURES

ADC ID
NUMBER
(do not sign)
10/10/12 Reviewed medical history - no change
Right inferior alveolar nerve block 1.8cc 2% lidocaine,
1:100,000 epinephrine
Tooth 4.6, MOD amalgam preparation and restoration with
Tytin amalgam

123456
10/10/12

Reviewed medical history - no change
Buccal infiltration anesthesia 1.8cc 2% lidocaine 1:100,000
epinephrine
Tooth 3.3 MIBL composite resin preparation and restoration
with Z250, Shade B2 (etch/bond)

123456
10/10/12

Reviewed medical history no change
Right Left inferior alveolar nerve block 3.6cc 2% lidocaine
1:100,000 epinephrine
Prepared 3.4 for metal-ceramic crown, porcelain occlusion
and porcelain butt margin on buccal
Methylmethacrylate provisional crown fabricated, cemented
with Nogenol provisional cement
Vita shade 3L 1.5

123456

- 27 -

Examples of errors include:

Incorrect or incomplete record of procedures.
No or inappropriate date.
No or inappropriate record of updating medical history.
No or inappropriate record of type, quantity or location of local anesthesia.
No or incorrect tooth number identified.
No or incorrect restored surfaces identified.
No or inappropriate type of restorative or provisional material identified.
No or inappropriate cement type identified.
No or inappropriate restorative material brand identified.
Incorrect technique or improper use of material identified.
No shade recorded.
Record not written in ink.
Record not legible.
Inappropriate correction of entry (original entry not visible through correction).
No ID number.
ID number in inappropriate location.

Scoring Grid:

Score Criteria
A
- Appropriate and accurate record of all procedures.

B
- One error on Record of Procedures.

C
- Two or three errors on Record of Procedures.

D
- More than three errors on Record of Procedures.
- No entries on Record of Procedures.

Infection Control
Participants will perform all requirements as if they were working on actual patients.
Infection control and material hygiene procedures will be observed by Assessment
Invigilators. Participants will NOT be informed of any recorded violations.
It will be assumed that all instruments are sterile at the beginning of Day 1.
If an instrument or treatment material is dropped during a procedure, a participant
must notify an Invigilator who will ask the participant to describe how the situation
should be handled in actual patient treatment and give permission to pick up the
instrument or material.

- 28 -

The only modifications to infection control procedures for the purposes of this
Assessment are allowing the wearing of treatment gloves while:
Loosening the clamp that allows the patients head position to be adjusted
and adjusting the head.
Using the amalgamators.

Examples of unacceptable infection control and material hygiene procedures
include:
Gloves not worn.
Gloves worn outside of the operatory (except when using an amalgamator).
Gloves have holes or tears.
Unacceptable infection control procedures involving gloves such as wearing
treatment gloves when retrieving an article from a non-sterile area such as a
storage bin or cabinet or touching masks, glasses or hair.
Mask not worn or not worn appropriately.
Use of contaminated instruments or materials.
Hands not washed.
Contamination of operating area.
Eye protection not used.
Hair not appropriately controlled.
Inappropriate attire.
Unacceptable amalgam handling and disposal.
Unacceptable handling and disposal of sharps.
No or insufficient cooling water used with high speed handpiece

Scoring Grid:

A
No violations of infection control.

B
One infection control violation.

C
Two infection control violations.

D
Three or more infection control violations.

- 29 -

Clinical Communication
Participants may be required to undertake a Clinical Communication role play as one of
the assessment tasks. This will involve a clinical discussion with a simulated patient.
Candidates will be given a clinical scenario to read prior to their allocated Communication
session. The clinical scenario will provide information about the case, and may include
history, examination, clinical photographs and/or radiographs. Candidates will then have
10 minutes to discuss a particular aspect of the case with the simulated patient. For
example, candidates may be asked to explain a diagnosis or treatment option for a patient.

Score Criteria
A

- Always attentive when the patient speaks
- Doesnt interrupt when the patient is talking
- Asks questions when they do not understand the patient
- Uses words, terms and examples that would be clearly understood by the
average patient
- Avoids jargon and dental terminology
- Speaks in a clear and understandable voice (tone, enunciation and pace)

B

- Mostly attentive when the patient speaks (sometimes distracted)
- May interrupt the patient when speaking with their permission, to clarify
meaning
- Mostly uses words terms and examples that would be clearly understood
by the average patient
- Sometimes uses jargon or dental terminology
- Mostly speaks in a clear and understandable voice (tone, enunciation and
pace)

C

One or two of the following deficiencies:
Inattentive when patient speaks
Interrupts patient without permission
Uses words/terms/examples that are confusing or inappropriate
Moderate use of jargon or dental terminology
Speaks in a voice that is difficult to understand (tone, enunciation and
pace), that requires the patient to ask for clarification

D

Three or more of the above deficiencies or:
Consistently inattentive to the patient when they are speaking
Consistently uses confusing words, terms, jargon or examples which the
patient cannot understand
Overall message is not understood by the patient

- 30 -

Results
Participants will receive a score for each requirement as determined by using the
evaluation criteria for the requirement and the Grade Derivation Grid. The final
result for each participant will be determined using the Final Result Grade
Derivation Grid.

The results of the Practical Examination will be posted on a secure website that will
be accessible using the individualised candidate login details provided at the time
of initial registration. Posting of results will normally be done within 6 weeks.
Candidates should check the ADC website for updates.

Results will not be released by telephone, fax or email.

Verification, Review and Appeal
Candidates are referred to the ADC Appeal Policy for information regarding
verification, review and appeal processes for the Practical Examination

Repeats
If a candidate fails the Practical Examination, they are permitted to repeat it,
provided that their Written Examination results are still current. There are no
Supplementary Examinations for the Practical Examination and the examination
must be taken in full and passed on the one session.

- 31 -

Australian Dental Council Ltd
PO Box 13278
Law Courts Victoria 8010
Australia

Tel +61 (0) 3 9657 1777
Fax +61 (0) 3 9657 1766
Email: info@adc.org.au
Web: www.adc.org.au
ABN 70 072 269 900

Version: 2014 (6 March 2014)

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Practical Examination Handbook 2014

The evaluation of the other tasks from all examination facilities is

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