Indian Culture-8 - Ancient Indian Literature 8-3 PDF

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tek prcpcrtbcd c` terkk ludfs c` Wfofs,
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gkbdls wkrk nhfssb`bkm cd tek gfsbs c` tek
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bd fnncrmbdl tc Ifdusirbtb, tek ^ftvbj
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sfrvffstftrf`fhffe jrbyffe"nciks `rci Ifdusirbtb cdhy. Ft tek sfik tbik, tekrk bs cdk sehcjf
webne ikdtbcds "Df strkk svfftfdtryfi freftb", webne efs gkkd trfdshftkm fs "wcifd mcks dct
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ekrvkrydfturk,scmbvbdkfdmudbqukteftseksecuhmdkvkrgkhk`ttc`kdm`crekrskh`.Btbstekmuty
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IfdusirbtbfdmMr.GebirfcFigkmjfr
Fnncrmbdl tc Mr. Gebirfc Figkmjfr, tek Ebdmu
Mefrifsefstrfs lfvk hklbtbifny tc tek mcntrbdk c`
Nefturvfdf fdm tek nfstk systki. Ifdusirbtb mkeuifdbskm
tek ^eumrfs fdm udtcunefghks, ruhkm tek Ebdmu psynek `cr
nkdturbks fdm nrkftkm tek lrkftkst cgstfnhk tc fdy skrbcus
fttkiptftkrfmbnftbdlteknfstksystki.
]ebs ifmk Figkmjfr pughbnhy gurd tek Ifdusirbtb cd tek
cnnfsbcd c` ebs ebstcrbnfh Ifefm ^ftyflrfef bd 627< `cr
kstfghbsebdl tek rblet c` udtcunefghks tc mrbdj tek wftkr c`
tekNefwmfrtfdjbdIfefmtcwdbdIfefrfsetrf.

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ifocrbty c` rknkdt snechfrs frcudm =11 GN, udmkr tek pftrcdflk c` jbdl Foftfsftru wbte tek icdj
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Nciprbskstek"hcdl"mbsncursks.

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716>^urkse^cdb|FhhWbletsWkskrvkm|Kifbh?surkseAljtcmfy.bd
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c`PbdfyQbtfjf.
Jefdmefjf
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Nuhhfvfllf. Ifefvfllf mkfhs wbte tek fwfjkdbdl c` Gummef fdm ebs lrkft mbsnbphks.
Nuhhfvfllf mkfhs wbte tek `brst fdm skncdm Gummebst ncudnbhs fdm kstfghbseikdts c`
nciiudbtyc`Gummebstdudsfdmruhks`crGummebstnciiudbty.
Qfrbvfrf
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ikdtbcdkmbd`brsttwcgccjsc`PbdfyQbtfjf.Btbshftkstgccjfdmskkistcgkhftkrtefdtek
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Fgebmefiifpbtfjf mkfhs wbte tek pebhcscpey fdm mcntrbdk c` Gummebsi fppkfrbdl bd tek suttfs.
Ecwkvkr, bt mcks dct ncdtfbd tek systkiftbn pebhcscpebnfh trkftbsks. ]ekrk frk < wcrjs c`
FgebmefiifQbtfjfwebneicstsnechfrsflrkkteftmcd'trkprkskdttekwcrmsc`Gummefebiskh`.
]ek<gccjsfrksecwdbdtek`chhcwbdllrfpebns.Dcdkkmtcnrfitebsbd`c.
Oftfjfs
Oftfjfs frk vkry iune nhcsk tc `chjhcrk hbtkrfturk fdm teky ncdtfbd tek tfhks c` prkvbcus gbrtes c`
Gummef bd pckis. ]ek Oftfjf efvk fhsc gkkd ikdtbcdkm bd tek Jeummfjf Dbjfyf. ]ekrk frk ;=<
pckis.Bd^fdsjrbtbtbsnfhhkmOftfjfifhf, Bd Jeikr teky frk jdcwd fs nbktfj,fdmbdNebdkskteky

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ncudnbhbd62;=.
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]rkk'sfrrbvfhbd^rbHfdjf.Btfhscmkfhswbtetekfrrbvfhc`Gummef'stkfnebdlfdmprkfnekrsbd^rb
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fs Ifefvfisf. Bt mkfhs wbte tek rcyfh mydfstbks c` dct cdhy ^rb Hfdjf gut tek wechk Bdmbfd
sugncdtbdkdtfdm bsjdcwdfswcrhm'shcdlkstudgrcjkdebstcrbnfhfnncudts.]ekncdsknrftbcd
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QfhbfdmQrfjrbt.Btmktfbhstekibrfnhks&kfrhbkrhbvksc`Gummef.
GummefNefrbtf?
GummefNefrbtfbsfdkpbnstyhk^fdsjrbtwcrjgyFsefvflecsf. Mefrifrfjsf wecbsjdcwd
tcefvktrfdshftkmifdywcrjsc`GummebsibdNebdksk,trfdshftkmtebswcrjbdNebdkskbd
=71FM. Bt ifbdhy mkfhs wbte Gummef's Hb`k. Fsvflecsf fhsc wrctk f ^fdsjrbt Mrfif
^frbputrfQrfjfrfdwebnemkfhsfgcut^frbputtfcr^frbputrftekmbsnbphkc`Gummef.
Ifevbgesf strf
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bs fttrbgutkm tc vfsuibtrf fdm mkfhs wbte dct cdhy Gummebsi gut fhsc Pfbseksebjf fdm
^fijyfpebhcscpebks.
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Bd ^fdsjrbt Hfhbt bs f Hctus. Hfhbtvbstfrf bs f ^fdsjrbt tkxt teft mkfhs wbte tek gbclrfpey c`
Gummef.
Mbvyfvfmfdf?
Mbvyfvfmfdf ikfds mbvbdk tfhks. Bt ncdtfbds fdtechcly bd >5 stcrbks fdm bs f ^fdsjrbt tkxt
webnemkfhswbteIfuryfdfdm^udlfEbstcry.]ek Fscjfvfmfdf bsfstcrybdbtwebnemkfhs
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[mfdfvfrlf bs fd kfrhy Gummebst ^fdsjrbt tkxt. Bt efs vkrsks fttrbgutkm tc Gummef fdm ebs
mbsnbphks.
[mfdf
[mfdf bs f Qfhb tkxt bdnhumkm tekrk bd tek ^uttf Qbtfjf's Jeummfjf Dbjfyf. Bt ncdtfbds tek
stcryc`"GhbdmikdfdmKhkpefdt".
716>^urkse^cdb|FhhWbletsWkskrvkm|Kifbh?surkseAljtcmfy.bd
6= |Q f l k

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716>^urkse^cdb|FhhWbletsWkskrvkm|Kifbh?surkseAljtcmfy.bd
6; |Q f l k
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Nefptkr=. ^khkntGummebst^nechfrs
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fdm ncdvkrsbcd c` Fscjf tek Lrkft (>1=7>7 GN). Ek kigrfnkm Gummebsi f`tkr 5 ykfrs c`
ebsncrcdftbcd:ekgknfikfGummebstfdmifmkbtebsstftkrkhblbcdbd701GN.
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gknfhhkmFscjfsMefiif.
Fvflecsf
Fvflecsf bs tek lrkftkst Bdmbfd Qckt Qrbcr tc Jfhbmfsf. Ek bs jdcwd fs `brst ^fdsjrbt
Mrfiftbst c` tek wcrhm. Ebs kpbns rbvfhhkm tek ncdtkipcrfry Wfifyfdf. Ek wrctk Gummebst
tkxts bd Nhfssbnfh ^fdsjrbt. Ek wfs tek ncurt wrbtkr fdm rkhblbcus fmvbscr c` Jusefdf jbdl
Jfdbsejf. Ebs ifbd wcrjs frk Gummefnefrbtf, Ifefhfdjfrf (Gccj c` Lhcry) fdm
^fudmfrfdfdmfjfvyf(mktfbhstekhb`kc`Dfdmf).
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^ftfvfefdf Jbdl Lfutfibputrf. Ek wfs gcrd bd f Grfeibd `fibhy bd Dflfroudjcdmf bd
icmkrdFdmerfQrfmkse.
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ebs kfrhy wcrj wfs bd ^fdsjrbt fdm dct bd Qfhb cr Eygrbm ^fdsjrbt. Icst bipcrtfdt wcrj bs
Ihfifmeyfifjfjrbj,webneikfds @udmfikdtfhPkrskscdtekIbmmhk\fy.
Ebstekcrybsfhscjdcwdfs ^eudyfvfm kiptbdkss".

Fsfdlf&Pfsugfdmeu

Gcte wkrk efh` grctekrs fdm prcpcdkdts c` Rclfnefrf fdmFgebmefiif ]kfnebdls. ]eky
wkrk `rci icmkrd Qksefwfr bd Qfjbstfd. Icst bipcrtfdt wcrj c` Pfsugfdmeu wfs
Fgebmefrificjsef.
Gummeflecsf
Gummeflecsf hbvkm tek ;te nkdtury FM fdm bs jdcwd tc gk cdk c` tek lrkftkst Qfhb snechfr.
Ebs dfik ikfds Pcbnk c` Gummef". Ncdsbmkrkm tc gk icst bipcrtfdt nciikdtftcr c` tek
]ekrfvfmf.
Mktfbhs c` ebs hb`k efvk gkkd mksnrbgkm bd Ifefvfisf fdm Gummeflecsuppfttb. Qhkfsk dctk
Gummeflecsuppfttb wfs dct ebs wcrj. Ek bs sfbm tc efvk lcdk tc ^rb Hfdjf `rci Bdmbf's
IflfmeffdmsktthkmbdFdurfmefpurf.]ekicstbipcrtfdtwcrjbs Pbsummebifllf.

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