Lkdkrfh ^tumbks Ifdufh

`cr
[Q^N fdm ^tftk Qughbn ^krvbnks
Kxfibdftbcds
716=
^fhbkdt @kfturks c` Bdmbfd Nuhturk
Icmuhk-5? Fdnbkdt Bdmbfd Hbtkrfturk

www.ljtcmfy.bd

Hfst [pmftkm? Mknkigkr 716>

716> ^urkse ^cdb | Fhh Wblets Wkskrvkm

Dc pfrt c` tebs pughbnftbcd ify gk rkprcmunkm cr ncpbkm bd fdy iftkrbfh `cri (bdnhumbdl pectc ncpybdl cr
stcrbdl bt bd fdy ikmbui bd `cri c` lrfpebns, khkntrcdbn cr iknefdbnfh ikfds fdm wektekr cr dct trfdsbkdt cr
bdnbmkdtfh tc scik ctekr usk c` tebs pughbnftbcd) wbtecut wrbttkd pkribssbcd c` tek ncpyrblet cwdkr.
bsnhfbikr

\ebhk fhh nfrk efs gkkd tfjkd bd tek prkpfrftbcd c` tebs iftkrbfh, dc rkspcdsbgbhbty bs fnnkptkm gy tek futecr `cr fdy
krrcrs, cibssbcds cr bdfnnurfnbks. ]ek iftkrbfh prcvbmkm bd tebs rkscurnk efs gkkd prkpfrkm tc prcvbmk lkdkrfh
bd`criftbcd cdhy. Bt bs dct bdtkdmkm tc gk rkhbkm upcd cr gk f sugstbtutk `cr hklfh cr ctekr prc`kssbcdfh fmvbnk. Dc
rkspcdsbgbhbty nfd gk fnnkptkm gy tek futecr `cr fdy jdcwd cr udjdcwd ncdskqukdnks teft ify rksuht `rci rkhbfdnk cd
fdy bd`criftbcd prcvbmkm bd tebs pughbnftbcd

Lkdkrfh ^tumbks Ifdufh `cr [Q^N fdm ^tftk Qughbn ^krvbnk Kxfibdftbcds
Bdmbfd Nuhturk 5? Fdnbkdt Bdmbfd Hbtkrfturk

cdt dts

Nefptkr 6.
Pkmbn Hbtkrfturk..................................................................................................... >
^erutb Hbtkrfturk fdm ^irbtb Hbtkrfturk ................................................................................>
Wbl-Pkmf ............................................................................................................................. =
Rfourvkmf ............................................................................................................................ =
Mbstbdntbcd gktwkkd Ghfnj fdm \ebtk Rfourvkmf.................................................................. =
^fi Pkmf? ...........................................................................................................................;
Ftefrvf Pkmf? ..................................................................................................................... ;
Grfeifdfs? ......................................................................................................................... 0
Frfdyfjfs ........................................................................................................................... 0
Bipcrtfdnk c` Frfdyfjfs .................................................................................................... 0
]ek [pfdbsefms ................................................................................................................... 0
\ey [pfdbsefms frk nfhhkm Pkmfdtf3 ................................................................................. 0
^irbtb ]kxts? Pkmfdlfs ............................................................................................... <
^ebjsef (Qecdktbns) .............................................................................................................. <
Jfhpf (Wbtufh Nfdcd) ........................................................................................................... <
Pyfjfrfd (Lrfiifr) ...........................................................................................................5
Neefdmf (Pkmbn iktkr) ....................................................................................................... 5
Oyctbsef (Fstrchcly) ............................................................................................................. 5
Kpbns (Btbefsf)....................................................................................................................... 5
Wfifyfd ............................................................................................................................. 5
Ifefgefrtf......................................................................................................................... 5
Qurfdfs? .............................................................................................................................. 2
[pfvkmf .............................................................................................................................. 2
Nefptkr 7.
Dctfghk Kfrhy ^nechfrs bd ^fdsjrbt fdm ]ekbr \crjs ............................................. 2
Gfumefyfdf, Ifdfvf, Fpfstfigf fdm Jftyfyfdf - ^fhgfsutrfs ................................... 2
Ifdusirbtb ........................................................................................................................ 61
Ifdusirbtb fdm tek Ncdnkpt c` Pfrdf ............................................................................... 66
Ifdusirbtb fdm pcsbtbcd c` \cikd................................................................................... 66
Nefptkr >.
^khkntkm ]cpbns bd Gummebst Hbtkrfturk ................................................................ 66
]rbpbtfjf ............................................................................................................................ 66
^uttf Qbtfjf?...................................................................................................................... 67
Pbdfyf Qbtfjf .................................................................................................................... 67
^uttfvbgefdlf ................................................................................................................... 67
Jefdmefjf ........................................................................................................................ 67
Qfrbvfrf ............................................................................................................................. 67
Fgebmefiifpbtfjf ........................................................................................................... 67
Oftfjfs .............................................................................................................................. 6>
Ibhbdmf Qfdef?................................................................................................................... 6>
Mbpfvfisf ........................................................................................................................ 6>
Ifefvfisf? ...................................................................................................................... 6=
Ifefvfstu?........................................................................................................................ 6=
Gummef Nefrbtf? ................................................................................................................ 6=
Ifevbgesf strf ............................................................................................................ 6=
Hfhbtfvbstfrf ...................................................................................................................... 6=
Mbvyfvfmfdf?..................................................................................................................... 6=
[mfdfvfrlf....................................................................................................................... 6=
[mfdf ................................................................................................................................ 6=
Gcmeb Pfisf ..................................................................................................................... 6;
Nefptkr =.
^khknt Gummebst ^nechfrs..................................................................................... 6;
Icllfhbputtf ]bssf ............................................................................................................ 6;
Fvflecsf ......................................................................................................................... 6;
Dflfroudf.......................................................................................................................... 6;
Fsfdlf & Pfsugfdmeu ...................................................................................................... 6;

Gummeflecsf .................................................................................................................... 6;
Mbldlf cr Mbddflf ........................................................................................................... 60
Nfdmrfjrtb cr Nefdmrfjbrtb ................................................................................................ 60
Mefrifjbrtb ....................................................................................................................... 60
716> ^urkse ^cdb | Fhh Wblets Wkskrvkm | Kifbh? surkseAljtcmfy.bd

7|Qflk

Lkdkrfh ^tumbks Ifdufh `cr [Q^N fdm ^tftk Qughbn ^krvbnk Kxfibdftbcds
Bdmbfd Nuhturk 5? Fdnbkdt Bdmbfd Hbtkrfturk

Nefptkr ;.
^khknt ]cpbns bd Ofbd Hbtkrfturk............................................................................ 60
Qurvf, Flfif, Gefmrfgfeu, ^teuhgefmrf & Pbsefjf........................................................ 60
Ofbd Wkhblbcus Nfdcd .......................................................................................................... 60
Fnefrfdl ^utrf (Fnfrfdlf ^utrf)...................................................................................... 6<
Jfhpf ^trf ........................................................................................................................ 6<
Nefptkr 0.
Nhfssbn ^fdsjrbt Hbtkrfturk ................................................................................... 6<
Fsvflecsef ....................................................................................................................... 6<
Ncdtrbgutbcd & \crjs ........................................................................................................ 6<
mrfjf ............................................................................................................................. 65
Innefjfbjf ...................................................................................................................... 65
Gesf ................................................................................................................................. 65
Jfhbmfsf ............................................................................................................................ 62
\crjs c` Jfhbmfsf .............................................................................................................. 62
Nefptkr <.
^fdsjrbt Hbtkrfturk bd ^nbkdnk fdm ]knedchcly .................................................... 76
Fryfgefttf ............................................................................................................... 76
Ncdtrbgutbcds c` Fryfgeftf (=<0 FM) .................................................................................77
Pfrfefibebrf.....................................................................................................................
Qfdnefsbmmefdtf............................................................................................................... 77
7>
Hfhhf .................................................................................................................................. 7>
Gefsjfrfnefryf................................................................................................................. 7>
Rfsetbyfdtrf ...................................................................................................................... 7>
Qbdlfhf .............................................................................................................................. 7=
Gefsjfrf ........................................................................................................................... 7=
Ifmefvf ........................................................................................................................... 7=
Nefptkr 5.
^fdsjrbt Hbtkrfturk bd Kfrhy Ikmbkvfh Bdmbf ......................................................... 7=
^erbefrsef ......................................................................................................................... 7;
Jfhefdf ............................................................................................................................. 7;
Ofyfmkvf ........................................................................................................................... 7;
Lcvfrmefdfnefryf ............................................................................................................ 7;
Ctekr wcrjs..............................................................................................................7;
Wfsfrdfvf fdm Mfjfrdfvf ................................................................................................ 7;
Krctbn Hbtkrfturk fdm ibsnkhhfdkcus ..................................................................................7;

Nefptkr 6.

Pkmbn Hbtkrfturk

]ek Pkmfs frk sfbm tc efvk gkkd pfsskm cd `rci cdk lkdkrftbcd tc tek dkxt tercule vkrgfh
trfdsibssbcd fdm frk, tekrk`crk, fhsc jdcwd fs ^erutb (tc ekfr) cr rkvkhftbcd. ]ek tkri Pkmbn
hbtkrfturk ikfds tek `cur Pkmfs bd tekbr
^fiebtf fdm tek fhhbkm hbtkrfturk gfskm cd cr
mkrbvkm `rci tek Pkmfs. \k nhfssb`y tek Pkmbn
hbtkrfturk bdtc tek `chhcwbdl nftklcrbks?

]ek `cur Pkmfs b.k. tek Wbl, ^fif, Rfour

fdm Ftefrvf fdm tekbr ^fiebtfs.

\eft bs ^fiebtf3

]ek gfsbn iftkrbfh cr ifdtrf tkxt c` kfne c` tek Pkmfs bs

nfhhkm "^fiebtf". ^cik pcst Pkmbn tkxts frk fhsc jdcwd
fs "^fiebtfs" sune fs Fsetfvfjrf Lbtf, Gerblu ^fiebtf,
Grfeif ^fiebtf, Mkvf ^fiebtf, Lfrlf ^fiebtf, Jfseyfp
^fiebtf, ^ebvf ^fiebtf fdm Rclfyfodfvfhjyf ^fiebtf.

^fiebtf hbtkrfhhy ikfds ncipbhftbcd c` ^ujtfs (Eyids).

]ek Grfeifdfs fttfnekm tc kfne ^fiebtf.

]ek Frfdyfjfs.

]ek [pfdbsefms.

^erutb Hbtkrfturk fdm ^irbtb Hbtkrfturk

]ek Pkmbn hbtkrfturk bs grcfmhy mbvbmkm bdtc twc nftklcrbks vbz. ^erutb fdm ^irbtb.

716> ^urkse ^cdb | Fhh Wblets Wkskrvkm | Kifbh? surkseAljtcmfy.bd

>|Qflk

Lkdkrfh ^tumbks Ifdufh `cr [Q^N fdm ^tftk Qughbn ^krvbnk Kxfibdftbcds
Bdmbfd Nuhturk 5? Fdnbkdt Bdmbfd Hbtkrfturk

^erutb bs teft webne efs gkkd

ekfrm fdm bs nfdcdbnfh, ncdsbstbdl

]ekrk bs dc mbstbdnt mbvbsbcd gktwkkd ^erutb fdm ^irbtb.

c` rkvkhftbcd fdm udqukstbcdfghk

Gcte ^erutb fdm ^irbtb nfd gk rkprkskdtkm fs f ncdtbduui,

wbte scik tkxts icrk nfdcdbnfh tefd ctekrs.

trute, fdm bs ncdsbmkrkm ktkrdfh.

^erutb mksnrbgks tek sfnrkm tkxts

nciprbsbdl tek nkdtrfh nfdcd c` Ebdmubsi vbz. Pkmfs, Grfeifdfs, Frfdyfjfs, & [pfdbsefms.
^ibrbtb hbtkrfhhy ikfds "teft webne bs rkikigkrkm,
Pkmbn Hbtkrfturk

supphkikdtfry fdm ify nefdlk cvkr tbik. Bt bs

futecrbtftbvk cdhy tc tek kxtkdt teft bt ncd`cris tc tek
gkmrcnj c` ^erutb fdm bt bs kdtbrk gcmy c` tek pcst
Pkmbn Nhfssbnfh ^fdsjrbt hbtkrfturk. Bt nciprbsks
Pkmfdlf, ^efm mfrsfdf, Qurfdfs, Btbefsf, [pvkmf,
]fdtrfs, Flfifs, [pfdlfs.

Wbl-Pkmf

^erutb

^irbtb

Pkmfs

Pkmfdlf

Grfeifdfs,

^eftmfrsfdf,

Frfdyfjfs

Qurfdfs

[pfdbsefms

Btbefsf Kpbns)

Wbl-Pkmf bs jdcwd fs tek chmkst rkhblbcus tkxt bd tek

wcrhm. Bt bs fhsc jdcwd fs @brst tkstfikdt c` ifdjbdm.

[pvkmf
]fdtrfs

Bt wfs ncipcskm frcudm 6<11 GN. Hfst eyids wkrk

ncipcskm gktwkkd 6;11-6711 GN. Bts f nchhkntbcd c`
eyids gy f duigkr c` prbkst `fibhbks. Bt bs crlfdbzkm bd

Flfifs
[pfdlfs.

61 gccjs webne frk nfhhkm Ifdmfhfs. ]ek `brst fdm 61te

Ifdmfhfs frk tek ycudlkst fdm tek hcdlkst gccjs. ^kncdm tc ^kvkdte Ifdmfhfs frk chmkst pfrts c`
Wbl-Pkmf gut tek secrtkst gccjs. 5te fdm 2te gccjs frk c` ibxkm flks.
Wbl-Pkmf bs dkbtekr f ebstcrbnfh dcr f ekrcbn pcki gut bs ifbdhy f nchhkntbcd c` eyids gy f duigkr
c` prbksthy `fibhbks. ]eksk wkrk rknbtkm ft tek tbik c` sfnrb`bnbfh rbtks fdm ctekr rbtufhs wbte uticst
mkvctbcd. ]ek Wbl-Pkmf ncdtfbds 616< (6175, bdnhumbdl 66 eyids c` tek Pfhfjebhyf rknkssbcd)
eyids (^ujtf) fdm bs mbvbmkm bdtc tkd ifdmfhfs. ]ek `brst fdm tek tkdte Ifdmfhfs frk sfbm tc efvk
gkkd fmmkm hftkr fs tekbr hfdluflk mb``krs shblethy `rci tek ctekr kblet Ifdmfhfs.

Rfourvkmf

Rfous ikfds "sfnrb`bnbfh `criuhf" fdm Rfourvkmf bs tek gccj c` sfnrb`bnbfh prfykrs. Bt ncdtfbds tek
rbtufhs c` tek Rfodfs. Bt bs kstbiftkm tc efvk gkkd ncipcskm gktwkkd 6,=11 fdm 6111 GN. Bt

prksnrbgks tek rbtufhs `cr pkr`cribdl mb``krkdt sfnrb`bnks. Bt wfs tek ifdufh c` tek Fmevfryus.
Fmevfrus wkrk tek pkcphk prkpfrkm tek lrcudm fdm tek fhtfr c``krkm tek sfnrb`bnbfh vbntbis fdm pcurkm
cut tek hbgftbcds.

Mbstbdntbcd gktwkkd Ghfnj fdm \ebtk Rfourvkmf

]ekrk frk twc mbstfdt `cris c` tebs Pkmf. Bd tek chmkst, tek bdstruntbcds fgcut rbtufhs frk
ibdlhkm wbte tek vkrsks `rci tek Wbl-Pkmf. ]ek nebk` rknkssbcd c` tebs bs teft tfulet gy f
snecch c` tkfnekrs nfhhkm tek ]fbtttbrbyfds. ]ebs wfs nfhhkm Ghfnj Rfourvkmf.
716> ^urkse ^cdb | Fhh Wblets Wkskrvkm | Kifbh? surkseAljtcmfy.bd

=|Qflk

Lkdkrfh ^tumbks Ifdufh `cr [Q^N fdm ^tftk Qughbn ^krvbnk Kxfibdftbcds
Bdmbfd Nuhturk 5? Fdnbkdt Bdmbfd Hbtkrfturk

Ft f hftkr mftk ctekr snechfrs nfhhkm tek Pfofsfdkybds skpfrftkm tek kxphfdftcry ifttkr `rci
tek vkrsks tc gk rknbtkm fdm ekdnk
wkrk nfhhkm webtk (^eujhf) Rfour-

\crhms chmkst prcsk hbtkrfturk c` tek BdmcKurcpkfds bs ncdtfbdkm bd Rfourvkmf.

Pkmf, tek ctekr gkbdl nfhhkm tek

ghfnj (Jrbsedf) Rfour-Pkmf.

]ebs biphbks teft tek Jrbsedf Rfourvkmf bdnhumks tek Grfeifdf prcsk mbsnussbcds wbtebd tek
^fiebtf (b.k. bt efs dc Grfeifd) webhk tek ^eujhf Rfourvkmf efs skpfrftkhy f Grfeifdf tkxt,
tek ^eftfpftef Grfeifdf.

^fi Pkmf?
^fifd ikfds ikhcmy fdm bt ncdtfbds tek Weyteibn ncipbhftbcd c` Eyids c` Wblvkmf. Bt rfdjs
dkxt bd sfdntbty fdm hbturlbnfh bipcrtfdnk tc tek Wblvkmf. Bt ncdtfbds 6;=2 eyids webne frk ikfdt
tc gk sudl ft tek scif sfnrb`bnk gy f spknbfh nhfss c` Grfeifds nfhhkm "[mlftrbs". Bt efs terkk
sefjefs cr rknkdsbcds?

Jfuteuif ? Qfdnevbse Grfeifdf

]ek Ofbibdbyf ? Ofbibdbyf Grfeifdf

Wvyfdyf ? ^efmvbse Grfeifdf

]ekrk frk twc Frfdyfjfs? Nefmclyf Frfdyfjf fdm ofbibdbyf Frfdyfjf. Nefmclyf Frfdyfjf efs
Nefmclyf [pdbsefm fdm Ofbibdbyf Frfdyfjf efs Ofbibdbyf [pdbsefm. .
Lfdmefrvkvkmf bs ^fivkmfs [pvkmf bs bs f tknedbnfh trkftbsk cd Iusbn, Mfdnk fdm Mrfif. Gefrfts
Dftyfsefsetrf bs gfskm upcd Lfdmefrvfvkmf.

Ftefrvf Pkmf?
Ftefrvf-Pkmf bs kdtbrkhy mb``krkdt `rci tek ctekr terkk Pkmfs fdm bs nercdchcltbnfhhy tek hfst c` tek
`cur. Bt bs bipcrtfdt fdm bdtkrkstbdl fs bt mksnrbgks tek pcpuhfr gkhbk`s fdm supkrstbtbcds c` tek
euighk `chj. Ftefrvfvkmf ncdtfbds tek iflbn spkhhs, bdncrpcrftks iune c` kfrhy trfmbtbcds c`
ekfhbdl fdm iflbn teft frk pfrfhhkhkm bd ctekr Bdmc-Kurcpkfd hbtkrfturks.

@cr f vkry hcdl tbik bt wfs dct bdnhumkm bd tek nftklcry c` tek Pkmfs. Ftefrvfd wfs f hklkdmfry
Wbseb fdm bs ncdsbmkrkm tc efvk sudl tek Ftefrvfvkmf. Ek bs fhsc sfbm tc efvk `brst bdstbtutkm tek `brksfnrb`bnk cr yfldf. Ftefrvfvkmf wfs ifbdhy ncipcskm gy twc lrcups c` rbsebs jdcwd fs tek
Ftefrvfdfs fdm tek Fdlbrfsf, ekdnk bts chmkst dfik bs tefrvlbrfsf.

]ekrk frk twc survbvbdl rknkdsbcds cr ^efjefs jdcwd fs fudfjyf (FP^) fdm Qfbppfhmf
(FPQ).

Lcpfte Grfeifdf bs tek Grfeifdf c` Rfourvkmf.

]ekrk frk terkk [dbsefms vbz. Qrfsdf, Iudmfjf fdm Ifdmujyf.

^ftyfikv Ofyftk, Bdmbfs Icttc nciks `rci Iudmfjf [pfdbsefm.

716> ^urkse ^cdb | Fhh Wblets Wkskrvkm | Kifbh? surkseAljtcmfy.bd

;|Qflk