By

Dr. Mohammad Saad Abdul-Majid

Resp.
REVISION
LECTURE



Bacterial infections of the
respiratory tract
Pneumonia
Inflammation of the parenchyma of the lungs
Strep. Pneumoniae: community acquired pneumonia
GBS: Pneumonia in infants
Droplet & Haematogenous
Nodular pneumonitis caused by Staphylococcal bacteremia
Lung abscess (aspiration pneumonia)
Sepsis
Meningitis
Fever
Productive cough
Tachypnea
Chest pain
Chest X-ray: consolidation
E.g.: Round pneumonia
Community acquired pneumonia: Ciprofloxacin
Infants: Ampicillin + gentamicin
Klebsiella pneumoniae: 3
rd
generation cephalosporins
Strep. Pneumoniae: pneumococcal vaccine
Haemophilus influenzae b: Hib vaccine
Atypical Pneumonia
walker pneumonia

Atypical organisms because they lack cell wall
Legionella Chlamydia
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
causes
Legionnaire's disease
GI symptoms
Gram-stained smears are
not useful in Legionella
Benign self-limited
disease
Multisystem organ failure
Acute respiratory distress
syndrome
50% of population +ve
Mild subacute illness
associated with adult-
onset asthma
Antibodies are
detected by
immunofluorescence
technique
school age children
associated with
retrosternal chest pain
NO GI symptoms
Rash, neurologic
symptoms, hematologic
abnormalities
Pertussis
Bordetella pertussis
The first stage is colonization
The organism can be recovered
Adherence mechanisms:
1. Filamentous hemagglutinin
2. Cell-bound pertussis toxin
The second or toxemic stage
Whooping cough
The organism rarely recovered
Erythromycin or azithromycin
useful to prevent spread
Erythromycin or azithromycin
is not useful
1. Catarrhal phase: the disease starts
with URI symptoms
2. Paroxysmal phase: paroxysmal
coughing over 3 to 6 weeks.
3. Convalescent phase: paroxysmal
coughing abates.
Repeated attacks of apnea in infants
Vaccination: DTP

GOOD LUCK
THANK YOU