CARE OF WOMAN IN LABOR

Different Phases of the First Stage

PHASE DURATION UTERINE CONTRACTION CERVICAL DILATATION
Primi:
Multi:

Primi:
Multi:

Primi:
Multis:


Purposes of monitoring uterine contraction:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Methods of Monitoring
1.
2.
3.


Abnormal FHT Pattern:
1. Tachycardia
a. FHT =
b. Causes:
i. ?
ii. ?
iii. ?
iv. ?
v. ?
c. Management:
i. ?
ii. ?
iii. ?
iv. ?
v. ?
2. Bradycardia
a. FHT =
b. Causes:
i. ?
ii. ?
iii. ?
iv. ?
v. ?
c. Management:
i. ?
ii. ?
iii. ?
iv. ?
v. ?
3. Late deceleration
a. FHT decreases during uterine contraction and do not return to normal after the end of the same
contraction. It is a sign of uteroplacental insufficiency.
b. Causes:
i. ?
ii. ?
iii. ?
iv. ?
v. ?
c. Management:
i. ?
ii. ?
iii. ?
iv. ?
v. ?
4. Sinusoidal Pattern: decreased or absence of variability in FHT.
a. Causes:
i. ?
ii. ?
iii. ?
iv. ?
v. ?
b. Management:
i. ?
ii. ?
iii. ?
iv. ?
v. ?
5. Variable Pattern/ Deceleration: Deceleration occurring at unpredictable times during uterine contractions. It has
an erratic and jagged pattern in the FHT tracing, shaped like a V, U, W owing to the sudden drops and elevation
of FHT.
a. Causes:
i. ?
ii. ?
iii. ?
iv. ?
v. ?
b. Management:
i. ?
ii. ?
iii. ?
iv. ?
v. ?

Signs of the Second Stage of Labor
Imminent Signs Impending Signs











Methods of Placental Separation:
1.
2.

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