BI TP CHNG I

A. BI TP T LUN
Bi 1 : Cho cc nguyn t :
7 10 14 19 22 24 27 29
N, Ne, Si, K, Ti, Cr, Co, Cu
a. Vit C!e nguyn t" c#a cc nguyn t trn
$. %c &'nh nguyn t n(o )( *i+ )o,i, -hi *i+, *h. hi+/ 0i1i th.ch
c. Cc nguyn t trn thu2c )o,i nguyn t g3/ 0i1i th.ch
Bi 2 : Nguyn t" c#a nguyn t 4 c5 64 h,t cc )o,i, trong &5 h,t *h7ng +ang &i8n nhi9u h:n h,t +ang &i8n
;<:ng )( 1 h,t= nguyn t" nguyn t % c5 >2 h,t cc )o,i ?( @ *hi )( 6>.
a. %c &'nh A, N, B c#a 4 ?( %
$. Vit cCu h3nh e nguyn t" c#a nguyn t 4, %
c. %c &'nh 4, % thu2c )o,i nguyn t n(o/ %, 4 )( *i+ )o,i, -hi *i+, hay *h. hi+/ 0i1i th.ch
Bi 3 : 42t nguyn t" c#a nguyn t D c5 tEng @ h,t +ang &i8n ?( *h7ng +ang &i8n )( >F. Trong &5 @ h,t
+ang &i8n gC- 1,9 )Gn @ h,t *h7ng +ang &i8n.
a. %c &'nh A, N, B
$. Vit cCu h3nh e c#a D. TH &5 cho $it D )( nguyn t @, -, ; hay I/
Bi 4 : Nguyn t" c#a nguyn t h5a hJc % c5 tEng cc h,t -roton, e)ectron, n:tron $Kng 1F0, trong &5 tEng
cc h,t +ang &i8n gC- 1,462 )Gn @ h,t *h7ng +ang &i8n. %c &'nh A, N, B
Bi 5 : Vit cCu h3nh e &Gy &# ?( cho $it @ hi8u nguyn t" c#a cc nguyn t c5 )L- e ngo(i cMng nh< @au :

1 6 2 1 > N 1
a. 2@ $. 2- c. 6@ ;. 6- e. 6- I. 6- g. 4@
B. BI TP TRC NGHIM
Cu 1. Cc ht cu to nn ht nhn nguyn t (tr Hiro) l:
A. Proton B. Proton v !tron C. Proton v "l"ctron #. Proton$
"l"ctron v n!tron
C 2: ChJn cOu -ht $iPu &Qng *hi n5i ?9 nguyn t":
B. Nguyn t" )u7n c5 @ e R @ n. S. Nguyn t" +ang &i8n t.ch ;<:ng hoTc &i8n t.ch O+
C. Khi )<Ung hGu nh< tV- trung W ?X nguyn t".
Y. Nguyn t" c5 h,t -, h,t n tV- trung W h,t nhOn ?( e)ectron tV- trung W ?X.
Cu 3. Nguyn t" C)o c5 *. hi8u )(:
6>
17
Cl .Sit +
-
R 1,0076 u Zhay &?c[, +
n
R 1,00FNu ?( +
e
R 0,000>>u.
Khi )<Ung c#a 1 nguyn t" c)o trn )(
B. + R 6>,29 u S. + R 6>,29 g C. + R >N,N4.10
\27
u Y. + R19,92N.10
\27
u
C 4: ChJn cOu -ht $iPu @ai *hi n5i ?9 nguyn t"
B. Nguyn t" &<Uc t,o th(nh tH 6 )o,i h,t )(: -roton, e)ectron ?( n:tron Z trH hi;ro[.
S. VX nguyn t" +ang &i8n t.ch O+, h,t nhOn nguyn t" +ang &i8n t.ch ;<:ng
C. Trong nguyn t" @ e $Kng @ - nn nguyn t" trung h]a ?9 &i8n
Y. !,t nhOn nguyn t" c5 h,t n:tron +ang &i8n t.ch ;<:ng ?( h,t -roton *h7ng +ang &i8n
Cu 5. %&nh ngh'( no )(u y v* nguyn t+ ho h,c l -ng. guyn t+ ho h,c l
t./ h0/ cc nguyn t:
A. C1 c2ng i3n t4ch ht nhn B. C1 c2ng nguyn t 5h+i
C. C1 c2ng )+ n!tron trong ht nhn #. C1 c2ng )+ 5h+i
C !: K. hi8u nguyn t" $iPu hi8n &Gy &# &Tc tr<ng cho nguyn t" c#a nguyn t ho hJc ?3 ). ;o n(o @au
&Oy/ K. hi8u nguyn t" cho $it: B^ S *hi B S^ S hi8u nguyn t" A
C^ Nguyn t" *hi c#a nguyn t" Y^ S *hi B ?( @ hi8u nguyn t".
C ": ChJn cOu -ht $iPu @ai *hi n5i ?9 cc &_ng ?':
B. Thu2c cMng +2t nguyn t h5a hJc ?3 c5 cMng @ &i8n t.ch h,t nhOn.
S. C5 cMng @ -roton, @ e)ectron nh<ng *hc nhau ?9 @ n:tron.
C. C5 cMng @ *hi, @ -roton ?( @ e)ectron.
Y. C5 t.nh chCt ?Vt ). *hc nhau nh<ng t.nh chCt h5a hJc ),i ging nhau
C #: Nguyn t" % c5 A R 11, N R 12, ` R 11. K. hi8u nguyn t" &Qng c#a nguyn t" % )(:
B. X
26
12
B. X
22
12
C. X
26
11
#.
26
11
X
Cu 9. 67 hi3u nguyn t X
27
16
cho t( 8i9t nh:ng g; v* nguyn t" <=
A. C5 BR 27, A R 14, N R 16 S. C5 B R 16, A R ` R 27, N R 14
C. C5 B R 27, A R ` R16, N R 14 Y. C5 B R 14, A R 27, N R 16
C 1$: NhVn &'nh 2 *. hi8u X
2>
12
?(
X
2>
16
. COu tr1 )ai n(o &Qng trong cc cOu tr1 )ai @au:
B. % ?( b cMng thu2c ?9 +2t nguyn t h5a hJc. S. % ?( b )( &_ng ?' c#a nhau
C. % ?( b cMng c5 2> e)ectron Y. % ?( b cMng c5 2> h,t -roton ?( n:tron
C 11: Cho cc nguyn t" @au:
14 1> 61 2F
7 7 1> 14
, , , X X X X . Nhcng nguyn t" )( &_ng ?' c#a nhau )(
B.
14 2F
7 14
, X X S.
1> 61
7 1>
, X X C.
14 1>
7 7
, X X Y.
61 2F
1> 14
, X X
C 12: CT- nguyn t" n(o ;<Li &Oy c5 cMng @ n:tron/
B.
1 4
1 2
, H He S.
6 6
1 2
, H He C.
1 6
1 2
, H He Y.
2 6
1 2
, H He
C 13: Cho cu h;nh "l"ctron c>( cc nguyn t+ )(u:
(?). ?)
@
@)
@
@/
A
B)
@
(@). ?)
@
@)
@
@/
A
B)
@
B/
A
C)
?
(B). ?)
@
@)
@
@/
A
B)
@
B/
A

(C). ?)
@
@)
@
@/
A
B)
@
B/
@
Cc nguyn t+ 5iD loi l trEng h0/ no )(u y=
A. (?)$ (C). B. (?)$ (@). C. (B) #. (C)
Cu 14: FGng )+ cc ht c! 8Hn (/$ n$ ") c>( DIt nguyn t < l @J. FGng )+ ht D(ng
i3n nhi*u h!n )+ ht 5hKng D(ng i3n l J. guyn t < l: A.
1F
9
d B.
19
9
d C.
1N
F
e #.
17
F
e
C 15: guyn t c>( DIt nguyn t+ < c1 tGng )+ ht c! 8Hn l J@$ trong 1 )+ ht
D(ng i3n O+ .t h!n )+ ht *h7ng D(ng i3n l C ht . 64 hi3u ho h,c c>( < l: A.
>7
2F
Ni B.
>>
27
Co C.
>N
2N
de #.
>7
2N
de
Cu 16: guyn t nguyn t+ < c1 tGng )+ ht /roton$ n!tron$ "l"ctron l L@M c1 )+
5h+i l BL. %i3n t4ch ht nhn c>( < l: A. ?JN B. @CN
C. ?ON #. @LN
Cu 17: guyn t nguyn t+ P c1 tGng )+ ht c! 8Hn l C@. Frong 1 ht 5hKng D(ng
i3n 8Qng DIt n( tGng ht D(ng i3n . %i3n t4ch ht nhn c>( < l: A. ?JN
B. ?CN C. ?ON #. ?@N
C 1#: Nguyn t" nguyn t % c5 -hOn )L- cui cMng c#a cCu h3nh e)ectron )( 2-
N
. CCu h3nh e)ectron nguyn
t" % )(: B. 1@
2
2@
2
2-
4
. S. 1@
2
2@
2
2-
N
6@
2
. C. 1@
2
2@
2
2-
N
. Y. C1 a, $, c &9u @ai
C 1%: TEng @ h,t trong nguyn t" c#a nguyn t A )( 40. A c5 6 e)ectron W )L- e)ectron ngo(i cMng. A c5 @
hi8u nguyn t" )(: B. 16 S. 12 C. 11 Y. 14
Cu 20: Rl"ctron thuIc lS/ no )(u y lin 59t chTt chU nht vSi ht nhn ?( c5 nfng
)<Ung thC- nhCt/
A. VS/ 6 B. VS/ V C. VS/ W #. VS/
C 21: K. hi8u -hOn )L- n(o @au &Oy )( @ai/ B. 2- S. 6; C. 4I Y. 2;
C 22: Ygy n(o trong cc ;gy @au &Oy g_+ cc -hOn )L- e)ectron &g $go h]a/
B. @
1
, -
6
, ;
7
, I
9
S. @
2
, -
N
, ;
10
, I
12
C. @
2
, -
4
, ;
F
, I
14
Y. @
2
, -
N
, ;
10
, I
14
Cu 23. Frong nguyn t nguyn t+ < c1 B lS/ "M X lS/ "l"ctron ngoi c2ng c1 C "l"ctron.
Y+ /roton c>( nguyn t 1 l: A. ?Z B. ?@ C. ?C
#. ?@
C 24: Nguyn t % c5 cCu h3nh e)ectron W )L- ngo(i cMng )( 4@
1
. S hi8u nguyn t" c#a % )(:
B. 17 S. 20 C. 19 Y. 1F
C 25: guyn t nguyn t+ A c1 J "l"ctron X /hn lS/ /. guyn t nguyn t+ # c1 O" X
/hn lS/ ). Y+ !n v& i3n t4ch ht nhn c>( A$ # l[n l0t l: A. ?B v @Z B. ?B v
?\ C. ?C v @Z#. ?C v ?\
Cu 26. guyn t nguyn t+ < c1 ?" cu+i c2ng i*n vo /hn lS/ B/. guyn t
nguyn t+ P c1 B" cu+i c2ng i*n vo /hn lS/ B/. Y+ /roton c>( <$ P l[n l0t l:
A. ?B v ?L B. ?@ v ?C C. ?B v ?C #. ?@ v ?L
Cu 27. guyn t c>( nguyn t+ ho h,c A c1 ] ^ ?J$ )+ "l"ctron c1 /hn D_c n`ng
l0ng c(o nht trong nguyn t A l: A. J B. A C. ?
#. ?Z
Cu 28: guyn t C( (] ^ @Z) c1 )+ "l"ctron ) l: A. A B. C C. J
#. ?Z
Cu 29: Ch,n cu /ht 8iau )(i.
A. guyn t+ 5iD loi c1 )+ "l"ctron X lS/ "l"ctron ngoi c2ng l: ?$@$B.
B. guyn t+ /hi 5iD c1 )+ "l"ctron X lS/ "l"ctron ngoi c2ng l: L$A$O.
C. guyn t+ 5h4 hi9D ( 5h4 tr!) c1 )+ "l"ctron X lS/ "l"ctron ngoi c2ng l: J
#. H" l nguyn t+ 5iD loi v; nguyn t c1 @ "l"ctron X lS/ "l"ctron ngoi c2ng
Cu 30: Frong nh:ng nguyn t bSi y$ nh:ng nguyn t no c1 cu h;nh "l"ctron
8*n v:ng=
A. H" (] ^@)$ Wg(] ^ ?@) B. Ar ( ] ^ ?J)$ C( ( ] ^ @Z)
C. H" (] ^ @)$ Ar (] ^ ?J) #.Wg (] ^ ?@)$ C( ( ] ^ @Z)
Cu 31: guyn t nguyn t+ <$ trong cu h;nh "l"ctron c1 /hn lS/ ngoi c2ng l Bb
B
.
Y+ "l"ctron X lS/ vc c>( nguyn t < l A. @? B. @L C.
?\ #. @B
Cu 32: Cho cc nguyn t: 6 (] ^ ?\)$ d" (] ^ @A)$ P (] ^ ?L). Ch,n cu /ht 8iau
-ng.
A. Cc nguyn t trn c1 lS/ "l"ctron ngoi c2ng l lS/ W. B. Cc nguyn t *u thuIc
nguyn t+ 5iD loi
C. d" thuIc h, nguyn t+ b #. P c1 B "l"ctron X lS/
ngoi c2ng.
Cu 33: Cho cu h;nh "l"ctron c>( cc nguyn t+ )(u:
(?). ?)
@
@)
@
@/
A
B)
@
(@). ?)
@
@)
@
@/
A
B)
@
B/
A
C)
?
(B). ?)
@
@)
@
@/
A
B)
@
B/
A
(C). ?)
@
@)
@
@/
A
B)
@
B/
@
Cc nguyn t+ 5iD loi l trEng h0/ no )(u y= A. (?)$ (C). B. (?)$ (@).
C. (B) #. (C)