N KT CU THP

THIT K KHUNG NGANG NH CNG NGHIP

(Theo tiu chun Anh)
S liu tnh ton:
Thit k khung ngang nh cng nghip 1 tng, 1 nhp, khng c cu trc.
a im thit k: Thch H, H Tnh
Kch thc s b:
- Chiu cao ct : h
c
= 8m
- Chiu di nhp: L = 36m
- Bc ct : B= 6m
- dc mi: 5
0

Vt liu: Ct v v ko dng thp S355:
- Mdul n hi E = 2.1E+8 kPa
1. S tnh:
- Chiu cao tnh ton tng cng ca ct:
h
c
= 300+8000+1.5x500 = 9050 mm, ly 9.1m.
Trong :
+ su chn ct di nn: 300mm
+ cao ca v ko gi s l 500mm, 1.5x500 l khong cch t chn vng hng (haunch) n
imv tr nt ct-v ko.
- Chiu cao mi: h
r
= (L/2)xtan6
0
= 18xtan6
0
= 1.9m


-
- Chiu di hng = 10% nhp = 10%L = 3.6m
H bao che l mi tn, vch tn c dng trn h x g, thanh n v tng gch.
2. Chn tit din s b:
- V ko: tit din 533x210x101 UKB, loi S355

V t
f
= 17.4 >16, nn f
y
= 345 N/mm
2
( theo BS EN 10025-2)
- Ct: tit din 686x254x125 UKB, loi S355

V t
f
= 16.2 mm > 16mm nn f
y
= 345 N/mm
2

3. Ti trng tc ng:
3.1 Ti trng c nh:
g= g
r
+ g
self
Trong :
+ g
r
: ti trng mi gm ti trng ca tm tn lp v h x g, ly 0.15kN/m
2

Tnh trn 1 khung kt cu in hnh:
g
r
= 0.15x6 = 0.9 kN/m
(bc ct l B = 6m)
+ g
self
: ti trng bn thn v ko, ly trng lng ring ca thp 78.5kN/m
3
, thp lm v ko tit din A=
12900mm
2
. Vy:
g
self
= 78.5x0.0129 = 1.01kN/m
Ta tm c ti trng c nh:
g= 0.9+1.01 = 1.91kN/m

3.2. Ti trng p t (khi sa cha, bo dng) trn mi:
Ly q
k
= 0.4kN/m
2

Vy xt trn 1 khung in in hnh: q
k
= 0.4x6 = 2.4kN/m

3.3. Ti trng gi:
Gi tr vn tc gi trong QCVN 02:2009/BXD cho vng Thch H, H Tnh l V
0b
= 38.61 (m/s)
a) Vn tc gi tnh V
b
:

Trong :
- V
b
l vn tc gi c bn ph thuc vo hng gi v v thi im trong nm, cch mt t
cao 10 (xt a hnh loi II)
- c
dir
v c
season
l cc h s iu chnh theo hng v ma trong nm. y chn tt c l 1 (khng
xt n nh hng).
Vy V
b
= V
bo
= 38.61(m/s)
b) Xc nh vn tc gi tnh ton V
m
(z)
Ph thuc loi a hnh v vn tc gi V
b

V
m
(z) = c
r
(z).c
0
(z).V
b

Trong :
- c
r
(z) : h s iu chnh theo mt bng a hnh
Chn a hnh khu vc III, c z
0
= 0.3m, z
min
= 5m, z
max
= 200m (theo BS-EN1991-1-4_E_2005
(4.3.2))

+

- c
0
(z) : h s iu chnh nh hng ca a hnh i ni, ly bng 1.
c) Gi ri:
Xc nh cng ri

+ k
I
: h .s ri ly bng 1.0
d) p sut gi nh q
p
(z)

e) p lc gi ln b mt cng trnh W:
Bn ngoi cng trnh: W
e
= q
p
(z
e
).c
pe
(kN/m
2
)
Xt trn 1 khung in hnh, g
e
=c
s
c
d
. W
e
.B (kN/m) (vi B = 6 m l bc ct)
Trong :
+ c
ep
: h s p sut bn ngoi
+ c
s
c
d
: cc h s v cu trc, ly =1,0 vi cc cn trnh c chiu cao h<15m. ( dy, cng trnh cao
h=12 m)
+









- S tnh p lc gi ngang ln tng :

+ Trng hp h/d = 9.1/30 = 0.303 <1, din tch mt bn > 10m
2
,
nn tra c
pe,10
cho tng theo bng 7.1 (BS EN1991-1-4_E_2005). Ti
2 mt tng hng, c
pe
= c
pe,10
.0.85
+ Vi z
e
= h
c
= 9.1m:

Vi

= >

Min D:

Min E:

- S tnh gi ngang ln mi
Mi l loi 2 mi u nhau (Duopitch), c dc mi = 6
0
, hng gi vung gc vi hng nh
(= 0
0
).


+ Trng hp dc mi = 6
0
( sp s 5
0
), ta tra c
pe
cc min F, G, H, J, I theo bng 7.4a (BS
EN1991-1-4_E_2005)


+ Vi z
e
= h = 11m, ta c :

Vi

= >

Min F:

Min G:

Min H:

Min I:

Min J:

Bn trong cng trnh: W
i
(z
i
) = q
pi
(z
i
).c
pi
(z
i
)
+ Ta c : c
pi
(z
i
) = c
pe
(z
e
) . 0.75
+ q
pi
(z
i
) = q
pe
(z
e
) (vi z
e
= z
i
)
+ g
i
= W
i
. B
Bng tng hp kt qu tnh ton ti trng gi (gi tri)
Thch H, H Tnh: Vo = 38.61 (M/S), a hnh khu vc III
min
= 6
0
D F G H I J E
Cpe 0.68 -1.7 -1.2 -0.6 -0.6 0.2 -0.425
Cpi 0.51 -1.275 -0.9 -0.45 -0.45 0.15 -0.31875
ge (kN/m) 6.3 -16.8 -11.9 -5.9 -5.9 2.0 -3.9
gi (kN/m) 4.7 -12.6 -8.9 -4.5 -4.5 1.5 -2.9
ge-gi (kN/m) 1.6 -4.2 -3.0 -1.5 -1.5 0.5 -1.0

- S tc dng ca ti trng gi ( Gi tri )

4. Cc trng hp t hp ti trng:
- T hp 1: Ti trng c nh (Permanent) v Ti trng khi sa cha (Imposed)
- T hp 2: Ti trng c nh v ti trng gi.
5. Tnh ton s b:
- Cc h s iu t hp c cho trong bng:




- Bng kt qu tnh s b phn lc gi ta F
V
, F
H
, v lc dc thit k N
ed
:
6. nhy ca cc tc ng bc hai
6.1. Nn dc trc trong v ko:
Lc nn dc trc ch c ngha nu

L
cr
l chiu di tnh ton ca v ko,

0.09xN
cr
= 0.09x972.7 = 87.5 kN
N
ed
= <87.5 kN
Vy lc nn dc trc trong v ko l khng ng k.
6.2. H s n nh
cr


Trong :
+ h: cao ca ct ti v tr giao vi v ko = 9.1m
+
NHF
: chuyn v ti v tr u ct, di tc dng ca 1 lc H
NHF
bng 1/200 ca phn lc ng ca gi
ta F
V
(c tnh ton theo l thuyt n hi)
Xy dng m hnh kim tra n nh ca h: Dng thm thanh dm ngang c lin kt khp vi chn ct, 2
u gi ta n:
+ cng EJ = 10%EJ ca ct
+ Chiu di L = 75% chiu di ct
(chn nh)


T hp 1:

Chuyn v ngang ca u ct
NHF
= (tnh t phn mm Sap)
Vy

+
cr
> 10, nn nh hng ca cc tc ng bc hai c th b qua.
T hp 2:

Chuyn v ngang ca u ct
NHF
= (tnh t phn mm Sap)
Vy

+
cr
> 10, nn nh hng ca cc tc ng bc hai c th b qua.
7. Khung khng hon ho
nh hng ca s khng hon chnh (sway imperfection) tng th c th c xc nh nh sau:

+ h= 9.1m
+ m = 2 (s ct)
+

Vic tnh ton bao gm vic a vo mt lc tng ng (NHF).
Nh hng ca s khng hon ho c th c b qua nu H
ed
> 0.15V
Ed

Bng phn lc ng v ngang ca gi ta cho 2 trng hp t hp ti:
(chn bng ging bng D.4 sgk/136)

Xt t hp 1:
H
Ed
= 0 < 0.15V
Ed
=
Nn cn phi xem xt n nh hng ca s khng hon ho vo phn tch t hp 1.
Lc tng ng H
EHF
c ly ra t phn lc ng ca gi ta F
V
:

Lc ny t ti nh ca mi ct, theo cng chiu, cng phng ngang, tc ng ng thi vi
cc nhn t lc khc.

Xt t hp 2: c th b qua nh hng ca s khng hon thin ny.

(chn nh biu mmen t SAP)
8. Kt qu tnh ton
Kt qu tnh ton cui cng:
- V c 2 trng hp t hp,
cr
> 10, nn bb qua nh hng ca mmen bc 2.
- Trng hp t hp 1 (tnh ti v ti t khi sa cha(impose)) c xt s khng hon ho ca h
khung (tc xem xt thm lc tng ng H
EHF
)
Biu mmen cho tng trng hp ti:
(chn 2 biu mmen cho 2 trng hp ti: t hp c thm H
EHF
, t hp 2 v bnh thng)

9. Kim tra tit din mt ct
9.1 Phn loi tit din
9.1.1 Phn loi ct
Phn loi phn bng ct:

1 1 ...
(1 ) (1 ) ... 0.5
2 2 345 11.7 615.1
Ed
y w
N
f t c
o = + = + = >


235
0.83
345
c = =
Gii hn cho lp 1 l:
396 396 0.83
...
13 1 13 ... 1
c
o

= =


52.6 < nn bng ct thuc lp 1
Phn loi phn cnh:


Vy phn cnh thuc Lp 1 (Class 1).
C tit din cnh v bng ca ct u lp 1, nn tit din ct l Lp 1.
9.1.2 Phn loi v ko
Phn loi bng:
476, 5
44,1
10, 8
w
c
t
= =
3
1 1 109 10
1 1 0, 53 0, 5
2 2 345 10,8 476, 5
Ed
y w
N
f t c
o
| |
| |
= + = + = >
|
|
|

\ .
\ .

Gii hn cho lp 1:
396 396 0,83
55,8
13 1 13 0, 53 1
c
o

= =


44,1 55,8 <
Nn phn bng thuc lp 1 (Class1)
Phn loi cnh:
0, 5 (210 10,8 2 12, 7) 86, 9 c mm = =
86, 9
4, 99
17, 4
f
c
t
= =
Gii hn cho lp 1: 9 9 0,83 7, 47 c = =
4, 99 7, 47 <
Nn phn tit din cnh thuc lp 1 (Class1)
V c tit din bng v cnh thuc lp 1, vy tit din v ko thuc lp 1.
9.2. Kh nng chu lc ca tit din
9.2.1 Kh nng chu lc ca ct
a) Kh nng chu ct
- Din tch min ct:
( )
2
2 ( 2 ) 15900 2 253 16, 2 11, 7 2 15, 2 16, 2 8385
v f w f
A A bt t r t mm = + + = + + =

- H s an ton = 1.
2
1 645.5 11.7 7552
v w w
A h t mm q > = =
2
8385
v
A mm =
3
,
0
( / 3)
8385 (345/ 3)
10 1670
1
v y
pl Rd
M
A f
V kN

= = =
,
90, 61kN
E d H
V F = =

90, 61 1670 , kN kN OK <
b) Un v tng tc lc ct

- Khi lc ct v momen un ng thi tc dng ln mt ct tit din, nh hng ca lc
ct c th c b qua nu n nh hn 50% lc khng ct do V
pl,Rd
.
,
0, 5 0, 5 1670 835
pl Rd
V kN kN = =
90, 61 835 kN kN <

- Do nh hng ca lc ct n momen khng c th c b qua
c) Kh nng chu nn:
3
,
0
15900 345
10 5486
1
y
c Rd
M
Af
N kN

= = =
204, 93
Ed v
N F kN = =
204, 93 5486 , kN kN OK <

d) Kt hp un v lc dc trc
,
204, 93 0, 25 0, 25 5486 1371
Ed pl Rd
N kN N kN = < = =
3
0
0, 5
0, 5 645, 5 11, 7 345
204, 93 10 1303
1
w w y
Ed
M
h t f
N kN kN

= < = =

Do nh hng ca lc nn dc trc n momen khng c th b qua

e) Kh nng chu un:

3
6
, ,
0
3990 10 345
10 1377
1
pl y
pl y Rd
M
W f
M kNm

= = =
,
9,1 0,8
824, 56 752
9,1
y Ed
M kNm

= =
,
752 1377 ,
y Ed
M kNm kNm OK = <
9.2.2 V ko
a) Kh nng chu ct:
- Din tch min ct
2
2 ( 2 ) 12900 2 210 17, 4 (10,8 2 12, 7) 17, 4 6222
v f w f
A A bt t r t mm = + + = + + =

2
1, 0 501, 9 10, 8 5421mm
w w
h t q = =

2
6222
v
A mm = (v
v w w
A h t q > )
Lc ct do gii hn:
( )
3
,
0
6222 345 / 3
( / 3)
10 1239
1
v y
pl Rd
M
A f
V kN

= = =
d
179, 5 1239 ,
E
V kN kN OK = <
b) Un v ct:
,
0, 5 0, 5 1239 620
pl Rd
V kN = =
d
179, 5 620
E
V kN kN = < , do nh hng ca lc ct i vi momen khng c th
c b qua
c) Kh nng chu nn:
3
,
0
12900 345
10 4451
1
y
c Rd
M
Af
N kN

= = =
,
110, 02 4451 ,
Ed c Rd
N kN N kN OK = < =
d) Kt hp un v lc dc trc
, ,
110, 02 0, 25 0, 25 4451 1113
E d pl Rd
N kN N kN = < = =
3
0
0, 5
0, 5 501, 9 10,8 345
110, 02 10 935
1
w w y
Ed
M
h t f
N kN kN

= < = =
Nn nh hngc a lc dc n momen c th b qua.
e) Kh nng chu un:
3
6
, ,
0
2610 10 345
10 900
1
pl y
pl y Rd
M
W f
M kNm

= = =
Momen un ln nht ca v ko l: 467kN
,
467 900 ,
y Ed
M kNm kN OK = <

10. Kim tra mt n nh
10.1 Mt n nh ca ct
10.1.1 Khong cch gi ta trn cnh un
- Khong cch ca cc im ta ca cc thanh ngang trn cnh chu ko ca ct nh hnh.

- Cc thanh ngang ny c th lm tng kh nng chng mt n nh on cho ct, nu bc
thanh khng vt qu L
m
, vi L
m
cho bi:
2 2
,
2
1
38
1 1
57.4 756 235
z
m
pl y y
Ed
T
i
L
W f
N
A C AI
= =
| |
| |
+ |
|
|
\ .
\ .

+ C
1
: h s hnh dng ca biu mmen un.
(chn hnh phn b mmen (t hp 1) ti cc v tr t thanh ngang trn ct (ni suy))

=
1
C =

(ni syu ra cc gi tr ca C1 t theo bng, sgk trang 114) ri chn C1 nh nht
tnh ton Lm, ri so snh L vi Lm tm c, kt lun.


a) Kim tra khi khng c cc im ta trung gian
- Kh nng chu mt n nh un trn trc ph,
, , b z Rd
N
b
h
=
f
t =
2
/
y
f N mm =
i
y
E
f
t = =
1
1
cr
z
z
L
i

= =
( )
2
0.5 1 0.2
z z z z
| o ( = + + =


2 2
1
z
_
| |
= =
+

, ,
1
z y
b z Rd
M
Af
N
_

= =
Ed
N =
- Kh nng chu mt n nh xon ngang,
, b Rd
M
=
1
C =
2
1 2 2
w z T
cr
z z
I EI L GI
M C
L I EI
t
t
= + =
y y
LT
cr
W f
M
= =
( )
2
,0
0.5 1
LT LT LT LT LT
| o |
(
= + + =


,0 LT
=
| =
h
b
=
2 2
1
LT
LT LT LT
_
| | |
= =
+

,
,
1
LT pl y y
b Rd
M
W f
M
_

= =
Ed
M =
b) Xp xp li cc im ta

- Verification of revised restraint arrangement upper segment
- flexural buckling resistance about the minor axis,
, , b z Rd
N
h
b
=
1
=
1
1
cr
z
z
L
i

= =
( )
2
0.5 1 0.2
z z z z
| o ( = + + =


2 2
1
z
_
| |
= =
+

, ,
1
z y
b z Rd
M
Af
N
_

= =
Ed
N =
- Lateral-torsional buckling resistance,
, b Rd
M
=
1
C =
2
1 2 2
w z T
cr
z z
I EI L GI
M C
L I EI
t
t
= + =
y y
LT
cr
W f
M
= =
( )
2
,0
0.5 1
LT LT LT LT LT
| o |
(
= + + =



2 2
1
LT
LT LT LT
_
| | |
= =
+

,
,
1
LT pl y y
b Rd
M
W f
M
_

= =
Ed
M =
- interaction of axial force and bending moment according to Expression 6.62
,
, , ,
1
y Ed
Ed
zy
b z Rd b Rd
M
N
k
N M
+ s
( ) ( )
, , , ,
0.1 0.1
max 1 ; 1
0.25 0.25
Ed Ed z
zy
mLT b Rd z mLT b Rd z
N N
k
C N C N

( | | | |
=
( | |
| |

(
\ . \ .

0.6 0.4
mLT
C = + =
=


a. verification of revised retraint arrangement intermediate segment
- flexural buckling resistance about the minor axis,
, , b z Rd
N
1
1
cr
z
z
L
i

= =
( )
2
0.5 1 0.2
z z z z
| o ( = + + =


2 2
1
z
_
| |
= =
+

, ,
1
z y
b z Rd
M
Af
N
_

= =
Ed
N =
- Lateral-torsional buckling resistance,
, b Rd
M
=
1
C =
2
1 2 2
w z T
cr
z z
I EI L GI
M C
L I EI
t
t
= + =
y y
LT
cr
W f
M
= =
( )
2
,0
0.5 1
LT LT LT LT LT
| o |
(
= + + =


2 2
1
LT
LT LT LT
_
| | |
= =
+

,
,
1
LT pl y y
b Rd
M
W f
M
_

= =
To calculate the modification factor,f
c
k =
( ) ( )
2
1 0.5 1 1 2 0.8
c LT
f k
(
=


,mod
LT
LT
f
_
_ =
,
,
1
LT pl y y
b Rd
M
W f
M
_

= =
Ed
M =
- interaction of axial force and bending moment
,
, , ,
1
y Ed
Ed
zy
b z Rd b Rd
M
N
k
N M
+ s
( ) ( )
, , , ,
0.1 0.1
max 1 ; 1
0.25 0.25
Ed Ed z
zy
mLT b Rd z mLT b Rd z
N N
k
C N C N

( | | | |
=
( | |
| |

(
\ . \ .

0.6 0.4
mLT
C = + =
=



b. verification of revised of restraint arrangement lower sedment
- flexural buckling resistance about the minor axis,
, , b z Rd
N
1
1
cr
z
z
L
i

= =
( )
2
0.5 1 0.2
z z z z
| o ( = + + =


2 2
1
z
_
| |
= =
+

, ,
1
z y
b z Rd
M
Af
N
_

= =
- Lateral- torsional buckling resistance,
, b Rd
M
=
1
C =
2
1 2 2
w z T
cr
z z
I EI L GI
M C
L I EI
t
t
= + =
y y
LT
cr
W f
M
= =
( )
2
,0
0.5 1
LT LT LT LT LT
| o |
(
= + + =


2 2
1
LT
LT LT LT
_
| | |
= =
+

To calculate the modification factor, f
c
k =
( ) ( )
2
1 0.5 1 1 2 0.8
c LT
f k
(
=


,mod
LT
LT
f
_
_ =
,
,
1
LT pl y y
b Rd
M
W f
M
_

= =
- interaction of axial force and bending moment in accordance with
Expression 6.62
,
, , ,
1
y Ed
Ed
zy
b z Rd b Rd
M
N
k
N M
+ s
( ) ( )
, , , ,
0.1 0.1
max 1 ; 1
0.25 0.25
Ed Ed z
zy
mLT b Rd z mLT b Rd z
N N
k
C N C N

( | | | |
=
( | |
| |

(
\ . \ .

0.6 0.4
mLT
C = + =
=



c. verification of revised restraint arrangement major axis
- flexural buckling resistance about the major axis,
, , b y Rd
N
1
1
cr
y
y
L
i

= =
( )
2
0.5 1 0.2
y y y y
| o
(
= + + =


2 2
1
y
_
| |
= =
+

, ,
1
y y
b y Rd
M
Af
N
_

= =
Ed
N =
- interaction of axial force and bending moment in accordance with
Expression 6.61
,
, , ,
1
y Ed
Ed
zz
b y Rd b Rd
M
N
k
N M
+ s
Upper
,
,
y Ed
b Rd
M
M
=
Intermediate
,
,
y Ed
b Rd
M
M
=
Lower
,
,
y Ed
b Rd
M
M
=
( ) ( )
, ,Rd , ,Rd
min 1 0.2 ; 1 0.8
Ed Ed
yy my y my
b y b y
N N
k C C
N N

( | |
= + + ( |
|
(
\ .

0.6 0.4
my
C = + =
=


d. summary: Adequacy of the column section



1.1 Rafter Verification
Ed
V =
Ed
N =
Ed
M =
Ed
M =
a. Zone C sagging region
- Flexible buckling resistance about the minor axis,
,z, b Rd
N
h
b
=
f
t =
1
1
cr
z
z
L
i

= =
( )
2
0.5 1 0.2
z z z z
| o ( = + + =


2 2
1
z
z z z
_
| |
= =
+

,z,
1
y y
b Rd
M
Af
N
_

= =
Ed
N =
- Lateral-torsional buckling resistance,
, b Rd
M
=
1
C =
2
1 2 2
w z T
cr
z z
I EI L GI
M C
L I EI
t
t
= + =
, pl y y
LT
cr
W f
M
= =
( )
2
,0
0.5 1
LT LT LT LT LT
| o |
(
= + + =



2 2
1
LT
LT LT LT
_
| | |
= =
+

2
1
LT

=
,
,
1
LT pl y y
b Rd
M
W f
M
_

= =
, y Ed
M =
- interaction of axial force and bending moment in accordance with
Expression 6.62
,
, , ,
1
y Ed
Ed
zy
b z Rd b Rd
M
N
k
N M
+ s
( ) ( )
, , , ,
0.1 0.1
max 1 ; 1
0.25 0.25
Ed Ed z
zy
mLT b Rd z mLT b Rd z
N N
k
C N C N

( | | | |
=
( | |
| |

(
\ . \ .

0.6 0.4
mLT
C = + =

b. Zone B hogging region
- Space of restraints to the tension flange
2
2
,
2
1
38
1 1
57.4 756 235
z
m
pl y y
Ed
T
i
L
W f
N
A C AI
=
| |
| |
+
| |
\ .
\ .

=
1
C =
- Flexible buckling resistance about the minor axis,
,z, b Rd
N
a =
2 2 2
2 2 2
1
w z
crT T
s t t
EI EI a
N GI
i L L
t t | |
= + +
|
\ .

2 2 2 2
s y z
i i i a = + + =
y
z
cr
A f
N

= =
( )
2
0.5 1 0.2
z z z z
| o ( = + + =


2 2
1
z
z z z
_
| |
= =
+

,z,
1
y y
b Rd
M
Af
N
_

= =
Ed
N =
- Lateral torsional buckling resistance,
b, Rd
M
2
0
2
s
cr cr
i
M N
a
= =
To determine Cm, Ncr,E must be calculated
2
, 2
z
cr E
t
EI
N
L
t
= =
,
,T
cr E
cr
N
N
q = =
0
1 10
1 20
B
q
q
+
= =
+

1
10
B
q
t q
= =
+

2
0.5 0.5
1 1 20
B
t q q
= =
+ +

min
max
t
M
B
M
= =
2
0 1 2
1
m
t t
C
B B B B B
= =
+ +

2
0 cr m cr
M c C M = =
y y
LT
cr
W f
M
= =
( )
2
,0
0.5 1
LT LT LT LT LT
| o |
(
= + + =



2 2
1
LT
LT LT LT
_
| | |
= =
+

2
1
LT

=
To calculate the modification factor,f
1
1
c
k
C
= =
( ) ( )
2
1 0.5 1 1 2 0.8
c LT
f k
(
=


,mod
LT
LT
f
_
_ =
,
,
1
LT pl y y
b Rd
M
W f
M
_

= =
Ed
M =
- interaction of axial force and bending moment in accordance with
Expression 6.62
,
, , ,
1
y Ed
Ed
zy
b z Rd b Rd
M
N
k
N M
+ s
( ) ( )
, , , ,
0.1 0.1
max 1 ; 1
0.25 0.25
Ed Ed z
zy
mLT b Rd z mLT b Rd z
N N
k
C N C N

( | | | |
=
( | |
| |

(
\ . \ .

0.6 0.4
mLT
C = + =


c. Resistance to in plane buckling and bending
cr
L =
1
1
cr
y
y
L
i

= =
( )
2
0.5 1 0.2
y y y y
| o
(
= + + =


2 2
1
y
_
| |
= =
+

, ,
1
y y
b y Rd
M
Af
N
_

= =
Ed
N =
- interaction of axial force and bending moment in accordance with
Expression 6.61
,
, , ,
1
y Ed
Ed
yy
b y Rd b Rd
M
N
k
N M
+ s
Adjacent to the haunch
,
,
y Ed
b Rd
M
M
=
Adjacent to the apex
,
,
y Ed
b Rd
M
M
=
( ) ( )
, ,Rd , ,Rd
min 1 0.2 ; 1 0.8
Ed Ed
yy my y my
b y b y
N N
k C C
N N

( | |
= + + ( |
|
(
\ .

=
s
s
h
M
M
o = =
( ) 0.1 1 0.8
my s
C o = =

d. Summary: Adequancy of the rafter section

2. Verification of haunched length
2.1 Cross section classification
- Haunch web
f
t =
y
f =
235
c = =
c
t
=
- Haunch flange

a. Effective plastic modulus
- Bending resistance
- Shear resistance
,min v w w
A h t = =
( )
,
0
/ 3
v y
pl Rd
M
A f
V

= =
Ed
V =
- Bending and shear interaction
,
0.5V
pl Rd
=
- Compression resistance
,
0
y
c Rd
M
Af
N

= =
Ed
N =
- Bending and axial force interaction
1
Ed Ed
Rd Rd
N M
N M
+ s


2.2 Buckling resistance
a. Simplified assessment method
A=
z
I =
z
i =
To calculate the flexural buckling resistance
1
1
cr
y
y
L
i

= =
( )
2
0.5 1 0.2
y y y y
| o
(
= + + =


2 2
1
y
_
| |
= =
+

,
1
y y
b Rd
M
Af
N
_

= =
b. Verification using a plastic check
2
2
,
2
1
38
1 1
57.4 756 235
z
m
pl y y
Ed
T
i
L
W f
N
A C AI
=
| |
| |
+
| |
\ .
\ .

=
1
C =
=
1
C =
z
I =
z
z
I
i
A
= =
m
L =
Sfkshdfkfwfjkwebfwl
n k
s
C L
L
c
=
( )
max
1 2 3 4 5
12
3 4 3 2
n
S E
R
C
R R R R R R R
=
+ + + + + (


,Ed
,
y Ed
y pl y
M aN
R
f W
+
=
2
600
5.4
5.4 1
y
z
f
k
y
f
f
h
i
E t
L
f
h
E t
| |
| |
+
|
|
|
\ .
\ .
=
| |
| |

|
|
|
\ .
\ .

2
3
3
1
9
h h
s y
f
h L
c
h L
h
t
| |
= + =
|
| |
\ .

|
|
\ .

1 5
max( , )
E
R R R = =
1 2 3 4 5
max( , , , , )
S
R R R R R R = =
max 1 2 3 4 5
max( , , , , ) R R R R R R = =