Earthquake Guided Notes page494

What is stress? What is strain? How to they compare and

contrast? (make a Venn diagram)
Stress is the forces per unit area acting on a material. Strain is the
deformation of a material in response to stress.











What are the 3 different types of faults? Describe each.
Type of waves Materials &
Description
Sketch Movement
Primary
Squeeze and pulls rocks
in the same direction
along the direction of
the waves.


Moves with the wave.
Secondary
Causes to pull rocks in
right angels in relation
to the waves.


Right angles in relation
to the waves.
Surface

Moves in two directions
as they pass through
rock.

Moves in two
directions.

Stress Strain
Earthquake Guided Notes page494

How do the focus and the epicenter of earthquakes compare and
contrast?
The focus is the point where the earthquake originates at.
The epicenter is the point on the earths surface directly above
the focus.

The greater the distance between P and S waves on a
seismograph the (longer or shorter) distance away from the
epicenter. Longer

What is the name of the scale used to measure the energy
released during an earthquake? What is the range of the scale?

Magnitude. 1-10

What is the name of the scale used to measure the intensity
(damage done) during and earthquake? What is the range of the
scale?
Modified Mercalli scale
Describe the damage caused by earthquakes for a level 1, 5, and
10
Level 1: Not felt except under unusual conditions.
Level 5: Felt by nearly everyone. Some dishes and windows break,
some plaster cracks.
Level 10: Most ordinary structures are destroyed. Rails are bent.
Landslides are common.