PERTEMUAN KE II:

SIFAT FISIK MINERAL

MODUL 2
IDENTIFIKASI MINERAL
Warna
Bentuk Kristal
Cerat
Kilap
Kekerasan
Belahan dan Pecahan
Sifat lain

Warna
Streak (Cerat)
Black - Graphite
Black - Pryite
Black - Magnetite
Black - Chalcopyrite
Gray - Galena
Limonite - Yellow-
brown
Hematite - Red-brown
LUSTER (KILAP):
refleksi mineral dalam menangkap sinar:
ada dua yaitu metalik dan non-metalik
Non metalik: kilap kaca, tanah (earthy) dan tidak memantulkan sinar (dull)
Cleavage (Belahan)
Mengikuti
bentuk
kristal
Fracture (Pecahan)
Yaitu bentuk permukaan
antar atom penyusun
mineral saat mineral
pecah atau hancur
Pecahan:
beraturan (regular)
tidak beraturan
(irregular)
Permukaan pecahan:
Kasar (splinterry)
Halus (smooth)
berbentuk kurva
(conchoidal): seperti
gelas saat pecah.
Kekerasan
Crystal Shape
(Bentuk Kristal)
Kubik
Prismatik
Tabular
(berlembar)
Menjarum
Hexagonal
Piritohedron
Sifat Lain
Magnetism - A few minerals are
attracted to a magnet or are themselves
capable of acting as magnets (the most
common magnetic mineral is
magnetite). Because these are so rare,
this property helps narrow the
possibilities drastically when trying to
identify an unknown specimen.
Feel - Some minerals, notably talc and
graphite, feel greasy or slippery when
you rub your fingers over them. The
greasiness occurs because bonds are
so weak in one direction that your finger
pressure alone is enough to break them
and to slide planes of atoms past
neighboring atomic layers
Taste - Geologists use as many
senses as possible in describing and
identifying minerals. Taste is one of
the last tests to be conducted,
because some minerals are
poisonous. Some minerals taste salty-
most notably halite (salt). Sylvite, a
mineral similar in all other properties to
halite, tastes bitter. Taste is thus a
diagnostic property because it
distinguishes between these minerals.
NEVER TASTE A MINERAL UNLESS
INSTRUCTED TO!
Reaction with Dilute Hydrochloric
Acid - This is actually a chemical
property rather than a physical
attribute of a mineral. Minerals
containing the carbonate anion
(C03)2- effervesce ("fizz") when a drop
of dilute hydrochloric acid is placed on
them. Carbon dioxide is liberated from
the mineral and bubbles out through
the acid, creating the fizz. This test is
best performed on powdered minerals.
Calcite (calcium carbonate) will
effervesce readily in either massive or
powdered form, but dolomite (calcium-
magnesium carbonate) reacts best as
a powder.