,

.A. K, D.Phil.

1.
2.
3.

4.

np

.

,

(.. 67Ga)
XRF

 Tandem
, -

.
T 11 Tandem Van de
Graaff. 2 .
. ,
,
. ,
.

.

= q(1) x V + q(2) x V

Scale
1m

-
n
p

RADIATION , ,

 :
.
...


. 50
.
.
-

(.. DNA).
.
PIXE RBS
.

A.

E DNA

.
E

 DNA

() DNA

() DNA

() DNA

()
DNA

 DNA




DNA

( )



DNA
( )


(PAC)

2



.

W() .

W()

(
DNA).
W() . G(t)

()

1 2
I1 , m 1
1
2

L +1
1 =
L
I, m
L + 1
2 =
L

I2 , m 2

+
()


W (, t ) = Akk Pk (cos )

W (, t ) = Akk Gkk (t ) Pk (cos )

k

1
1
G kk (t ) = Skn cos(b n 0 t ) exp b 2n 02 2 t 2 exp b 2n 02 2r
2

n() = bn()0

0
r

!
1 2 2 2 1 2 2

Gk (t ) = Skn cos(n t ) exp n t exp nr exp(- t C )

2
2
n

C : (rotational correlation time)

 111In
111In

1/2 = 2.85 .

EC
(keV)
420
247
0

I = 7/2
1

171.3

245.4

I = 5/2

1/2 = 85 nsec

I = 1/2

111Cd

= 5/2

1 2 2
1 2 2 2

G 2 (t ) = S20 + S2 n cos(n t ) exp n r exp n t exp(- t C )

2

n =1

= DNA (D) + () + (G)

G (t ) = f 0 + f DG 2 (t ) + f BG 2 (t ) + f G G 2 (t )

(
(

) ( )
) ( )

2 N 180o , t N 90o , t
G (t ) =

2 N 180o , t + 2 N 90o , t

(,t) = 0W(,t)

DNA

111In

n (MHz)

C (nsec)

160 10

0.22 0.10

0.23 0.08

48.5 10.5

75 12

0.20 0.13

0.20 0.11

204 23

DNA 111In

C
n,

 c ()

 c ()

( )

DNA
Allison & Schurr (1979)


PAC

DNA ( ).

, ,
40
DNA.
DNA

100 bp.
DNA
( ) .
PAC

DNA.


Chernobyl

 . . . .


50cm

,
,

...


137Cs