Kha hc Ton 12 Thy L B Trn Phng Logarit

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12

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1. nh ngha
Cho a l s thc dng v khc 1 (0 1) a < , b l 1 s thc dng. Nu s tha mn ng thc a b

=
th c gi l logarit c s a ca b, k hiu log
a
b .
Nh vy: log
a
b a b

= = .
Lu : Trong biu thc log
a
b th a gi l c s (0 1) a < cn b goi l s c logarit (b>0).
V d:

5
2
2
1 2 2
1
5
1
8
) log 32 5 2 32
1
) log 25 2 (5 ) 5 25
5
1 1
) log 1 8
8 8
v
v
v

+ = =
| |
+ = = = =
|
\
+ = =

Ch :
+ S m v s 0 khng c logarit.
+
10
10 log log lg a b b b = = = (lc ca b)
+ log ln
e
a e b b = = (loga npe ca b).
2. Cc php ton tnh cht ca logarit
1) log 1 0, 2) log 1; 3) log log
a a a a
a b b

= = =
log log log
1
4) log log , 6) ; 7)
a b b
b c a
a
a
b b a b a c

= = =
log 1
8) log , 9) log log .log log ; 10) log ( . ) log log
log log
a
a b a b a a a a
b a
c
b c b c c b c b c
a b
= = = = +
11) log log log
a a a
b
b c
c
| |
=
|
\
12) log log
a a
b c b c = =
13)
+ Nu a > 1 th log log
a a
b c b c > >
+ Nu 0 < a < 1 th log log
a a
b c b c > <
14)
1 0 1
) log 0; ) log 0
1 0 1
a a
a a
b b
b b
> < <
+ > + >
` `
> < <
) )

LOGARIT
TI LIU BI GING
Gio vin: L B TRN PHNG
y l ti liu tm lc cc kin thc i km vi bi ging Logarit thuc kha hc Ton 12 Thy L B Trn
Phng ti website Hocmai.vn. c th nm vng kin thc phn Logarit, Bn cn kt hp xem ti liu cng vi
bi ging ny.

Kha hc Ton 12 Thy L B Trn Phng Logarit

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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1 0 1
) log 0; ) log 0
0 1 1
a a
a a
b b
b b
> < <
+ < + <
` `
< < >
) )

3. Bi tp vn dng
Bi 1: Tnh logarit sau:
1)
4
4
2
log 8; 2) log 8
( )
2
log 3 3
1
3
3) log 3 3 4) 4
3 2
log 2
2log 5
1
2
5) 9 6) 2 log 9 +
6 6
1
log 2 log 5
2
3
1 1 1
3 3 3
1 1
7) 8) 2log 6 log 400 3log 45
6 2

| |
+
|
\

5 4
7 15
5 5 4
log 2 log 3 1
9) log 3 .log 7; 10)
log 7 log 6 log 6
| |
+ +
|
\

Bi 2: Chng minh rng:
log log
b b
c a
a c =
Bi 3: Cho
2 3 7
log 3 ; log 5 ; log 2 a b c = = = . Tnh
140
log 63 theo a, b, c.


Gio vin : L B Trn Phng
Ngun : Hocmai.vn