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D tho:



Chun trao i ti liu s ho
da trn Dublin Core Metadata
(Phin bn 1.0)
dng cho trao i d liu trong cc d n CNTT





C quan bin son:
Ban qun l cc d n CNTT Thnh ph HCM
S Khoa hc v Cng ngh Thnh ph HCM

Ch tr:
TS. Hong L Minh
ThS. Nguyn Khc Thanh, ThS. o Quc Hng
L Phm Hong Giu, V c Cm Hi
Phm Quc Phng, Ng Quang Tun Huy, Nguyn c Tun


Phi hp:
TS. Nguyn Ch Cng
T trng T chuyn mn, Ban iu hnh n 112 CP
TS. Vn Lc
Chnh Vn phng CNTT, B Khoa hc v Cng ngh
ThS. Nguyn Long
Tng th k Hi Tin hc Vit Nam
ThS. Nguyn Minh Hip
Ch tch Lin hip th vin cc trng H khu vc pha Nam




THNH PH H CH MINH
2004
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I. S cn thit phi c chun trong
lu tr v trao i ti liu s ho
Bt u t nm 2004, thnh ph H
Ch Minh s trin khai mnh m cc d n
CNTT ca Chng trnh mc tiu ng
dng v pht trin CNTT thnh ph,
thuc bn lnh vc ln sau y:
1. Cc d n Tin hc ho qun l
hnh chnh nh nc ( n
112)
2. Cc d n ng dng H thng
thng tin a l Tp. HCM
(SagoGIS)
3. Cc d n ng dng CNTT
trong cc lnh vc khc
4. Cc d n o to nhn lc,
pht trin ngnh Cng nghip
CNTT.
Ban Qun l cc d n CNTT (Ban
QLDA CNTT) thnh ph H Ch Minh vi
nhim v tham mu cho S Khoa hc v
Cng ngh gip y ban nhn dn thnh
ph H Ch Minh t chc trin khai v
qun l ton b cc d n CNTT nhn
nhn mt thc t: thc hin c hiu
qu Chng trnh CNTT, trch u t
dn tri v thiu hiu qu, nht thit
phi nhanh chng xem xt v p dng
chun lu tr v trao i cc ti liu
in t s ho, tin ti thng nht cc
chun trong trao i thng tin, d liu
gia cc h thng tin hc. y l mt
nhim v tng i mi m v kh khn,
do hin nay c kh nhiu cch lu tr, trao
i d liu v thng tin ang c cc
cng ty tin hc trong nc s dng cho cc
doanh nghip v c quan chnh ph. Vic
chp nhn h thng cc chun theo
hng m, khng ph thuc vo vic s
dng cc phn mm lu tr v trao i
thng tin s l nguyn tc ch o khi
xem xt vn nh chun trnh vn
ph thuc vo cng ngh v sn phm
do cc nh cung cp a ra.. Xut pht t
thc tin trin khai cc ng dng CNTT
v tin hc ho ti Tp. HCM, c bit trong
qu trnh chun b u t d n H thng
thng tin th vin in t lin kt
cc trng i hc, sau khi trao i
vi mt s chuyn gia CNTT v thng
tin th vin ti H ni v thnh ph
H Ch Minh, Ban QLDA CNTT
xut xy dng bn D tho Chun
trao i ti liu s ho da trn
Dublin Core Metadata p dng
trong cc d n CNTT ca thnh ph
H Ch minh, phc v vic trao i d
liu, thng tin, cc ti liu s ho v l
c s nn tng cng ngh phc v
tch hp d liu cho cc Trung tm
tch hp d liu ang c xy dng
ti Thnh ph H Ch Minh: Trung tm
tch hp d liu cho cc d n 112,
CityWEB, SagoGIS.
Ti liu D tho Chun lu tr
v trao i ny s c gi cho mt
s chuyn gia CNTT, chuyn gia cc
ngnh thng tin th vin, thng mi
in t, GIS, mt s c quan chuyn
mn ca trung ng v cc a phng
xem xt, ng gp kin. Chng ti
tin tng cc kt qu trin khai trn
thc t ca cc chun lu tr v trao
i thng tin do Ban qun l cc d n
CNTT thnh ph H Ch Minh xut
trong D tho s l ng gp thit thc
cc c quan chuyn mn v qun l
cp trung ng: Ban ch o quc gia
v CNTT, B Khoa hc v Cng ngh,
B Bu chnh Vin thng, B Thng
mi, y ban Khoa hc, Cng ngh v
Mi trng ca Quc hi xem xt trc
khi ban hnh cc tiu chun quc gia.
Mi kin trao i xin gi v a
ch info@itpmo.hochiminhcity.gov.vn
II. Chun lu tr ti liu s ho
(ti liu in t ton vn)
Xut pht t thc tin l hin
nay, chng ta ang s dng cc cng
c son tho vn bn da trn phn
mm Microsoft Word, c kh nhiu
ti liu in t c to lp v lu
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tr di khun dng ti liu doc ca
Microsoft. Tuy nhin khun dng doc
khng thch hp cho trao i vn bn
hnh chnh gia cc cc c quan chnh
ph, doanh nghip v cc l do sau:
1. Ti liu lu tr v trao i di
dng doc d dng b thay i ni
dung, khng c kh nng xc thc
ngi to lp, ngi k, con du
ng trn ti liu v cc thng tin
khc km theo (bt ph ca lnh o,
cc bt tch khc)
2. Hu ht cc ti liu - vn bn hin
hnh u khng c phin bn in t
s ho dng doc. Vic s dng khun
dng doc nh chun trao i ti liu
in t i hi cc c quan, doanh
nghip phi tun th quy trnh son
tho, s ho v lu tr ti liu in
t, hoc bng phng php nhp
liu, nhn dng t nhng ti liu
vn bn bng giy. y l mt quy
trnh tin hc ho rt kh khn v
tn km, c th gy nn nhng s
lng ph rt ln cho chnh cc c
quan, doanh nghip khi p dng tin
hc ho.
3. Cc ti liu dng doc thng cha
cc thng tin n, cc macro, v c
kh nng ly nhim virus rt ln, do
khng nn dng lu tr, trao
i vi cc h thng khc, tr khi
ti liu ang c lun chuyn
trong ni b mt n v, c quan
ch x l, hon thin v ban hnh.
Vi cc l do trn y, vic chn
dng ti liu doc lu tr v trao i l
khng ph hp. Chng ti xut ch
s dng chun ti liu PDF (Portable
Document Format) lu tr v trao
i ti liu in t ton vn gia cc h
thng tin hc vi cc u im nh sau:
1. Ti liu PDF c th c hnh
thnh t cc ti liu doc mt
cch kh d dng, gi nguyn
nh dng nh ti liu gc. Ngoi
ra cc ti liu do qut cc vn bn
nh cc hnh nh s ho cng c
th lu tr di dng PDF.
2. Ti liu PDF khng th thay i,
nht l nhng vn bn, ti liu do
s ho vn bn bng giy c cha
cc bt tch, ch k, con du,
3. S dng cc ti liu s ho PDF,
chng ta khng cn c ngay
chun m ho ting Vit, do cc
ti liu c th c s ho t cc
vn bn in trn giy.
4. Ti liu PDF c th d dng c
v in ra t nhiu loi thit b:
PDA, my tnh IBM, MacIntosh,
h iu hnh Windows, Linux,
UNIX, vv...
Vi tin b ca cng ngh s ho
v lu tr ti liu hin nay, dung lng
ca cc ti liu c qut vo my v
s ho dng PDF l kh nh. Trn th
gii pht minh ra cng ngh tm
kim theo mu hnh nh (image search
engine) cho php ngi ta c th tm
kim ton vn trong nhng vn bn s
ho qut vo my tnh v lu tr dng
PDF m khng phi dng n nhn
dng (xem th d search inside the books
ti Amazon website).
Tm li, chng ti ngh chn
III. Phng thc trao i ti liu s
ho
cho s trao i cc ti liu s
ho dng PDF c thun tin v d
dng, nn km theo cc thng tin c
bn v ti liu nh: tn ti liu, tc
gi, ngy ban hnh, s hiu, ngun
gc, ni lu tr, cc thng tin vn tt
v ti liu, ch thch, v.v... Cc thng
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tin km theo ny c gi l cc thng tin
metadata v ti liu.
Trong b tiu chun quc gia ca
M, m t cc ti liu in t, t nm
2001 Chnh ph M chp nhn s dng
chun m t thng tin metadata d trn
ngn ng XML, k hiu chun l
ANSI/NISO Z.39.85-2001. Chun ny c
tn gi l Dublin Core Metadata Element
Set.
Dublin Core Metadata Element Set
gm c 15 trng chnh m t nhng
thng tin quan trng nht, thng gp v
chung nht trong phn loi, lu tr v
trao i ti liu in t. T cc trng
m t ny, ngi ta c th thm vo cc
trng dn xut m rng ty kh
nng m t ti liu ca Dublin Core
metadata.
Bn thn d liu metadata c th l
mt tp tin XML, c th c lu tr
trong mt h qun tr CSDL, tuy nhin
s dng ng mc ch, ngi ta yu cu
tp tin cha cc thng tin metadata v
ti liu phi c km theo ti liu ngay
khi bt u a ti liu vo lu tr, qun l
v trao i.
Sau y l m t mt qu trnh trao
i ti liu in t ton vn km theo
thng tin metadata m cc h thng x l
thng tin cn phi nhn bit v x l
Nhp liu bng tay: h thng phi
cho php ngi dng to lp v lu
tr cc thng tin metadata m t ti
liu bng tay khi bt u a ti liu
vo qun l v lu tr trong h thng
(chi tit v cc trng metadata ni
phn sau)
Nhp liu t ng: h thng phi
c kh nng t ng c cc
thng tin metadata c gi t bn
ngoi ti h thng v x l theo cch
thc ging nh cc thng tin ny
c ngi dng nhp bng tay
vo h thng. (chi tit v chun
mc trnh by thng tin metadata
ni phn sau)
Xut d liu metadata: h thng
phi c kh nng xut ra cc d
liu metadata theo chun mc
thng nht dng trao i vi
cc h thng khc, km theo ti
liu in t ton vn.
Phng thc trao i: ti liu
in t ton vn v cc thng tin
metadata km theo c khuyn
co ch s dng web service. Tuy
nhin h thng phi c kh nng
tip nhn cc ti liu v thng
tin metadata theo nhng cch
truyn thng, trc tuyn v
ngoi tuyn khc, nh trao i
tp tin qua CD-ROM, E- mail,
FTP, download t Net, v.v....
Khng khuyn co s dng cc
m hnh client/server, cc chun
trao i d liu trn mng phi
s dng cc phn mm c vit
ring, cc phng thc trao i
d liu trc tip t CSDL nh
nhn bn d liu (database
replication), ng b d liu
(database synchronization), cc
chun c th khc nh
Z.39.50, OAI harvest protocol,
vv....
IV. S dng Dublin Core Metadata
cho m t vn bn hnh chnh
Sau y l th d s dng chun
Dublin Core Metadata m t cc vn
bn v ang c s ho trn h
thng qun l vn bn ca Ban Qun
l cc d n CNTT ti a ch
http://itpmo.hochiminhcity.gov.vn
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