What is Speech?

Ideas, feelings, and

thoughts expressed orally
through a series of
complex muscle
movements in the head,
neck, chest, and
abdomen that produce
decodable sounds.
What is Language?
The expression of human
communication through
which knowledge and
behavior can be
experienced, explained, and
shared.
Based on systematic,
conventionally used signs,
sounds, or gestures that
convey understood
meanings within a group or
community.
Did You Know?
By the first grade roughly 5% of children have noticeable speech disorders.
Between 6 & 8 million individuals in the U.S. have some form of language impairment.
Under the IDEA definition, a speech or
language impairment is a communication
disorder such as stuttering, impaired
articulation, a language impairment, or
a voice impairment that adversely affects
a childs educational performance.
Speech Disorder
Children who have
trouble producing speech
sounds correctly
Children who hesitate or
stutter when talking
Children who have
difficulty putting sounds
and syllables together in
the correct order to form
words (Apraxia)
Language Disorder
Children who have
trouble understanding
what others say
(receptive language)
Children who have
difficulty sharing their
thoughts (expressive
language)
Children who have a
specific language
impairment (SLI)
Speech
Childhood Apraxia of
Speech
Dysarthria
Orofacial Myofunctional
Disorders
Speech Sound Disorders:
Articulation and
Phonological Processes
Stuttering
Voice

Language
Language-Based
Learning Disabilities
Preschool Language
Disorders
Selective Mutism


Medical & Developmental
Conditions
ADHD
Autism
Cleft Lip and Palate
Right Hemisphere Brain Injury
Traumatic Brain Injury

Communication
Frequently do not perform at
grade level and have difficulty
with tests

Struggle with reading

Have difficulty understanding
and expressing language

Misunderstand social cues

Avoid attending school

Show poor judgment


Language
Difficulty in learning to listen,
speak, read, or write

Have difficulty using language to
communicate, think, and learn

Exhibit problems in the
production, comprehension, and
awareness of language sounds,
syllables, words, sentences, and
conversation

Speech
Consult a speech language pathologist before planning assignments and activities.
Anticipate areas of difficulty and involve the student in problem-solving.
Provide assistance and positive reinforcement when the student shows the ability to do
something unaided.
Use a peer-buddy system when appropriate.
Language
Focus on interactive communication & use tactile and visual cues.
Have a speech therapist present language units to the entire class.
Be aware of the students functioning level in auditory skills, semantics, word recall,
syntax, phonology and pragmatics.
Work at the students pace.
Academics
& Behavior
Reduce unnecessary classroom noise.
Allow more time for the student to complete assignments and tests.
Have routines that the student can follow.
Use augmentative communication systems to ensure that nonverbal students and
students with severe physical disabilities have effective ways to communicate.
Ensure that the student has access to their communication system across all contexts, all
the time.
http://www.asha.org/

Activities to
encourage speech
and language
development:
http://www.asha.org/public/s
peech/development/Parent-
Stim-Activities.htm
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/

Directory of
Organizations:
http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/dire
ctory/

http://www.do2learn.com

Learning Strategies:
http://www.do2learn.com/dis
abilities/CharacteristicsAndS
trategies/SpeechLanguageI
mpairment_Strategies.html