HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG

NGUYN NGC NAM

NGHIN CU MT S GII PHP NNG CAO
CHT LNG MNG DI NG 3G

Chuyn ngnh: K thut vin thng
M s: 60.52.02.08




TM TT LUN VN THC S


1

M U
Thng tin lin lc ni chung v thng tin di ng ni ring hin nay
l mt trong nhng ngnh cng nghip c tc pht trin nhanh nht trn
th gii trong vi nm tr li y. Cng vi nhu cu ngy cng ln v cc
dch v ca khch hng nh thoi, d liu v dch v gi tr gia tng, th
cng ngh GSM, GPRS khng th p ng cho cc nhu cu . Hng
tt yu l pht trin cc cng ngh di ng mi c kh nng p ng
cc nhu cu ca khch hng. Cng ngh di ng 3G l mt trong nhng
cng ngh mi nh th. Vi cc u th vt tri v tc truyn ti d liu,
cng ngh di ng 3G ha hn cung cp cc dch v ni dung phong ph
p ng nhu cu a dng ca khch hng.
B Thng tin v Truyn thng cp giy php trin khai 3G t
thng 4/2009 cho 4 n v l: Viettel, VinaPhone, MobiFone, v
Vietnamobile. Giy php 3G cp cho 4 doanh nghip trn theo tiu chun
IMT-2000 trong bng tn 1900-2200 MHz. n ht thng 6/2013, Vit Nam
c 136 triu thu bao di ng. Vi tc tng trng thu bao nh hin
nay, th trong nhng nm ti, ngnh cng nghip di ng s vn pht trin
vi tc cao.
Trong qu trnh trin khai cho n qu trnh vn hnh mng di
ng 3G UMTS, cng tc nng cao cht lng mng phc v khch hng
lun c t ln hng u i vi cc nh mng di ng. Cng tc ny cn
phi thc hin thng xuyn lin tc p ng nhu cu ngy cng tng ca
khch hng. Cc gii php cn c nghin cu v trin khai p dng nhm
nng cao cht lng mng sao cho ti u c v dung lng, cht lng v
c s h tng mng thc t.
Trn c s cng vi s hng dn ca thy gio TS. V Trng
Thnh, ti tm hiu, nghin cu v hon thnh lun vn tt nghip vi
ti Nghin cu mt s gii php nng cao cht lng mng di ng
3G.
Ni dung ca lun vn c t chc thnh 3 chng chnh, bao
gm:
26


KIN NGH CC HNG NGHIN CU TIP THEO
Qua vic phn tch v p dng cng nh nh gi kt qu v cc
gii php nng cao cht lng mng v tuyn 3G nhn thy nhng ci thin
ng k ca gii php ny, cc hng nghin cu tip theo c th c kin
ngh nh sau:
1. M rng nghin cu cc gii php khng ch nng cao cht
lng mng 3G phn v tuyn m c nhng gii php nng cao
cht lng mng phn li.
2. Trin khai v p dng cc gii php gii php nghin cu cho
ton b mng Mobifone.
3. Nghin cu thm cc quy trnh ti u cho cc KPI lin quan n
truy cp d liu HSDPA, tr

25


KT LUN
Vi mc tiu nghin cu gii php nng cao cht lng mng 3G
v ng dng vo trin khai trn mng MobiFone. Lun vn hon thnh
cc ni dung sau:
Trnh by v vn tng quan cng ngh mng 3G, cu trc mng,
cc lp giao thc, k thut chnh s dng ca cng ngh 3G, nghin cu c
s l thuyt ca gii php nng cao cht lng mng Cc gii php c
xut nng cao cht lng mng.
T vic phn tch tm hiu trn, lun vn tp trung vo p dng cho
mng 3G MobiFone nhm nng cao cht lng mng. Da trn hin trng
v s pht trin thu bao ca nh mng, nh mng p dng:
Quy hoch vng ph: tnh ton s lng trm NodeB, cu hnh
dung lng cho trm, lp t b sung cc thit b Repeater,
Femtocell, IBC Node B cho cc khu vc cm trong th, v nh
chung c.
Trin khai thng xuyn lin tc cng tc ti u driving test
pht hin li cng nh nhng trng hp khai bo cell cha chun
a ra cc phng n: hiu chnh anten, thay thit b li, khai
bo cu hnh cho trm NodeB nhm tng t l cht lng KPI phc
v khch hng
Kt qu nh gi vic nh mng MobiFone p dng cc gii php
trn ci thin ng k vng ph sng 3G phc v khch hng. Ci thin t
l rt cuc gi, cng nh thit lp cuc gi.
2

Chng 1. Tng quan cng ngh 3G: Tm hiu v qu trnh pht
trin ca mng thng tin di ng i t 2G ln 4G, nghin cu cu trc mng
3G, cc c im, cc giao thc k thut ca cng ngh thng tin di ng
3G.
Chng 2. Cc yu t nh hng n cht lng mng 3G v
mt s gii php nng cao cht lng mng 3G: a ra cc b ch tiu
cht lng KPI i vi mng di ng 3G, phn tch cc yu t nh hng
n cht lng mng 3G. T xut mt s gii php nng cao cht
lng b ch tiu cht lng KPI.
Chng 3. Trin khai gii php nng cao cht lng mng di
ng 3G MobiFone: Phn tch hin trng mng li v d bo pht trin
thu bao mng MobiFone, t thc hin p dng gii php nng co cht
lng mng tp trung vo cng tc quy hoch vng ph, ti u tham s cht
lng KPI v nh gi kt qu t c.

3


Chng 1 TNG QUAN CNG NGH 3G
Chng ny tp trung gii thiu qu trnh pht trin cng ngh
mng di ng t 2G ln 3G, phn tch s khc nhau gia 2 cng ngh 3G
WCDMA v 2G-GSM. Sau tm hiu cu trc mng 3G cng nhng cc k
thut chnh s dng trong cng ngh mng di ng 3G. T c c ci
nhn tng quan v cng ngh mng 3G.
Sau y l hnh v th hin s pht trin ca mng di ng 2G ln
3G:

Hnh 1.1: L trnh pht trin t 2G n 3G.
WCDMA ha hn tc truyn dn ln n 2,05Mbps cho ngi
dng tnh, 384Kbps cho ngi dng di chuyn chm v 128Kbps cho ngi
s dng trn t. Cng ngh 3G dng sng mang 5MHz ch khng phi l
sng mang 200KHz nh ca CDMA nn 3G nhanh hn rt nhiu so vi
cng ngh 2G v 2,5G.Ngi ta cng tin hnh nghin cu cc h thng
v tuyn th h t c tc cho ngi s dng ln hn 2 Mbit/s
WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access - truy cp a
phn m bng rng) l cng ngh 3G hot ng da trn CDMA v c kh
nng h tr cc dch v a phng tin tc cao nh video, truy cp
24


Hnh 3.6: Cht lng KPI 3G H Ni trc khi thc hin ti u
Sau khi tin hnh ti u, cht lng mng 3G ti H Ni 5 c
ci thin, c th nh sau:

Hnh 3.7: Cht lng mng 3G H Ni 5 sau khi ti u
Cc KPI chnh CDR S cell Call drop (peak) > 2
Group trc khi ti u 0.45 0
Group sau khi ti u 0.35 0
Ci thin 22%
Bng 3.8: nh gi hiu qu sau khi ti u CS-CDR
23


Hnh 3.5. Cc bc ti u CSSR
3.3.3. Thc hin trin khai ti u KPI CDR ti H Ni
3.3.3.1 Chun b d n
Khu vc thc hin ti u: H Ni 5
Thi gian tin hnh ti u: 30 ngy t 1/3/2013 n 30/3/2013
Tng quan hin trng mng: 370 trm 3G
Cht lng mng trc khi ti u:
4

Internet, hi tho ... WCDMA nm trong di tn 1920 MHz -1980 MHz,
2110 MHz - 2170 MHz.
Tip theo phn l tm hiu cu trc mng 3G WCDMA:

Hnh 1.4: Cu trc h thng WCDMA
Chc nng cng nh nhim v ca tng phn t mng cng nh
cc giao din kt ni c gii thiu.
Sau khi c tm hiu khi qut v cng ngh mng 3G, chng 1
tip tc phn tch cc knh s dng trong 3G WCDMA( knh logic, knh
vt l, knh truyn ti) v cc k thut chnh c s dng::k thut tri
ph, k thut iu khin cng sut, k thut chuyn giao v la chn cell.
Minh ha nh hnh v:
5


Hnh 1.5: Cc knh WCDMA
WCDMA s dng 2 loi iu khin cng sut l
- iu khin cng sut vng h (OLPC)
- iu khin cng sut vng lp ng (CLPC)
Trong k thut chuyn giao ca WCDMA c chuyn giao cng tn
s, chuyn giao gia cc tn s, chuyn giao gia cc h thng. Th tc
chuyn giao c 2 loi chuyn giao cng v chuyn giao mm& mm hn.
Nh vy chng 1 tm hiu v khi qut c cng ngh 3G cc
c im, cu trc, k thut s dng t pht trin a ra gii php
xut nng cao cht lng mng chng 2.

22


Hnh 3.4: Cc bc ti u CDR
3.3.2. Cc bc ti u CSSR
21

Kt qu ci thin ng k vng ph cho cc khu vc c mc thu
tn hiu 3G km, ci thin ng k t l rt cuc gi cng nh t l thit lp
cuc gi.
Ngoi gii php femtocell, nh mng MobiFone cng trin khai lp
t trm NodeB trong cc ta nh chung c c lu lng khch hng s
dng nhiu.
- Trm IBC NODEB: Ging thit k 1 trm Node outdoor thng
thng tuy nhin IBC Node S dng rt nhiu anten a hng c cng sut
pht 2W lp ti cc tng ca nh chung c. Ch ph sng trong ta nh
khng ph sng ra ngoi ta nh gy l hin tng nhiu v rt cuc gi do
chuyn giao cell.
T nm 2011-2013 ti khu vc H Ni trin khai lp t cho
175 ta nh chung c cao tng. V cng ci thin tt cht lng truy cp
3G cc ta nh ny.
3.3. Ti u mt vi tham s KPI da vo qu trnh Drivingtest
3.3.1 Cc bc ti u CDR
6


Chng 2 CC YU T NH HNG N CHT LNG
MNG 3G V MT S GII PHP NNG CAO CHT LNG
MNG 3G
Chng ny trnh by v cc ch tiu cht lng KPI nh gi
cht lng mng, phn tch cc nguyn nhn gy nh hng n cht lng
mng 3G. xut cc gii php nng cao cht lng mng 3G. T l c
s trin khai cc gii php ny trong chng 3.
2.1. Khi qut cc ch tiu cht lng mng 3G
Sau y l bng tng hp nh gi cc ch tiu cht lng KPI ca
mng 3G:
Bng 2.2: Tng hp cc ch tiu cht lng KPI cho mng 3G
STT n v Mc tiu Ghi ch
1. Coverage- Vng Ph
1 RSCP Dbm
Densurban: 95% s
mu c RSCP >= -
88dbm
Urban: 95% s mu c
RSCP >= -93dbm
Suburban: 95% s
mu c RSCP >= -
98dbm
Rual: 95% s mu c
RSCP >= -105dbm
2 Ec/No Db
2. Performance- Hiu sut
a. Access- Truy nhp
7

3 CSSR( Voice call) % >= 98%
4 VCSSR( Video call) >=97.5%
5
PDP Activation Success
Rate % >= 98%
b. Retainbility- Kh nng gi cuc gi
6 CDR (Voice call) % <=1
7 CVDR (Video call) % <=2
c. Mobility- Di ng
8 SHOSR % >=98.5
9 IFHOSR % >=98
10 IRHOSR % >=90
11 LUSR % >=99
d. Data throughput- Thng lng
12 R99 Avg Throughput DL&UL kbit/s >300
13
HSPA Avg Throughput DL (o
im) Mbit/s
>=80% gii hn
Min download

HSPA Avg Throughput DL (o
tuyn) Mbit/s
>=50% gii hn
min DL ca tt c
cc cell

HSPA Avg Throughput UL (o
im) Mbit/s
>=80% gii hn
Min Upload

20

cng ca cc h dn, trn ct in dc cc khu ph. Do cng sut nh nn
3G Repeater tiu th ngun kh thp, c th s dng chung ngun vi h
dn ni lp t trm Repeater. iu ny c ngha rt ln khi trin khai
trm Repeater.
Qua thc t kho st, o kim v phn nh t pha khch hng s
dng. Nh mng MobiFone cho trin khai lp t trm Repeater cho 400
im
Kt qu cho thy sau khi lp t ci thin ng k nhng khu
vc cm trong th ti khu vc H Ni
3.2.4. Gii php ph sng trong nh chung c cao tng
Mc tiu:
Ph sng khu vc cc nh cao tng m trm lp t trn mt t
khng th ph sng; ni c mt thu bao cao.
Cn c ca gii php
Hin nay, phn ln cc nh cao tng nh khu vc nh chung c cao
tng, khu vc nh cng s khng c ph sng trong nh. cc tng cao,
cht lng tn hiu rt km, mc thu kh thp. Kt qu kho st cho thy
y l tn ti ln ca mng 2G/3G Vit Nam.
t im ca cc thu bao trong khu vc cc nh cao tng l khu
vc di chuyn hp (nm trong din tch mt sn ca tng ngi nh). Do ,
vn chuyn giao khng phi xem xt.
Femtocell v trm IBC NodeB gii php hiu qu.
- Femtocell l mt trm pht sng nh ca mng thng tin di ng
t bo c dng nng cao cht lng dch v v cung cp cc dch v
gi tr gia tng phm vi gia nh v vn phng, cng s ging nh trm
pht sng trong nh so vi cc macrocell hay microcell truyn thng l
femtocell kt ni vi mng ca nh cung cp dch v thng qua mng c
nh bng rng nh DSL hay cp, thay v thng qua mng ring ca nh
cung cp dch v di ng
T nm 2011-2013 nh mng MobiFone trin khai lp t 200
b femtocell phc v khch hng nhng im en v sng 3G
19

Code cho HSDPA 15 Code 16 QAM ti a 14,4 Mbps/Node
- Pha 2: Giai on 2011-2014, trong giai on ny s lp t thm
1342 Node-B mi v nng cp 350 Node-B ca pha 1. Cu hnh
Node-B lp t pha 2 nh trong bng 3.6.
Cu hnh
Node-B
Cu hnh 1/1/1
sn sng cho 3/3/3
Cu hnh
2/2/2 sn sng
3/3/3
Cu hnh 3/3/3
Knh CE
128 CE Uplink &
128 CE Downlink
256 CE
Uplink & 256
CE Downlink
384 CE Uplink &
384 CE Downlink
S lng Code
cho HSDPA
15 Code 16 QAM
ti a 14,4
Mbps/Cell
15 Code 16
QAM ti a
14,4
Mbps/Cell
15 Code 16 QAM
ti a 14,4
Mbps/Cell
3.2.2. Lp t Repeater ph sng cc khu vc cm trong th
Mc ch: Gim cc vng c cng tn hiu yu, cc vng cm
do a hnh.
Cn c ca gii php:
Kt qu o kho st cho thy, ngay ti cc khu vc ng dn c
nh H Ni. Vn cn tn ti nhng khu vc b cm do b che khut bi cc
cng trnh xy dng. Ti cc a im ny, mc d gn trm pht sng,
tuy nhin cht lng tn hiu khng ln, khng m bo kt ni, truy nhp
mng v dch v.
Cng ngh sn xut cc thit b in t rt hin i, hin nay cc
nh cung cp thit b cho mng 3G a ra nhiu gii php ngi s dng
khc phc nhng tn ti ca h thng khi cung cp dch v.
Ni dung thc hin:
Cung cp dch v 3G s dng mt s Repeater cc khu vc khng c sng
3G cc khu vc khu ph nh hp, khn.g trin khai c trm NodeB.
Vic trin khai cc trm lp Repeater kh n gin v cc thit b ny c
thit k c sn anten thu v pht, thit b nh gn. C th lp t trn ban
8


HSPA Avg Throughput UL (o
tuyn) Mbit/s
>=50% gii hn
min Upload ca tt
c cc cell
e. Latency- tr
14 AMR Access delay time S <=3.8
15 VC Access delay time S <=5.5
16 PS Access delay time S <=2.8
17 R99 ping delay time Ms <=200
HSPA ping delay time Ms <=150
Tip theo chng 2 phn tch cc yu t nh hng n cht lng
mng 3G
2.2.2. Cc yu t khch quan
2.2.2.1. Cu trc a hnh
Cu trc a hnh ca Vit Nam kh phc tp, cc khu vc c
ph sng mng 3G nm cc khu vc i ni cao nh khu vc min ni
pha Bc hoc khu vc sng sui, ao h nh khu vc pha Nam. cc th
ln nh H Ni, thnh ph H Ch Minh, Nngc quy hoch xy dng
thiu ng b, thng nht. c im a hnh ny to ra kh nhiu vng
lm khng c ph sng, mc d theo thit k l khu vc c ph
sng.
2.2.1.2. Suy hao v tuyn do thi tit
Kt qu o kho st cho thy, suy hao do thi tit Vit Nam i
vi bng tn 2GHz Vit Nam l kh ln. Do thi tit Vit Nam nm khu
vc cn nhit i gi ma. iu cho thy lng ma, my m Vit
Nam kh ln, nht l vo ma ng Min Bc c i ni cao, my m v
9

ma ko di. iu ny nh hng n cht lng dch v, c bit l qu
trnh truy nhp v tuyn, phm vi ph sng
2.2.2. Cc yu t ch quan
2.2.2.1. Thit k v trin khai kin trc mng 3G
Thit k trin khai kin trc trn nn c s h tng mng c sn,
cc nh mng tn dng ng truyn cng nh mng li c nn cng nh
hng n cht lng dch v 3G.
2.2.2.2. Nhiu knh ln cn
Trong phn ny s xt nh hng ca nhiu knh ln cn gia cc
nh khai thc cc tn s ln cn. Trong mi trng c nhiu mng UMTS
hot ng vi cc tn s gn nhau, tn hiu c th gy nhiu ln nhau lm
nh hng n cht lng, vng ph v dung lng ca mi h thng.
2.2.2.3. Chuyn giao lin h thng do s lng trm
Chuyn giao gia h thng GSM sang h thng WCDMA v
ngc li xy ra li gy rt cuc gi ca ngi s dng do h thng mng
cha s trm 3G v s khng tng tch v tc gia 2 ht thng nh
hng n t l chuyn giao v ri cuc gi
Sau khi phn tch tm hiu mt s nguyn nhn nh hng n cht
lng mng di ng 3G, tip theo chng 2 s a ra mt s gii php nng
cao cht lng mng di ng 3G. Trong mc 2.3
2.3. Mt s gii php nng cao cht lng mng di ng 3G
2.3.1. Tnh ton vng ph sng
Trong phn ny s xut gii php tnh ton bn knh cell, s
lng trm cn lp t da trn vic phn tch c im mi trng truyn
sng, loi dch v d kin trin khai cung cp nhm m bo ph sng khu
vc a ra.
c th tnh ton c bn knh cell ta xut tnh ton phn
tch qu ng truyn v tuyn t da vo m hnh truyn sng tham
kho Hata-Okumura hoc Walfisch-Ikegami(Cost 231) tnh c bn
knh cell. Sau tnh ton c din tch ph sng ca cell v s lng site
18

Lu lng Video mi thu bao
trong BH
Erlang 0,0025 0,0025 30%
T l thm nhp thu bao PS 70%
Thng lng trung bnh ca thu
bao PS PS64/64 PS trong BH
Kbyte 20 40
Thng lng trung bnh ca thu
bao PS PS64/128 trong BH
Kbyte 10 30
Thng lng trung bnh ca thu
bao PS PS64/384 trong BH
Kbyte 5 50
Thng lng HSDPA trung bnh
ca thu bao HSDPA trong BH
Kbyte 450
Thng lng HSUPA trung bnh
ca thu bao HSUPA trong BH
Kbyte 150
Cn c vo m hnh lu lng (Trafic Model) trn v s lng
Node-B tnh m bo ph sng theo yu cu, tnh ton cu hnh cho
Node-B gm: s CE (Channel Element) v Number Code (s dng cho
HSDPA) cn thit, c th cho khu vc Tp H Ni theo tnh ton ca nh
cung cp thit b Huawei cc pha nh sau:
- Pha 1: Giai on 2009-2010, vi tng s 350 Node-B v s s c
cu hnh 1/1/1. Cu hnh Node-B c cu hnh nh trong bng 3.5
Bng 3.5: Cu hnh ca 350 Node-B pha 1.
Node B Cu hnh 1/1/1 sn sng 3/3/3
Knh CE
128 CE Uplink & 128 CE Downlink
(Ready 384 UL/384 DL)
17

- Pha 2: Giai on 2011-2014 vi tng s 1342 Node-B, khi s
lp t b sung thm trm cho giai on 1 v nng cp m rng cc
Node-B hin c m bo dung lng phc v thu bao
Nh mng MobiFone trin khai lp t nh sau:
Bng 3. D kin s lng Node B ti thnh ph H Ni
STT Tn qun
Mt dn
s(ngi/km2)
d kin ph
sng
s
site
1 Qun Ba nh 24502.2 Dense urban 56
2 Qun Hon Kim 27851.4 Dense urban 52
3 Qun Ty H 5443.3 Dense urban 10
4 Qun Long Bin 3758.1 Dense urban 7
5 Qun Cu Giy 18741.1 Dense urban 35
6 Qun ng a 37160.3 Dense urban 70
7 Qun Hai B Trng 30804.8 Dense urban 58
8 Qun Hong Mai 8175.2 Dense urban 16
9 Qun Thanh Xun 24554.8 Dense urban 47
10 Qun H ng 4866.1 Dense urban 9
Tng 350
3.2.2 Tnh ton dung lng cho NodeB
Da trn cc s liu v m hnh lu lng ca mt s mng 3G
ang hot ng trong khu vc(nh cung cp Huawei a ra), d kin cc
tham s lu lng trn mng thit k dung lng nh sau:
Tham s lu lng
n
v
ng
ln
ng
xung
Phn trm
thu bao
Lu lng Voice mi thu bao
trong BH
Erlang 0,025 0,025 100%
10

NodeB cn lp t cho mt khu vc c c im mi trng nht nh v
cc dch v cung cp.
11

Bng 2.10: Tnh bn knh R-Cell tham kho
Tham s th
tp
trung th Ngoi
Link
Budget
Formula
dch v cung cp CS64 CS64 CS12,2 A
Tx
Cng sut pht ti
a ca Node
B(dBm) 43 43 43
Cng sut pht ti
a ca TCH (dBm) 22 22 22 B
Suy hao cp Tx
(dB) 0 0 0 C
Body loss Tx (dB) 0 0 0 D
li anten Tx
(dBi) 0 0 0 E
EIRP (dBm) 22 21 21
f = b c -
d + e
Rx
li anten Rx
(dBi) 18 18 18 G
Suy hao cp Rx
(dB) 0,5 0,5 0,5 H
Body loss Rx (dB) 0 0 0 I
Nhiu nn (dB) 2,1 2,1 2,1 j=h+1.6
Eb/No (dB) 2,8 2,8 4,3 K
nhy thu (dBm) -121,04 -121,04 -126,74
l = -
174+j+k+1
0*log10(a
16


Chng 3 - TRIN KHAI GII PHP NNG CAO CHT LNG
MNG 3G MOBIFONE
Chng ny trc ht m t v hin trng mng v d on pht trin thu
bao MobiFone. Tip theo, da trn c s l thuyt nghin cu chng
2, vic tnh ton s lng NodeB, dung lng cu hnh trm c tnh ton
ti u vng ph, thc hin trin khai ti u tham s KPI (CDR) khu
vc H Ni v nh gi kt qu t c.
3.1. Hin trng mng v d bo pht trin thu bao3G Mobifone ti H
Ni
Mc ny gii v tnh hnh dn s, din tch ca khu vc H Ni,
tnh hnh pht trin vin thng ti H Ni v d bo pht trin thu bao ca
mng 3G MobiFone ti H Ni. c cn c tnh ton quy hoch vng ph
phc v khch hng.
Bng 3.2: D bo pht trin thu bao MobiFone khu vc H Ni.
Cui nm 2014 Cui nm 2015 Cui nm 2016
Ch tiu Thu
bao
Th
phn
Thu
bao
Th
phn
Thu
bao
Th
phn
Tng thu bao
(nghn)
4.812,4 38% 5.545,9 38% 6.331,7 38%
Thu bao 3G
(nghn)
850,1 38% 1.347,5 39% 1.970,7 40%
3.2. Quy hoch vng ph ti thnh ph H Ni
Cn c phn tch a bn H Ni mc 3.1, da vo l thuyt tnh
ton vng ph sng chng 2 (phn mm m phng) v thc t kho st,
Theo nhu cu s dng v yu cu v cht lng vng ph sng trong vng 2
nm k t khi bt u cung cp dch v, c s h tng mng hin c, vic
trin khai Node-B ca MobiFone ti Tp H Ni s gm 2 giai on sau:
- Pha 1: Giai on 2009-2010 vi tng s 350 Node-B,v s s dng
chung c s h tng trm 2G hin c y nhanh tin trin
khai.
15

Mc ch ca vic phn tch cc kt qu o c hay phn tch cht
lng mng l cung cp cho nh khai thc mt ci nhn tng th v cht
lng v hiu nng mng. Phn tch cht lng v bo co bao gm vic lp
k hoch v cc trng hp o ti hin trng v o bng h thng qun l
mng. Sau khi c t cc ch tiu cht lng dch v v phn tch s
liu th c th lp ra bo co iu tra. i vi h thng GSM, th cht lng
gm c: thng k cc cuc gi b rt, phn tch nguyn nhn b rt, thng k
chuyn giao v kt qu o cc ln gi thnh cng. Cc h thng thng tin di
ng th h 3 c cc dch v rt a dng nn cn phi a ra cc nh ngha
mi v cht lng dch v.

Hnh 2.6: Qu trnh ti u mng
12

Sau khi tnh ton c suy hao ng truyn
T p dng theo m hnh Hata-Okumura v Walfisch-Ikegami
tnh bn knh cell:
Hata-Okumura:

( ) [ ]
b
m b c p
h
h a h f L
r
lg . 55 , 6 9 , 44
lg . 82 , 13 lg . 16 , 26 55 , 69
lg

+ +
=
Walfisch-Ikegami:
*1000)
Ti 50% 50% 50% M
Nhiu (dB) 3,01 3,01 3,01
n= -
10*log10(
1-m)
Phading nhanh (dB) 1,8 1,8 1,8 O
Penetration loss
(dB) 19 15 10 Q
Kh nng bao ph 0,95 0,95 0,9
Pha ing chm (dB) 6 6,06 4,1 R
Suy hao ng
truyn (dB) 130,73 135,17 146,83
S = f+gI
lnoq-r
Cell radius
cao anten
NodeB (m) 30 35 35
M hnh ng
truyn
Cost
231-Hata
Cost 231-
Hata
Cost 231-
Hata
Bn knh cell (km) 0,53 0,93 3,42
13


( )
( )
d
c f a m bsh ori p
k
f k b k h W L L L
r
+
+ + +
=
20
7 , 15 lg 30 lg 9 lg 20 lg 10
lg

2.3.2 Quy hoch dung lng
Cc tham s quy hoch mng cho h thng UMTS l hi phc tp
v bao gm mt s lng ln phn cng, h thng v.v Tt c cc thng s
ny u lin quan n CCQ. Cc phn t knh (CE) c nh hng ht sc
c bn i vi dung lng, cu hnh v s trm gc yu cu. S lng CE
ti mt trm gc c th s gii hn vic truyn d liu tc ti a ti v tr
.
Trong phn ny sau khi tm hiu vn ti ng ln, ng
xung v dung lng UL v DL th s a ra vn ci tin dung lng:
a) B sung tn s
S dng tn s b sung s cho cng sut ln hn trong mt cell. V
d, nu mt nh iu hnh mua nhiu hn mt khi ph, mt s sng
mang c th c s dng cn bng lu lng ti v cng c th tng
dung lng cho mi cell. Mt trong nhng phng php gim nh u t
hn na l chia s b khuch i cng sut cho cc sng mang.
b) Sector ha
Mt phng php chun tng dung lng ca mt v tr c th
c thc hin bi sect ha. Y sector l tng s tng y ln cng sut, tuy
nhin, trong thc t hiu qu thng l khong 90%. Nhc im ca sect
ha khi quan tm n vic tng dung lng l khi tng s lng sector th
phi tng s lng ng ten s phi ci t v quy hoch sng v tuyn phi
c xem xt sau ti u. N khng th trnh khi v nhu cu lu lng
tng ln, do , nng cp t mt v tr n hng thnh mt v tr c 3 sector
s cho tng dung lng khong 2,7. V do vi mt v tr c su sector
dung lng c th tng khong 5,5. Tng s sector cng s lm tng li
ng ten, do ci thin phm vi ph sng, nhng cch tip cn ny b gii
14

hn bi chi ph lin quan n vic tng cc sector v s lm ny sinh thm
cc vn quy hoch cn c gii quyt.
b) Phn tp pht
ci thin hiu sut vi phn tp pht ng xung, d liu c
th c chia thnh hai lung d liu ring bit v truyn bng cch s dng
chui trc giao. Phn tp a ng trong mi trng v tuyn c th s c
nh hng i vi cc li t c. V d, nu c t phn tp a ng
th li dung lng trong cc ng xung s cao hn khi s dng phn
tp pht. Vi tng ny, li dung lng cao nht c th xy ra trong
microcell v picocell, ni m phn tp a ng b hn ch.
d) M ha tc bt thp
Cui cng, c th tng dung lng thoi vi m ha ting a tc
tng thch( AMR). M ha thoi AMR c tm tc ngun v dung lng
ph tri c th t c bng cch s dng mt tc ngun thp hn. Cc
m AMR s cho php mt cn bng gia cc dung lng thoi v cht
lng nh yu cu.Vi AMR, s lng kt ni c th c tng ln, trong
khi ng thi gim tc d liu trn mi ngi dng.
Tip theo chng 2 s gii thiu gii php ti u tham s KPI da trn qu
trnh Drivingtest
Ti u mng l mt qu trnh ci thin ton b cht lng mng
khi th nghim bi cc thu bao di ng v m bo rng cc ngun ti
nguyn mng c s dng mt cch hiu qu.
Qu trnh ti u bao gm cc bc sau:
- o c cht lng (cc ch tiu k thut).
- Phn tch kt qu o.
- iu chnh mng.
Giai on u ca qu trnh ti u mng l nh ngha cc tiu ch
cht lng chnh (KPI) bao gm cc kt qu o h thng qun l mng v
s liu o ngoi hin trng hay bt k thng tin khc c th s dng xc
nh cht lng dch v.