Signals & Systems - Reference Tables

1
Table of Fourier Transform Pairs
Function, f(t) Fourier Transform, F(w)
Definition of Inverse Fourier Transform

-
= w w
p
w
d e F t f
t j
) (
2
1
) (
Definition of Fourier Transform

-
-
= dt e t f F
t jw
w ) ( ) (
) (
0
t t f -
0
) (
t j
e F
w
w
-
t j
e t f
0
) (
w
) (
0
w w - F
) ( t f a
) (
1
a
w
a
F
) (t F ) ( 2 w p - f
n
n
dt
t f d ) ( ) ( ) ( w w F j
n
) ( ) ( t f jt
n
-
n
n
d
F d
w
w) (

-
t
d f t t ) (
) ( ) 0 (
) (
w d p
w
w
F
j
F
+
) (t d
1
t j
e
0
w
) ( 2
0
w w pd -
(t) sgn
w j
2
Fourier Transform Table
UBC M267 Resources for 2005
F(t)

F() Notes (0)
f(t)

f(t)e
it
dt Denition. (1)
1
2

f()e
it
d

f() Inversion formula. (2)

f(t) 2f() Duality property. (3)

e
at
u(t)
1
a + i
a constant, e(a) > 0 (4)
e
a|t|
2a
a
2
+
2
a constant, e(a) > 0 (5)
(t) =

1, if |t| < 1,
0, if |t| > 1
2 sinc() = 2
sin()

Boxcar in time. (6)

1

sinc(t) () Boxcar in frequency. (7)

f

(t) i

f() Derivative in time. (8)
f

(t) (i)
2

f() Higher derivatives similar. (9)
tf(t) i
d
d

f() Derivative in frequency. (10)

t
2
f(t) i
2
d
2
d
2

f() Higher derivatives similar. (11)

e
i
0
t
f(t)

f(
0
) Modulation property. (12)
f

t t
0
k

ke
it
0
f(k) Time shift and squeeze. (13)
(f g)(t)

f() g() Convolution in time. (14)
u(t) =

0, if t < 0
1, if t > 0
1
i
+ () Heaviside step function. (15)
(t t
0
)f(t) e
it
0
f(t
0
) Assumes f continuous at t
0
. (16)
e
i
0
t
2(
0
) Useful for sin(
0
t), cos(
0
t). (17)
Convolution: (f g)(t) =

f(t u)g(u) du =

f(u)g(t u) du.
Parseval:

|f(t)|
2
dt =
1
2

f()

2
d.
Signals & Systems - Reference Tables
2
t
j
p
1
) sgn(w
) (t u
w
w pd
j
1
) ( +

- = n
t jn
n
e F
0
w

- =
-
n
n
n F ) ( 2
0
w w d p
) (
t
t
rect )
2
(
wt
tSa
)
2
(
2
Bt
Sa
B
p
) (
B
rect
w
) (t tri
)
2
(
2
w
Sa
)
2
( )
2
cos(
t t
p t
rect
t
A
2 2
)
2
(
) cos(
w
t
p
wt
t
p
-
A
) cos(
0
t w [ ] ) ( ) (
0 0
w w d w w d p + + -
) sin(
0
t w
[ ] ) ( ) (
0 0
w w d w w d
p
+ - -
j
) cos( ) (
0
t t u w
[ ]
2 2
0
0 0
) ( ) (
2
w w
w
w w d w w d
p
-
+ + + -
j
) sin( ) (
0
t t u w
[ ]
2 2
0
2
0 0
) ( ) (
2
w w
w
w w d w w d
p
-
+ + - -
j
) cos( ) (
0
t e t u
t
w
a -
2 2
0
) (
) (
w a w
w a
j
j
+ +
+
Signals & Systems - Reference Tables
3
) sin( ) (
0
t e t u
t
w
a -
2 2
0
0
) ( w a w
w
j + +
t
e
a -
2 2
2
w a
a
+
) 2 /(
2 2
s t
e
- 2 /
2 2
2
w s
p s
-
e
t
e t u
a -
) (
w a j +
1
t
te t u
a -
) (
2
) (
1
w a j +
Trigonometric Fourier Series
( )

=
+ + =
1
0 0 0
) sin( ) cos( ) (
n
n n
nt b nt a a t f w w
where

=
= =
T
n
T
T
n
dt nt t f
T
b
dt nt t f
T
a dt t f
T
a
0
0
0
0
0
0
) sin( ) (
2
and , ) cos( ) (
2
, ) (
1
w
w
Complex Exponential Fourier Series

- =
= =
T
nt j
n
n
nt j
n
dt e t f
T
F e F t f
0
0
) (
1
where , ) (
w w
Signals & Systems - Reference Tables
4
Some Useful Mathematical Relationships
2
) cos(
jx jx
e e
x
-
+
=
j
e e
x
jx jx
2
) sin(
-
-
=
) sin( ) sin( ) cos( ) cos( ) cos( y x y x y x m =
) sin( ) cos( ) cos( ) sin( ) sin( y x y x y x =
) ( sin ) ( cos ) 2 cos(
2 2
x x x - =
) cos( ) sin( 2 ) 2 sin( x x x =
) 2 cos( 1 ) ( cos 2
2
x x + =
) 2 cos( 1 ) ( sin 2
2
x x - =
1 ) ( sin ) ( cos
2 2
= + x x
) cos( ) cos( ) cos( ) cos( 2 y x y x y x + + - =
) cos( ) cos( ) sin( ) sin( 2 y x y x y x + - - =
) sin( ) sin( ) cos( ) sin( 2 y x y x y x + + - =
Signals & Systems - Reference Tables
5
Useful Integrals

dx x) cos(
) sin(x

dx x) sin(
) cos(x -

dx x x ) cos(
) sin( ) cos( x x x +

dx x x ) sin(
) cos( ) sin( x x x -

dx x x ) cos(
2
) sin( ) 2 ( ) cos( 2
2
x x x x - +

dx x x ) sin(
2
) cos( ) 2 ( ) sin( 2
2
x x x x - -

dx e
x a
a
e
x a

dx xe
x a

-
2
1
a
a
x
e
x a

dx e x
x a 2

- -
3 2
2
2 2
a a
x
a
x
e
x a

+ x
dx
b a
x b a
b
+ ln
1

+
2 2 2
x
dx
b a
) ( tan
1
1
a
b
ab
x
-
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Engineering Tables/Fourier Transform Table 2
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Signal
Fourier transform
unitary, angular frequency
Fourier transform
unitary, ordinary frequency
Remarks











10


The rectangular pulse and the normalized sinc function
11


Dual of rule 10. The rectangular function is an idealized
low-pass filter, and the sinc function is the non-causal
impulse response of such a filter.
12


tri is the triangular function
13


Dual of rule 12.
14



Shows that the Gaussian function exp( - at
2
) is its own
Fourier transform. For this to be integrable we must have
Re(a) > 0.




common in optics












a>0


the transform is the function itself



J
0
(t) is the Bessel function of first kind of order 0, rect is
the rectangular function



it's the generalization of the previous transform; T
n
(t) is the
Chebyshev polynomial of the first kind.






U
n
(t) is the Chebyshev polynomial of the second kind
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Category: Engineering Tables
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