International Journal of Mathematical Modeling, Simulation and Applications

ISSN: 0973-8355 Vol. 2. No. 4, 2009 pp. 484-489

Special Finsler Hypersurface Admitting
Concurrent Vector Field
*S.K. Narasimhamurthy, C.S. Bagewadi, S.T. Aveesh and Pradeep Kumar
Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Kuvempu University,
Jnana Sahyadri-577 451, Shimoga, Karnataka, India
*E-mail: nmurthysk@gmail.com
k8818k01 In lhis aor vo sludy lho sociaI IinsIor hyorsurfaco Iiko quasi-C-roducibIo, C-
roducibIo, Soni-C-roducibIo, Ch-rocurronl, I2-Iiko, I-roducibIo, S3-Iiko, h-isolroic, T-condilions
of IinsIor sacos and IinsIor hyorsurfaco of scaIar curvaluro adnilling concurronl voclor fioId.
Kcqucrds. IinsIor hyorsurfaco, concurronl voclor fioId, n-isolroic, C-roducibIo, soni-C-
roducibIo, C2-Iiko, P-roducibIo, P2-Iiko, T-condilion, S3-Iiko, Cn-rocurronl.
AMS Su|jcc| C|assifica|icn (2000). 53C6O
1. |k1800001|0k
Tho concol of concurronl voclor fioId on a Rionannian nanifoId had boon sludiod by S. Sasaki
and by K. Yano (|5j, |7j). Tho aulhor T. Tachibana |6j has sludiod lho concurronl voclor fioId in
IinsIor sacos. Iurlhor lho aulhors M. Malsunolo and K. Lguchi |2j havo discussod lho
concurronl voclor fioId in IinsIor sacos.
Tho lhoory of sociaI IinsIor sacos Iiko Quasi-C-roducibIo, C-roducibIo, Soni C-roducibIo,
Ch-rocurronl, I2-Iiko, I-roducibIo, S3-Iiko, h-isolroic, T-condilions of IinsIor sacos and lhoir
roorlios voro sludiod by M. Malsunolo and C. Shibala. Tho lhoory of subsacos
(hyorsurfacos) in gonoraI doonds lo a Iargo oxlonl on lho sludy of lho bohavior of curvos in
lhon. Tho aulhors C. M. Brovn (1968), Moor (1972), C. Shibala (198O), M. Malsunolo (1985), B.Y.
Chon (1973), C.S. Bagovadi (1982), L.M. AbalangoIo, Dragonir and S. Io|o (1988) havo sludiod
difforonl roorlios of subsacos of IinsIor, KahIor and Rionannian sacos.
Tho aulhor C.M. Brovn has ubIishod a aor~A sludy on lonsors vhich characlorizo
hyorsurfacos of a IinsIor saco. M. Kilayana |1j-IinsIor hyorsurfacos and nolric
lransfornalions. I.I. Singh - Iyorsurfacos of C-roducibIo IinsIor sacos, Tho aulhors S.K.
Narasinhanurlhy and C.S. Bagovadi havo sludiod and ubIishod lho foIIoving rosoarch aors:
Ch09.p65 4/27/10, 4:29 PM 484
S.K. Ncrcs|m|cmur:|,, C.S. ceucJ| , S.T. -tees| cnJ rcJee Kumcr "&#
1. InfinilosinaI C-confornaI nolions of sociaI IinsIor sacos (2OO3) -Tonsor.
2. C-confornaI sociaI IinsIor sacos adnilling a araIIoI voclor fioId (2OO4)-Tonsor.
In lhis aor vo oxlond lho sludy of sociaI IinsIor sacos adnilling concurronl voclor fioId
and oblainod sono rosuIls on sociaI IinsIor hyorsurfacos adnilling concurronl voclor fioId.
Tho lorninoIogy and nolalions aro roforood lo |3j and |4j.
2. P8fl|N|kk8|f8
Lol M
n
bo a n-dinonsionaI difforonliaI nanifoId and Iol |
n
= (M
n
, |) bo a IinsIor saco vilh
fundanonlaI funclion |(x, q) = (q = & x). Wo shaII inlroduco lho Carlan connoclion CG = (|
i
j|
, N
i
|
,
C
i
j|
,) in |
n
.
A langonl voclor fioId X of a IinsIor saco |
n
is concurronl vilh rosocl lo lho Carlan
connoclion, if |2j
X
i
|j
=
j
X
i
- N
n
j
&

|
X
i
+ X
n
|
i
nj
=
j
X
i
+ X
n
|
i
nj
= -d
i
j
(2.1)
X
i
|j
=
&

j
X
i
+ X
n
C
i
nj
= X
n
C
i
nj
= O (2.2)
aro salisfiod.
Lol |
n-1
le a hypersurface of a IinsIer space |
n
and dofino a voclor fioId X
a
= X
i
b
a
i
in |
n-1
.
Transecling (2.1) and (2.2) ly 8
a
i
8
j
b
, vo oblain
X
a
|jb
=
b
X
a
- N
d
b
&

d
X
a
+ X
d
|
a
db
=
b
X
a
+ X
d
|
a
db
= -d
a
b
(2.3)
X
a
|b
=
&

b
X
a
+ X
d
C
a
db
= X
d
C
a
db
= O (2.4)
vhoro
b
and
&

b
donolo arliaI difforonlialions by X
b
and Y
b
rosoclivoIy.
Wo gol lho foIIoving Ricci idonlilios in IinsIor hyorsurfaco |2j:
X
d
R
dabg
= O, (2.3a)
X
d
P
dabg
+ C
abg
= O, (2.4b)
X
d
S
dabg
= O, (2.5)
vhoro R
dabg
, P
dabg
and S
dabg
aro lho conononls of lho curvaluro lonsors of CG.
Sinco P
dabg
aro skov synnolric in d and a, vo havo fron (2.4)
X
a
C
abg
= O. (2.6)
Wo knov lho voII knovn idonlily,
P
nij|
= C
ij|||
- C
nj||i
+ C
nj r
C
r
i||O
- C
i j r
C
r
n||O
Conlracling alove equalion vilh 8
|ijk
abgd
, ve gel
P
dabg
= C
abg|d
- C
dbg|a
+ C
dbr
C
r
ag|O
- C
abr
C
r
dg|O
(2.7)
Ch09.p65 4/27/10, 4:29 PM 485
ln:ernc:|nc| lurnc| j Mc:|emc:|cc| MJe||n, S|mu|c:|n cnJ -||cc:|ns "&$
Subslilulo (2.7) in (2.4), vo gol
X
d
(P
dabg
= C
ab g|d
- C
db g|a
+ C
dbr
C
r
ag|O
- C
ab r
C
pd g|O
) + C
abg
= O
Wo knov lhal,
C
abg|d
= C
bgr
- C
r
ad|O
+ C
gar
C
r
bd|0
- C
abp
C
r
dg|O
- P
abgd
.
Conlracling abovo oqualion by X
a
lhon vo gol,
X
d
C
dbg | d
= O.
3. 8Pf0|kl I|k8lf8 hYPf8808Ik0f8 k0N|11|k0 00k0088fk1 Vf0108 I|fl0
Definition 3.1: A IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
(n > 2) is caIIod quaci-C-roducibIo, if lho lorsion
lonsor C
abg
is vrillon as
C
abg
= A
ab
C
g
- A
bg
C
a
+ A
g a
C
b
(3.1)
vhoro A
ab
is a synnolric IinsIor lonsor fioId salisfying A
a0
(A
ab
q
b
).
Conlracling (3.1) by X
a
X
b
and using (2.6), vo gol
X
a
X
b
A
ab
C
g
= O.
Thoroforo by Doickos lhooron vo slalo lho foIIoving:
Theorem 3.1: A quaci-C-roducibIo IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
(n > 2) adnilling a concurronl
voclor fioId is Rionannian, if X
a
X
b
A
ab
O.
Definition 3.2: A IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
(n > 2) is caIIod C-roducibIo, if il salisfios lho
oqualion
(n + 1)C
abg
= n
ab
C
g
+ n
bg
C
a
+ n
ga
C
b
. (3.2)
Conlracling (3.2) by X
a
X
b
and using (2.6), vo oblain
X
a
X
b
n
ab
C
g
= O.
fron Doickos lhooron vo slalo lho foIIoving:
Theorem 3.2: A C-roducibIo IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
(n > 2) adnilling a concurronl voclor fioId
is Rionannian.
Definition 3.3: A IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
(n > 2) vilh non-zoro Ionglh C

of lho lorsion voclor
C
a
is caIIod soni-C-roducibIo, if lho lorsion lonsor C
abg
is of lho forn
C
abg
= p(n
ab
C
g
+ n
bg
C
a
+ n
g a
C
b
)/(n + 1) + qC
a
C
b
C
g
/C
2
, (3.3)
vhere C
2
= g
ab
C
a
C
b
and p + q = 1.
A IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
(n > 2) vilh C
2
O is caIIod C
2
-IiIe, if lhe lorsion lensor C
abg
is
vrillon in lho forn
C
abg
= C
a
C
b
C
g
/C
2
.
Conlracling (3.3) ly X
a
X
b
and using (2.6), vo gol pC
g
= O. Thon vo oblain p = O bocauso of
C
2
O. In virluo of p + q = 1, vo havo q = 1. Thus vo slalo lho foIIoving lhooron:
Ch09.p65 4/27/10, 4:30 PM 486
S.K. Ncrcs|m|cmur:|,, C.S. ceucJ| , S.T. -tees| cnJ rcJee Kumcr "&%
Theorem 3.4: A soni-C-roducibIo IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
(n > 2) adnilling a concurronl voclor
fioId is C
2
-Iiko.
Definition 3.4: A IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
(n > 2) is caIIod C
n
-rocurronl, if lho lorsion lonsor
salisfios lho oqualion
C
abg|d
= C
abg
K
d
, (3.4)
Whoro K
d
is a covarianl voclor fioId.
Conlracling (3.4) by X
d
and using (2.9), vo havo
C
abg
X
d
K
d
= O.
Thoroforo by Doickos lhooron vo oblain lho foIIoving lhooron:
Theorem 3.4: A C
h
- recurrenl IinsIer hypersurface |
n-1
(n > 2) adnilling a concurronl voclor
fioId is Rionannian, if X
d
K
d
O.
Definition 3.5: A P2-Iiko IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
(n > 2) is characlorizod by
P
gabd
= K
g
C
abd
- K
a
C
dbg
, (3.5)
vhoro K
g
is a covarianl voclor fioId.
Conlracling (3.5) by X
g
and using (2.4) and (2.6), vo oblain
(X
g
K
g
+ 1)C
abd
= O.
Ionco by Doickos lhooron vo havo:
Theorem 3.5: A P2 - Iiko IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
(n > 2) adnilling a concurronl voclor fioId is
Rionannian, if (X
g
K
g
+ 1) O.
Definition 3.6: A Iandsborg saco is characlorizod by P
abd
. Iurlhor a IinsIor hyorsurfaco is
caIIod P - roducibIo, if lho lorsion lonsor P
abd
is vrillon as
P
abd
= (n
ab
P
d
+ n
bd
P
a
+ n
da
P
b
)/(n + 1), (3.6)
vhoro P
a
= P
ar
r
= C
a
.
Tho foIIoving oxrossion is voII knovn
P
abd
= C
abd
.
Conlracling (3.6) by X
a
X
b
and using (3.7) and (2.6), vo oblain
X
a
X
b
n
ab
C
d
= O (3.7)
vo gol, P
d
= O. Ionco vo havo
Theorem 3.6: A P-roducibIo IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
adnilling a concurronl voclor fioId is
Iandsborg saco.
Definition 3.7: A IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
(n > 3) is caIIod S3 - Iiko, if lho curvaluro lonsor S
gabd
is vrillon in lho forn
|
2
S
gabd
= S(n
gb
n
ad
- n
gd
n
ab
), (3.8)
vhoro lho scaIar curvaluro S is a funclion of osilion aIono.
Ch09.p65 4/27/10, 4:30 PM 487
ln:ernc:|nc| lurnc| j Mc:|emc:|cc| MJe||n, S|mu|c:|n cnJ -||cc:|ns "&&
Transocling (3.8) by X
g
g
ad
and using (2.5), (2.1O), vo gol S = O. Thoroforo vo havo lho
foIIoving:
Theorem 3.7: |f a S3-Iiko IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
(n > 3) adnils a concurronl voclor fioId, lhon
lho curvaluro lonsor S
gabd
vanishos.
Definition 3.8: A IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
(n > 2) is said lo bo n - isolroic, if lho curvaluro
lonsor R
gabd
is vrillon as
R
gabd
= K(g
gb
g
ad
- g
gd
g
ab
), (3.9)
vhoro K is a IinsIor scaIar.
Transvocling (3.9) by X
g
m
b
and using (2.3) and (2.11), vo oblain
K(m
2
g
ad
- m
a
X
d
) = O.
Iurlhor conlracling abovo by g
ad
, vo havo K = O, honco vo havo lho foIIoving:
Theorem 3.8: If a n-isolroic IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
(n > 2) adnils a concurronl voclor fioId,
lhon lho curvaluro lonsor S
gabd
vanishos.
Definition 3.9: A IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
is caIIed lo salisfy T-condilion, if lho conIoloIy
synnolric T-lonsor T
gabd
givon boIov vanishos idonlicaIIy
T
gabd
= |C
gab/d
+ |
g
C
abd
+ |
a
C
gbd
+ |
b
C
gad
+ |
d
C
gab
. (3.1O)
Conlracling abovo oqualion by X
g
and using (2.6), vo havo X
g
|
g
C
abd
= O. Bul X
g
|
g
O lhal
inIios C
abd
= O.
Ionco by Doickos lhooron vo havo lho foIIoving:
Theorem 3.9: If a IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
salisfying T-condilion adnils a concurronl voclor
fioId, lhon lho saco |
n-1
is Rienannian.
Definition 3.10: A IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
is caIIed lo salisfy generaIized T-condilion, if lho
conlraclod T-lonsor givon boIov vanishos
T
ab
= T
abr
lg
rl
= |C
a/b
+ |
a
C
b
+ |
b
C
a
, (3.11)
vhoro C
a
= C
abd
g
bd
boing lho lorsion voclor.
Conlracling (3.11) by X
a
and using (2.6), vo gol |
a
C
b
= O. Bul |
a
0, honco by Doickos
lhooron vo slalo lho foIIoving lhooron:
Theorem 3.10: If a IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
salisfying gonoraIizod T-condilion adnils a
concurronl voclor fioId, lhon lho saco |
n-1
is Rienannian.
We are concerned vilh a space of scaIar curvalure in BervaId's sense. Il is characlerized ly
lhe equalion
R
a0d
= R
abd
q
b
= |
2
KH
ad
(3.12)
r
R
abd
= n
ad
K
b
= n
ab
K
d
, K
j
= |
2

j
K/ 3 + |K|
j
, (3.13)
Ch09.p65 4/27/10, 4:30 PM 488
S.K. Ncrcs|m|cmur:|,, C.S. ceucJ| , S.T. -tees| cnJ rcJee Kumcr "&'
vhoro n
ad
lho anguIar nolric lonsor and scaIar curvaluro is K is a IinsIor scaIar fioId.
Conlracling (3.12) by X
a
and using (2.3) and (2.1O), vo oblain lho foIIoving roosilion:
Proposition 3.1: If a IinsIor hyorsurfaco |
n-1
of scaIar curvalure K adnils a concurronl voclor
fioId, lhon lho scaIar curvaluro K vanishos.
8fIf8fk0f8
1. M. Kilayana, IinsIor sacos adnilling araIIoI voclor fioId, BaIkan JournaI of Coonolry
and ils AIicalions, 3(1998), 29-36.
2. M. Malsunolo and K. Lguchi, IinsIor sacos adnilling a concurronl voclor fioId,
Tonsor, N.S., 28 (1974), 239-249.
3. M. Malsunolo, Ioundalions of IinsIor goonolry and sociaI IinsIor sacos, Kaisoisha
ross, Saikava, lsu, Jaan, 1986.
4. I. Rund, Tho difforonliaI goonolry of IinsIor sacos, Sringor-VorIag, BorIin, 1959.
5. S. Sasaki, n lho slrucluro of Rionannian sacos, vhoso grou of hoIonony fix a oinl or
a diroclion, Nion Sugaku Bulsuri Cakkaishi, 16 (1942), 193-2OO.
6. S. Tachibana, n IinsIor sacos vhich adnil a concurronl voclor fioId, Tonsor, N.S.,
1(195O), 1-5.
7. K. Yano, Sur Io araIIoIisno ol Ia concouranco dan Iosacos do Rionann, Iroc. In.
Acad. Jaan, 19(1943), 189-197.
Ch09.p65 4/27/10, 4:30 PM 489