1

1.2

. 17 18

1.

() : + = +
() : + + = + ( + ) = ( + ) +
() 0
()
() , = +
() : =
() : ( ) = ( )
() : ( + ) = +

2.

()

52 = 5200

()

37 = 370

()

490 = 4.900.000

() 52 100 = 5200
() 37 10 = 370
() 490 10000 = 4.900.000

3.

()

582

() 4 5

55

7 5 1

52

52

1 7 3

1 0

493

()

()

3582

() 4 8 5

()

35 6 5

7591

525

528

11173

1010

4093

4.

1+2+3+4
1+2+34

1 2 + 3 4

14
24
10
15

1 2 3 4

5.

200

180

() 157 + 33 =

190

() 122 + 25 + 78 =

200

250

() 785 323 =

462

458

() 7321 4595 =

2724

2627

2726

() 60 (18 2) =

60 + 18 2

(60 18) 2

60 18 + 2

() 52 11 9 =

52 (11 + 9)

() 23 10 =

230

() 97 100 =

970

(52 11) 9
240
9700

225

562

52 20

2300
9800

3
() 879 1000 =

87900

879000

880000

6.

() 3 13
() 5 110

() 7 11
() 4 111

() 45 12
() 34 99

() 12 101
() 58 98

()

3 13 = 3 (10 + 3) = 3 10 + 3 3 = 30 + 9 = 39

()

7 11 = 7 (10 + 1) = 7 10 + 7 1 = 70 + 7 = 77

()

45 12 = 45(10 + 2) = 45 10 + 45 2 = 450 + 90 = 540

() 12 101 = 12(100 + 1) = 12 100 + 12 1 = 1200 + 12 = 1212

() 5 110 = 5(100 + 10) = 5100 + 510 = 500 + 50 = 550
() 4 111 = 4(100 + 10 + 1) = 4100 + 410 + 41 = 400 + 40 + 4 = 444
() 34 99 = 34(100 1) = 34 100 34 1 = 3400 34 = 3366
() 58 98 = 58(100 2) = 58 100 58 2 = 5800 116 = 5684

7.

14

3
2

3
2

= 2 14 + 2 3 + 2 3 = 2 (14 + 3 + 3) = 2 20 = 40

8.
156 , 30 , 38, 369 , 432
() 1000

()

()
156 160 , 30 , 38 40 , 369 370 , 432 430
:
160 + 30 + 40 + 370 + 430 = (160 + 40) + (30 + 370) + 430 =
= 200 + 400 + 430
= 1030 > 1000

() 156 + 30 + 38 + 369 + 432 = 1025

9.
160 .
35 , 48 77 .
;

: 35 + 48 + 77 = 160

10.
120 , 135 ,
25 38 . 107 , 112
, 19 23 .
;

: 120 + 135 + 25 + 38 = 318
: 107 + 112 + 19 + 23 = 261

5
: 318 261 = 57

11.
1983 25
()

()

()

: 2013 1983 = 30

()

1983 25 = 1958

12.
12 . 7 20
12 .
80 , 58
61 . ;

7 20 : 7 2 20 = 280
5 12 : 5 2 12 = 120
:

280 + 120 = 400

: 80 + 58 + 61 = 199
.