Unit 2 Notes 1:

Origins of the Industrial Revolution

Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?
England
What paved the way for the Industrial
Revolution?
The Agricultural Revolution
What is agriculture?
the production of crops, livestock, or poultry
(i.e. farming)
What is an enclosure?
One of the fenced-in or hedged-in fields created
by wealthy British landowners on land that was
formerly worked by village farmers
What were the two most important results
of enclosures?
Landowners experimented with new agricultural
methods
Large landowners forced small farmers to
become tenant farmers or move to cities
What were some innovations of the
Agricultural Revolution?
The seed drill
The four-crop rotation

What is crop rotation?
The system of growing a different crop in a field
each year to preserve the fertility of the land
What did Robert Bakewell improve?
Improved animal breeding
What was the result of Bakewells
development?
From 1700 to 1786 the average weight of a
lamb grew from 18 to 50 pounds
What was the result of greater food supply
and living conditions?
Population
increase
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in
England?
Large population of workers

Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in
England?
Extensive natural resources
Water power

Coal to fuel the new machines



Iron ore to construct machines, tools, and buildings
Extensive natural resources
Rivers for
inland
transportation
Harbors from
which
merchants
could set sail
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in
England?
Britain had an expanding economy to support
industrialization
Britain had an expanding economy to
support industrialization

Business people investing in the manufacturing
of new inventions
Highly developed banking system
High availability of bank loans
Growing overseas trade, economic prosperity,
and climate of progress contributed to an
increased demand for goods
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in
England?
Political Stability
Political Stability
None of Britains wars happened at home
Military successes contributed to a positive
attitude
Parliament passes laws that protected business
and helped expansion
What are the factors of production?
Land
Labor
Capital