Thiõt Kõ Hö Dén ®éng B NG T I: SV Thùc Hiön: Æng Hång Chuy N GV H Íng Dén: Nguyôn H I S N

n mn hc Chi tit My : Thit k h dn ng bng ti
Trang 3
Thit k h dn ng
bng ti
SV thc hin: ng Hng Chuyn
GV hng dn: Nguyn Hi Sn.
Yu cu thit k h dn ng bng ti vi cc s liu cho trc nh sau:

1. Lc ko bng ti:
F = 8867 N.
2. Vn tc bng ti:
v = 0.59 m/s.
3. ng knh tang:
D = 420 mm.
4. Thi hn phc v:
Lh = 15000 gi.
5. S ca lm vic:
soca = 1.
6. Gc nghing ng ni tm b truyn ngoi: = 00.
7. c tnh lm vic:
Va p nh.
Khi lng thit k:
1 Bn v lp hp gim tc kh A0.
1 Bn thuyt minh.
Yu cu v tin cng vic c th nh sau:
Tun 1:
Nhn , tnh ton ng hc.
Tun 2-5:
Tnh ton thit k cc b truyn v cc chi
tit khc.
Tun 6-10:
V nhp bn v lp hp gim tc.
Tun 10-11:
V hon thin bn v lp.
Tun 12-14:
Hon thin v np bn thuyt minh v bn
v lp.
Tun 15:
Chun b bo v.
Ti liu tham kho:
1. Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c kh Tp 1,2 Trnh Cht, L
Vn Uyn NXB GD 2001.
2. Dung sai v Lp ghp Ninh c Tn NXB GD 2004.
Sinh vin : ng Hng Chuyn.
Lp : My & Thit b Nhit Lnh 02 - K50
Trang 4
Chng I : Tnh ton ng hc

I. Ni dung:
1. Chn ng c.
2. Phn phi t s truyn.
3. Tnh cc thng s trn cc trc.
4. Lp bng kt qu.
II. Thc hin:
1. Chn ng c:
Ta c b truyn ngoi l b truyn xch, cn b truyn trong t trong hp gim tc
l b truyn trc vt - bnh vt.
F N .v m / s
.
Pt kW
Cng sut c ch trn trc tang ca bng ti l :
1000
8867 N .0,59 m / s
Thay s vo ta c Pt
5,23 kW
1000
Ta la chn s b hiu sut ca tng b truyn v cc ln :
i vi b truyn trong (trc vt bnh vt) : ta la chn
trc vt c s ren vt l 2 m bo khng mt mt qu
nhiu cng sut v kch thc b truyn khng qu cng
knh. Lc = 0,75 0,8. Ta chn
0,80 .
tvbv
i vi b truyn ngoi (b truyn xch): Do b truyn

xch c hiu sut rt cao, c bit l c bi trn v che
chn tt. Do b truyn ca h thng ny t bn ngoi
nn ta la chn hiu sut l
0,95.
xich
Ta coi nh khng mt mt cng sut trn khp ni t trc

ng c ra trc vt nn c th ly hiu sut trn khp ni
1.
l
khop noi
Hiu sut trn mi cp ln(gm 3 cp) l rt cao ta c

th la chn hiu sut trn mi cp l
0,99.
o lan
Hiu sut truyn cng sut t ng c ti bng ti l:
.
.3
.
0,80.0,95.0,993.1 0,74 .
tvbv xich o lan khop noi
P 5,23 kW
Cng sut yu cu ca ng c l: Pyc kW t
7,07 kW.
0,74
Do vy cng sut ca ng c P kW Pyc 7,07kW .
dc
Trang 5
Ta xc nh vn tc vng n(vng/pht) yu cu ca ng c nh sau:

La chn s b t s truyn ca b truyn trc vt- bnh vt trong hp gim
tc l: u 15 20 , m bo kch thc b truyn khng qu cng knh. i
1
vi b truyn xch t s truyn ly l: u 2 5 . Lc t s truyn ca c h
2
bng ti trn l u u .u 15 20 . 2 5 30 100 . C vn tc vng trn
sb
1 2
60.1000.v m / s 60.1000.0,59
tang l: n D v / phut
26,83 v / phut .
.D mm
.420
Do vy vn tc yu cu trn trc ca ng c l:
n yc usb .n D 30 100 .26,83 v / phut 804,90 2683 v / phut .
Nh vy ng c cn chn phi tho mn iu kin sau:
Pdc 7, 07kW
, Tra bng danh sch cc ng c in ta c
n
804,90
2683
v
/
phut
dc
loi ng c cn s dng l:
S hiu
ng c
Cng sut
(kW)
Vng quay
n(v/pht)
Khi lng
(kg)
ng knh trc
(mm)
4A132M4Y3
11
1458
93
38
2. Phn phi t s truyn:
n
1458
Ta c t s truyn ca c h bng ti lc ny l: u dc
54,34.
n D 26,83
Vi u u
54,34. Ta chn u
18 u
3,02.
.u
tvbv xich
tvbv
xich
Vy: T s truyn trn b truyn trc vt- bnh vt l : u
18.
tvbv
T s truyn trn b truyn xch l : u
3,02.
xich
3. Tnh cc thng s trn cc trc:
+ Vn tc vng quay trn trc ng c v trc vt (trc I) l:
n I n dc n truc vit 1458 v / phut .
+ Vn tc vng quay trn trc bnh vt v a xch 1 (trc II) l:
n
1458
n II n dia xich1 n banh vit truc vit
81 v / phut .
utv-bv
18
+ Vn tc vng quay trn trc a xch 2 v tang quay (trc III) l:
n
81
n III n dia xich2 ntang dia xich1
26,83 v / phut .
u xich
3,02
Trang 6
+ Cng sut PIII trn trc tang v trc a xch2 l: P Pt 5,23kW.

III
+ Cng sut PII trn trc a xch 1 v trc bnh vt l:
PIII
5,23
PII
5,56kW.
.
0,95.0,99
xich o lan
+ Cng sut PI trn trc vt l:
PII
5,56
PI
7,02kW.
0,80.0,99
tv-bv o lan
+ Cng sut Pc trn trc ng c l:
PII
7, 02
7,10kW.
Pdc
khop .o lan 1.0,99
+ Mmen xon Tdc trn trc ng c l:
9,55.106.P kW 9,55.106.7,10 kW
dc
46505,48 N.mm .
Tdc N.mm
1458 v / phut
n dc v / phut
+ Mmen xon TI trn trc vt l:
9,55.106.PI kW 9,55.106.7,02 kW
45981,48 N.mm .
TI N.mm
1458 v / phut
n I v / phut
+ Mmen xon TII trn trc bnh vt v trc a xch 1 l:
9,55.10 6.PII kW 9,55.10 6.5,56 kW
TII N.mm
655530,86 N.mm .
81 v / phut
n II v / phut
+ Mmen xon TIII trn trc bnh vt v trc a xch 1 l:
9,55.106.PIII kW 9,55.106.5,23 kW
TIII N.mm
1861591,50 N.mm .
26,83 v / phut
n III v / phut
4. Lp bng kt qu:
Trc
ng c
Thng s
T s truyn
Cng sut
(kW)
S vng quay
(v/pht)
Mmen xon
(N.mm)
Trc I
(Trc vt)
Trc III
Trc II
(Trc bnh vt) (Trc cng tc)
18
3,02
7,10
7,02
5,56
5,23
1458
1458
81
26,83
46505,48
45981,48
655530,86
1861591,50
Trang 7
Chng II
Tnh ton thit k cc b truyn
I. Ni dung:
1. Tnh ton thit k b truyn trong (trc vt bnh vt).
2. Tnh ton la chn, thit k b truyn ngoi (b truyn xch).
II. Thc hin:
1. Tnh ton thit k b truyn trc vt bnh vt:
1.1 La chn vt liu ch to trc vt v bnh vt:
Ta c vn tc trt dc rng s b l:
v t(sb) m / s 9,5.103.u. 3 Pbv .n 2bv 9,5.103.18. 3 5,56.812 5,67 m / s.
Vi vn tc trt v
5,67 5 m / s . Do vy ta c th s dng vt liu l ng
t(sb)
thanh thic km ch c mc l p 10 1 ch to bnh vt. Cc thng s ca
loi vt liu ny nh sau:
Vt liu bnh vt
Cch c
b[MPa]
ch[MPa]
p 10 1
Dng khun kim loi
260
150
Trc vt c ch to bng thp 45, ti b mt t cng 45 50 HRC, ren thn

khai, sau khi ct ren c mi.
1.2 Tnh ng sut cho php:
* Tnh ng sut tip xc cho php [H]:
Do bnh vt lm bng ng thanh thic km ch p 10 1 ta tnh gi tr ng
sut tip xc cho php nh sau: .K
H H0 HL
Vi 0,75 0,9 . , ta ly gi tr h s l 0,9 ng vi trng hp trc vt
H0
b
c thm Cacbon hoc ti t cng HRC > 45, mt ren c mi.
107
0,9. 0,9.260 234 MPa . V h s tui th K
8
.
H0
b
HL N
HE
4
T
Vi: N HE 60. 2i .n .t 60.81 v / phut .15000 h 7,29.107

2i 2i
T2max
K HL
107
7,29.107
. 0,78. Do vy H 234.0,78 182,52 MPa .
Trang 8
* Tnh ng sut un cho php [F]: .K ,

F F0 FL
i vi trc vt c thm Cacbon hoc ti t cng HRC > 45, mt ren c
mi th: F0 0,25b 0,08 ch 0,25.260 0,08.150 77 MPa .
106
9
V h s tui th K
.
FL
N FE
9
T
2i .n .t 60.81 v / phut .15000 h 72,9.106.

Vi: N
FE 60. T
2max 2i 2i
K FL 9
106
72,9.106
. 0,62. Do vy F 77.0,62 47,74 MPa .
* ng sut tip xc khi qu ti

H max 4.ch 4.150 600 MPa .
* ng sut un khi qu ti
F max 0,8.ch 0,8.150 120 MPa .
Nh vy ta c bng cc gi tr ng sut cho php nh sau:
ng sut cho php

H max

F max
Gi tr [MPa]
182,52
47,74
600
120
1.3 Tnh ton cc thng s hnh hc ca b truyn:

Vi t s truyn u tvbv 18. chn z1 2 z 2 u.z1 18.2 36.
Vi z 2 36 chn s b h s ng knh
sb
q 0,25 0,3 z 2 0, 25 0,3 .36 9 10,8. Ta chn q trong dy tiu
chun v ly gi tr q =10 (dy1).
Chn s b h s ti trng K H 1, 2
170 T .K
sb
3
. 2 H
Tnh s b khong cch trc: a w (z 2 q).
z .
q
2 H
Thay TII 655530,86 N.mm , H 182,52 MPa , ta c:
2 655530,86.1, 2
172, 40 mm .
.
10
36.182,52
sb
a w (36 10).3
170
Trang 9
sb
Ly a w 175 mm Modul dc ca trc vt m (hay modul ngang ca bnh vt)
sb
2.a w
2.175
sb
l: m
7, 60 mm . Ly Modul m theo dy tiu chun l

q z 2 10 36
m 8 mm . Do khong cch trc chnh xc gia trc vt v bnh vt lc ny l:
sb
a w 0,5.m.(q z 2 ) 0,5.8.(10 36) 184, 00 mm . Ly a w 185 mm
Do vy trc vt phi dch chnh vi h s dch chnh:
a
185
x w 0,5.(q z 2 ) x
0,5.(10 36) 0,125. Nh vy khi ch to
8
m
trc vt v bnh vt th cn phi dch chnh.
* Kim nghim v bn tip xc:
Ta c vn tc trt dc trn rng bnh vt i vi b truyn khng dch chnh
m.n tv
2
2 8.1458
2
2
l: Vt
. Z1 q
. 2 10 6,23 m / s .
19100
19100
Chn cp chnh xc 8 th vi vn tc trt Vt 6, 23 m / s tra bng ra ta c h

s ti trng ng K v 1,3. Do ti trng l khng i nn h s k n s phn b
ti trng khng u K 1 K H K .K v 1.1,3 1,3. Thay cc gi tr va
tm c ta c ng sut tip xc xut hin khi b truyn lm vic nh sau:
3
170 Z2 q T2 .K H
. Thay cc gi tr vo ta c:
H
.
.
Z2 a w
q
3
36 10 655530,86.1, 3
H
172,32 MPa H 182,52 MPa .
.
.
36 184
10
170
Do vy b truyn tho mn iu kin bn tip xc.

* Kim nghim v bn un:
Ta c gc vt l vi:
q
10
0
Cos
.
0, 98 11 28.
2
2
2
2
Z1 q
2 10
3
3
S rng tng ng Z v Z v / Cos 36 / 0, 98 38,25. Ly Z v 40 Tra
bng ra ta c h s dng rng bnh vt YF 1,55.
Khi z1 2 ly b 2 0, 75.da1 vi da1 m. q 2 8. 10 2 96 mm .

ly b 2 0, 75.da1 0, 75.96 72 mm ; d 2 m.Z 2 8.36 288 mm .
Trang 10
H s ti trng K F K H 1,3. Ta c ng sut un xut hin khi b truyn lm

1, 4.Tbv .YF .K F 1, 4.655530,86.1,55.1,3
vic nh sau: F
11,37 MPa .
72.288.8.0,98
b 2 .d2 .m.Cos
C F 11,37 MPa F 47, 74 MPa . Tho mn iu kin bn un.
1.4 Bng cc thng s hnh hc c bn ca b truyn nh sau:
Thng s
Khong cch trc
Gi tr
aw[mm]
185
Modul m [mm]
H s ng knh q
10
T s truyn thc utv-bv
18
S ren trc vt v s ren bnh vt Z1;

H s dch chnh bnh vt
Gc vt
Z2
Z1 = 2; Z2 = 36
0,125
11028
Chiu di phn ct ren ca trc vt
b1[mm]
b1 11 0, 06.Z 2 m 105,28 mm
110
Chiu rng bnh vt b2[mm]

Cc ng knh: +Vng chia d1, d2 [mm]
+ nh rng da1, da2 [mm]
+ y rng
df1, df2 [mm]
+ Ngoi bnh vt daM2 [mm]
72
d1 = 80;
da1 = 96;
df1 = 60,8;
d2 = 290
da2 = 304
df2 = 268,8
daM2 = 316
daM2 da2 1,5.m

1.5 Tnh ton din tch thot nhit cn thit ca hp gim tc:
Vi vt liu lm bnh vt lm ng thanh thic km ch v c vn tc trt dc rng
bnh vt v t 6,23 m / s tra bng ra ta c gc ma st gia trc vt v bnh vt
l: ' 1,33 , b truyn c gc vt l 11 28 . Ta c hiu sut ca b truyn lc
tg
tg110 28
ny l: 0, 95.
0, 95.
0,89.
tg '
tg 110 28 1,330
Din tch cn thit ca hp gim tc (phng n dng qut gi) l:
Trang 11
1000.Pbv . 1
0, 7.K t. . 1 0,3.K tq .. t t 0
Vi: Pbv 5,56 kW ; 0,89; =0,25; =t ck / Pi .t i / P 1 .

2 0
2 0
K t 8 17,5 W / m . C , ly K t 10 W / m . C .
2 0
K tq 29 W / m . C ng vi vn tc quay ca qut khong 1500(v/phut)

(ni trc tip qut vi ng c).
t d 90 0 C (nhit du cho php).
0
t 0 25 C (nhit khng kh mi trng lm vic). Thay cc gi tr vo ta

c: A
1000.5,56. 1 0,89
0, 7.10. 1 0,25 0,3.29 .1. 90 25
2
0,54 m .
1.6 Tnh ton lc tc dng khi n khp:

Cc thnh phn lc vng, lc dc trc v lc hng tm c phng v chiu
c xc nh qua v tr ca b truyn v chiu quay ca trc vt. Vi gc ma st
0
0
' 1,33 3 nn ta c th tnh ton cc thnh phn lc theo cng thc sau:
Fa1 Ft2 2T2 / d2
, thay T2 655530,86; d 2 288; =110 28

Ft1 Fa2 Ft2 .tg
Fr1 Fr2 Ft2 .tg.Cos

Fa1 Ft2 2.655530,86 / 288 4552,30 N .
Ta c: Ft1 Fa2 Ft2 .tg 4552,30.tg110 28 923, 42 N .
0
0
Fr1 Fr2 Ft2 .tg.Cos 4552,30.tg20 .Cos11 28 1623,84 N .
2. Tnh ton thit k b truyn ng xch:
2.1 Chn loi xch:
Chn xch l loi xch ng con ln v c bn mn cao hn, ch to xch con ln
khng phc tp v t bng xch rng.
2.2 Chn s rng a xch:
Do s rng a xch cng t, a b ng quay cng khng u, va p tng v mn
cng nhanh, mt khc s rng ln lm tng kch thc a xch v d gy tut nn
ta chn s rng a xch theo cc cng thc kinh nghim sau:
* S rng trn bnh ch ng: Z1 29 2.u xich 29 2.3, 02 22, 96.
Trang 12
Chn s rng Z1 25 (Chn s rng l l n khp vi s mt xch chn).

* S rng trn bnh b ng: Z 2 u xich .Z1 3, 02.25 75,5.
Chn s rng Z 2 75. (Chn s rng l l n khp vi s mt xch chn).
Z
75
Nh vy t s truyn thc lc ny l u xich 2
3.
Z1 25
2.3 Chn bc xch p[mm]:
* Cng sut tnh ton: Pt Pdia1 .K.K Z .K n ,
25 25
1, 00.
trong : Vi Z1 25 K z
Z1 25
50
chn n 01 50 v / phut K n
0,62.
81
H s s dng K K .K a .K 0 .K .K .K c , vi:
d
dc bt
+ H s ti trng ng K 1 (ti trng tnh, lm vic m).
d
+ H s k n nh hng ca khong cch trc a, ly a 30 50 p K a 1 .
+ H s k n nh hng ca gc ng ni tm 0 0 60 0 K 0 1.
+ H s k n kh nng iu chnh lc cng xch, b truyn c iu chnh bng
mt trong cc a xch nn K dc 1.
+ H s k n nh hng ca iu kin bi trn: b truyn lm vic trong mi
trng c bi, bi trn t yu cu nn K bt 1,3.
+ H s k n ch lm vic lin tc: B truyn lm vic mt ca nn K c 1.
Do vy h s s dng l: K K d .K a .K 0 .K dc .K bt .K c 1.1.1.1.1,3.1 1,3.
Cng sut tnh ton:

Pt Pdia1 .K.K Z .K n 5,56.1,3.1, 00.0, 62 4, 48 kW .
Tra bng ra ta c ng vi n 01 50 v / phut , tm c trc s ca cng sut

cho php P0 5,83 kW ln hn gi tr cng sut tnh ton Pt 4, 48 kW
ng vi bc xch p 31,75 mm .
Gi tr bc xch p 31,75 mm vn cn ln do ng knh a xch s kh
ln, b truyn cng knh nn ta chn xch l loi 2 dy, lc h s k n s
phn b ti trng khng u trn cc dy l K d 1, 7.
Trang 13
Nn cng sut tnh ton lc ny l:

Pt Pdia1 .K.K Z .K n / K d 5,56.1,3.1, 0.0, 62 / 1, 7 2,63 kW .
Tra bng ra ta c ng vi n 01 50 v / phut , tm c trc s ca cng sut cho

php P0 3, 2 kW ln hn gi tr cng sut tnh ton Pt 2, 63 kW ng vi
bc xch p 25, 4 mm .
2.4 Tnh ton khong cch trc a v s mt xch x:
sb
Chn khong cch trc s b a 30 50 p.

sb
chn a 40p 40.25, 4 1016 mm . T y ta tnh c s mt xch s b l:
2
sb
sb
2 sb , thay s vo ta
x 0,5. Z1 Z2 2a / p 0, 25. Z2 Z1 .p / .a
2
75
25
.25, 4
1016
sb
c: x 0,5. 25 75 2.
131,58. Ly x = 132
0,25.
2
25, 4
.1016
(ly s mt xch l chn n khp vi s rng xch l l).
Khong cch trc lc ny l:
a 0, 25p. x 0,5. Z1 Z 2
x 0,5. Z1 Z 2 2 Z 2 Z1 / 2
2
2
75 25
25 75
25 75
128
a 0, 25.25, 4. 132
2
2
2
2
a 994, 93 mm . xch khng qu cng ta gim a i mt lng l:

a 0, 003.a 0, 003.994, 93 2, 93 mm ly a 992, 0 mm . Do vy
khong cch trc chnh xc l: a 992, 0 mm . S mt xch l: x = 132.
25.81
Z .n
S ln va p: i 1 1
1, 02 i .
15.x 15.132
2.5 Kim nghim xch v bn:

m bo cho xch khng b ph hu do qu ti, h s an ton phi tho mn
iu kin sau: S Q / K t .Ft F0 Fv S

Tra bng s liu vi loi xch 2 dy tng ng vi bc xch l p 25, 4 mm ta
c ti trng ph hng Q 113, 4 kN , q m 5 kg / m .

Ly K t 1, 2 (ng vi ch lm vic trung bnh).
Trang 14
do lc vng Ft 1000Pdia 1 / v 1000.5,56 / 0,86 6465,12 N .

Vi vn tc n 01 50 v / phut , tra ra c S 7, 0.
2
2
Lc cng ph Fv do lc ly tm sinh ra: Fv q m .v 5.0,86 3, 70 N .
Vn tc xch v Z1.p.n1 / 60000 25.25, 4.81 / 60000 0,86 m / s ,
Lc cng ban u F0 k f .q m .a.g , ly k f 6 (ng vi b truyn nm ngang), gia

tc trng trng g 9,81 m / s2 , khong cch trc a 992 mm 0, 992 m .
F0 k f .q m .a.g 6.5.0,992.9,81 291,95 N .

Thay cc gi tr vo ta c:
3
S 113, 4.10 / 1, 2.6465,12 291, 95 3, 7 14, 08 S 7, 0. .
Do vy bn c bo m!...
2.6 Tnh ng knh a xch:
ng kch a bnh ch ng l:
d1 p / Sin / Z1 25, 4 / Sin / 25 202, 65 mm .

ng kch a bnh b ng l:
d2 p / Sin / Z 2 25, 4 / Sin / 75 606,55 mm .
2.7 Tnh lc tc dng ln trc:
7
Lc tc dng ln trc l: Fr 6.10 .Pdia1.K x / Z1.p.n1
Thay cc gi tr vo trong h s k n nh hng ca trng lng xch
K x 1,15 (do b truyn nm ngang), c:
7
Fr 6.10 .5,56.1,15 / 25.25, 4.81 7458, 74 N .
2.8 Bng kt qu tnh ton b truyn xch:
Thng s
Gi tr
Loi xch (2 dy)
Bc xch
p, [mm]
25,4
S mt xch
132
Khong cch trc
a, [mm]
992
S rng a xch
Z1; Z2
ng knh chia a xch
d, [mm]
d1= 202,65; d2= 606,55
Lc tc dng ln trc
Fr , [N]
7458,74
ng con ln
25; 75
Trang 15
Chng III
Tnh ton thit k trc
&
la chn khp ni v ln
I. Ni dung:
1. Tnh ton la chn khp ni trc n hi.
2. Tnh ton thit k cc trc.
3. Tnh ton la chn ln.
II. Thc hin:
1. Tnh ton la chn khp ni trc n hi:
Do khp ni trc c tiu chun ho, kch thc c tra trong bng ti liu
thit k, ph thuc vo tr s ca Mmen xon tnh ton Ttt , vi Ttt k.T .
Trong T l Mmen xon danh ngha T Tdc 46505, 48 N.mm .
V k l h s k n ch lm vic: k 1, 2 1,5 , ly k 1,3. Do Mmen
xon tnh ton l: Ttt k.T 1,3.46505, 48 60457,12 N.mm . Tra bng cc
thng s hnh hc ca khp c nh sau:
+ Kch thc c bn ca ni trc vng n hi:
T
[N.m]
d
[mm]
D
[mm]
d1
[mm]
D0
[mm]
nmax
[v/phut]
63
20
100
36
71
5700
+ Kch thc c bn ca vng n hi:

T
[N.m]
dc
[mm]
d1
[mm]
D2
[mm]
l
[mm]
l1
[mm]
l2
[mm]
l3
[mm]
h
[mm]
63
10
M8
15
42
20
10
15
1,5
Sau khi chn kch thc ni trc theo tr s Mmen xon tnh ton Ttt ta kim
nghim iu kin bn ca vng n hi v cht:
* iu kin sc bn dp ca vng n hi: d
Trang 16
2.k.T
d . Thay
Z.D 0 .d c .l3
2.1,3.46505, 48
1,89 d 2 4 MPa .
6.71.10.15
Do vy vng n hi ca khp ni sc bn dp.
cc gi tr vo ta c: d
* iu kin sc bn ca cht: u
k.T.l 0
u . Thay cc gi tr
0,1..d3c .D 0 .Z
1,3.46505, 48.42
59, 6 u 60 80 MPa .
3
0,1.10 .71.6
Do vy cht ca khp ni kh nng chu bn.
Khi trc lm vic th do s khng ng tm gia cc khp ni khi ch to
lm xut hin thnh phn phn lc trn khp c gi tr: FK 0,2 0,3 .Ft .
vo ta c: u
2.T
2.46505, 48
0, 25.
327,5 N .
ly FK 0, 25.Ft FK 0, 25.
D
71
0
2. Tnh ton v thit k trc:

2.1 La chn vt liu ch to trc:
Chn vt liu dng ch to tt c cc trc l nh nhau v l thp CT45, ti ci
thin c gii hn bn l b 600 MPa
2.2 Tnh s b ng knh v chiu di ca trc:
S phn tch lc nh hnh v:

8107,32
8107,32
FX[N]
FK[N]
327,50
1623,84
Fr [N]
923,42
Trc
III
4552,3
Fa [N]
4552,3
Trc
II
1623,84
923,42
Ft [N]
Trc I
Bng cc gi tr lc trn mi trc

Trang 17
Hp gim tc
Trc vt- Bnh vt

Trc II
Trc I
(Trc vt)
l22 = 0,5.(lm22 + b0) + k1 + k2 ;

l21 = 2.l22 ;
l23 = l22 + lc23.
L12 = -lc12 ; L11 = (0,9...1).daM2 ;

L13 = L11/2 ;
Vi daM2 - ng knh ngoi ca bnh vt.

Trang 18
Trang 19
* ng knh s b trc d1 v cc kch thc trn trc (I) nh sau:
T1
, vi 15 20 MPa , ly 20 MPa , thay
d1 3
0, 2.
45981, 48
T1 45981, 48 N.mm d1 3
22,56 mm .
0,2.20
Ly d1 25 mm , t ng knh s b ca trc (I), chn gn ng chiu rng
ln b 01 17 mm . Ta chn cc kch thc trn hnh nh sau:
+ Chiu di Moay na khp ni: L m13 1, 4 2,5 d1 , ly

L m13 2d1 2.25 50 mm .
+ L11 0, 9 1 daM2 , ly L11 1.daM2 1.316 316 mm .
+ L13 L11 / 2 316 / 2 158 mm .

+ Vi K 3 10 20 , ly K 3 15 mm .
+ Vi H n 15 20 , ly H n 15 mm .
+
L12 0,5. L m12 b 01 K3 H n 0,5. 50 17 15 15 63,5 mm .

* ng knh s b trc d2 v cc kch thc trn trc (II) nh sau:
d2 3
T2
, vi 15 20 MPa , ly 15 MPa , thay
0,2.
T2 655530, 86 N.mm d2 3
655530,86
60, 23 mm . Ly d2 65 mm ,
0, 2.15
t ng knh s b ca trc (I), chn gn ng chiu rng ln b 02 33 mm .
Trang 20
Ta chn cc kch thc trn hnh nh sau:
+ Chiu di Moay a xch 1: l m23 1, 2 1,5 d2 , ly

l m23 1, 4d2 1, 4.65 91 mm .
+ Chiu di Moay bnh vt: l m22 1, 2 1,8 d2 , ly
l m22 1, 6d2 1, 6.65 104 mm .
+ Vi k1 8 15, k 2 5 15 , ly k1 10 mm , k 2 10 mm .
+ Vi h n 15 20 , ly h n 15 mm .
+
l 22 0,5. l m22 b 02 k1 k 2 0,5. 104 33 10 10 88,5 mm .

+ l 21 2.l 22 2.88,5 177 mm .
+ l 23 l 21 0,5. l m23 b 02 h n k 3 , thay vo c

l 23 177 0,5. 91 33 15 15 269 mm .
* ng knh s b trc d3 trn trc (III) nh sau:
d3 3
T3
, vi 15 20 MPa , ly 15 MPa ,
0, 2.
thay T3 1861591,5 N.mm d3 3 1861591,5 / 0,2.15 84, 29 mm .
Trang 21
Ly d3 85 mm , t ng knh s b ca trc (III), chn gn ng chiu rng

ln b 03 41 mm .
2.3 Tnh chnh xc ng knh v chiu di trn mi on trc:
Trc I:
Gi s cc thnh phn phn lc trn cc trn trc (I) c chiu nh hnh v. Da
vo cc phng trnh cn bng lc v cn bng Mmen ta tnh c cc phn lc
nh sau:
+ Trong mt phng Oyz c:

80
Fa1 . Fr1.158 Fy1 . 158 158 0
M
0
2
Fy1
M
1623,84.158 4552,3.40
316
Fy0 . 158 158 Fa1 .
Fy0
1623,84.158 4552,3.40
316
235, 68 N .
80
2
Fr1.158 0
1388,16 N .
+ Trong mt phng Oxz c:

F .63,5 Ft1.158 Fx1 . 158 158 0
M
0 K
327,5.63,5 923, 42.158
527,52 N .
316
FK . 63,5 158 158 Fx0 . 158 158 Ft1 .158 0
Fx1
Fx0
923, 42.158 327,5.379,5
316
68, 40 N .
Trang 22
Do vy ta c s cc lc tc dng ln trc v cc biu Mmen Mx; MY v MZ

nh sau:
Ta tnh cc Mmen tng ng M td trn mi tit din (1-0); (1-1); (1-2) v (1-3)
2
2
2
da vo cng thc sau: M td M X M Y 0, 75.M Z . Vi vt liu dng ch to
trc l thp CT45, ti ci thin c gii hn bn l b 600 MPa , t ng knh
s b ca trc I l dI < 30mm nn tra ra ta c gi tr ng sut cho php

63 MPa .
Trang 23
Ta tnh c kch thc ti cc tit din trn da vo cng thc nh sau:
d3
M td
0,1.
. Kt qu cc gi tr Mmen Mx; MY v MZ cng vi Mmen tng
ng, ng knh l thuyt ti mi tit din trn trc I c cho trong bng sau:
MX
[N.mm]
MY
[N.mm]
MZ
[N.mm]
Mtd
[N.mm]
d
[mm]
Tit din (1-0)
45981,48
3982,13
8,58
Tit din (1-1)
20796,25
45981,48
44924,45
19,25
Tit din (1-2)
219329,28
31603,45
45981,48
225144,03
33
Tit din (1-3)
Xut pht t yu cu v bn, lp ghp v cng ngh ta chn ng knh cc

on trc nh sau:
d(10) 45 mm ; d(11) 50 mm ;

d(12) 55 mm ; d(13) 50 mm ;
T kt qu trn ta c kch thc ca trc nh sau:
Chn then trn mi ghp gia trc (I) vi khp ni:

Chiu di Moay Lm12 =50[mm], ng knh trc d = 45[mm].
Chn theo tiu chun ta c:
+ Loi then: Then bng, vt liu lm then l thp CT45.
+ b = 14[mm]; h = 9[mm]; t1 = 5,5[mm] v t2 = 3,8[mm].
+ Chiu di then: lt = (0,8 0,9).Lm12, ly lt = 0,85.Lm12 = 42,5[mm].
Ly lt = 45[mm].
Vi t tnh lm vic l va p nh, vt liu Moay l thp nn
d 100 MPa ; c 40 MPa .

Trang 24
Ta kim nghim iu kin bn dp v bn ct trn mi ghp then nh sau:

2.T
2.45981, 48
b
12,98 d 100 MPa .

45.45.
9
5,5
d.lt . h t1
2.T
2.45981, 48
b
3, 24 d 40 MPa .
d.l t .b
45.45.14
Nh vy: mi ghp then gia trc (I) ( trc c gn trc vt) vi khp ni n hi
m bo iu kin bn dp v iu kin bn ct.
Trc II:
Gi s cc thnh phn phn lc trn cc trn trc (II) c chiu nh hnh v.
Da vo cc phng trnh cn bng lc v cn bng Mmen ta tnh c cc phn
lc nh sau:
+ Trong mt phng Oyz c:
Fr2 .88,5 Fa2 .
Fy1
M
288
2
Fy1 . 88,5 88,5 0
1623,84.88,5 923, 42.144
177
Fy0 . 88,5 88,5 Fa2 .
Fy0
923, 42.144 1623,84.88,5

177
1563,18 N .
288
2
Fr2 .88,5 0
60, 66 N .
+ Trong mt phng Oxz c:

F .88,5 Fx1 . 88,5 88,5 FX . 88,5 88,5 92 0
M
0 t2
Fx1
4552,3.88,5 8107,32.269
177
14597, 44 N .
Trang 25
Fx0 . 88,5 88,5 Ft2 .88,5 FX .92 0
Fx0
8107,32.92 4552,3.88,5
177
1937,82 N .
Do vy ta c s cc lc tc dng ln trc v cc biu Mmen Mx; MY

v MZ nh sau:
Trang 26
Kt qu cc gi tr Mmen Mx; MY v MZ cng vi Mmen tng ng, ng

knh l thuyt ti mi tit din trn trc II c cho trong bng sau, vi ng knh
s b dII > 50mm nn ly 50 MPa :
MX
[N.mm]
MY
[N.mm]
MZ
[N.mm]
Mtd
[N.mm]
d
[mm]
Tit din (2-0)

Tit din (2-1)
138340,89 171497,07 655530,86 608966,32
Tit din (2-2)
Tit din (2-3)
49,57
745873,44 655530,86 937346,10

0
57,23
655530,86 567706,38
48,42
Xut pht t yu cu v bn, lp ghp v cng ngh ta chn ng knh cc

on trc nh sau:
d(20) 60 mm ; d(21) 65 mm ;
d(22) 60 mm ; d(23) 55 mm ;
T kt qu trn ta c kch thc ca trc nh sau:
Chn mi ghp then trn trc II ( trc c gn bnh vt):

* Ti mi ghp gia bnh vt v trc c:
Chiu di Moay l m22 104 mm ; ng knh trc d 65 mm .
Chn theo tiu chun:

+ b 20 mm ; h 12 mm ; t1 9 mm ; t 2 5, 4 mm .
+ Chiu di then ly bng l t 0,85.l m22 0,85.104 88, 4 mm .

Ly lt = 90[mm].
Trang 27
Tin hnh kim nghim then nh sau:

2.T
2.655530,86
b
74, 70 d 100 MPa .

65.90.
12
9
d.l t . h t1
2.T
2.655530,86
b
11, 20 d 40 MPa .
d.l t .b
65.90.20
Nh vy: mi ghp then gia trc (II) ( trc c gn bnh vt) vi bnh vt m bo
iu kin bn dp v iu kin bn ct.
* Ti mi ghp gia a xch (1) v trc c:
Chiu di Moay l m23 91 mm ; ng knh trc d 50 mm .
Chn theo tiu chun:

+ b 16 mm ; h 10 mm ; t1 6 mm ; t 2 4,3 mm .
+ Chiu di then ly bng l t 0,85.l m23 0,85.91 77,35 mm .

Ly lt = 80[mm].
Tin hnh kim nghim iu kin v bn dp v bn ct i vi then ta c:
2.T
2.655530,86
b
81, 94 d 100 MPa .

50.80.
10
d.l t . h t1
2.T
2.655530,86
b
20, 48 d 40 MPa .
d.l t .b
50.80.16
Nh vy: mi ghp then gia trc (II) ( trc c gn bnh vt) vi bnh vt m bo
iu kin bn dp v iu kin bn ct.
2.4 Tnh kim nghim trc v bn mi:

Khi xc nh ng knh trc nh trn ta cha xt ti mt s yu t nh hng n
bn mi ca trc, nh c tnh thay i ca chu k ng sut, s tp trung ng
sut, yu t kch thc, cht lng b mt...V vy sau khi xc nh xong kch
thc trc ta cn tnh kim nghim trc v bn mi trong c k n cc yu
t va nu. Ta chn trc II l trc ra ca hp gim tc tin hnh kim nghim.
Thc hin vic kim nghim ti cc tit din nguy him gm:
* Tit din lp bnh vt : (2-1).
* Tit din lp ln (1) : (2-2).
* Tit din lp a xch (1) : (2-3).
Tit din j ca trc tho mn iu kin bn khi iu kin sau c tho mn:
2
2
S j S j .S j / S j S j S .
Trang 28
Vi S l h s an ton cho php, ta ly S 1,5...2,5 .V S j , S j l cc h s

an ton khi ch xt ring ng sut php v ch xt ring ng sut tip ti tin din j.
1
1
S j
; S j
K dj .aj .mj
K dj .aj .mj
Vi thp CT45 c b 600 MPa ; 1 0, 463.b 0, 463.600 261, 6 MPa .
1 0,58. 1 0,58.261,6 151, 7 MPa . v 0, 05; 0.
Trc ca hp gim tc quay, ng sut un thay i theo chu k i xng, do :
aj M j / Wj ; mj 0. V trc quay mt chiu nn ng sut xon thay i theo
chu k mch ng nn mj aj Tj / 2.W0j , vi Wj v W0j l mmen chng
un v mmen chng xon.
Vi trc c 1 rnh then ta c:
2
2
3
3
.d j b.t1 . d j t1
.d j b.t1 . d j t1
Wj
; W0j
32
2.d j
16
2.d j
Chn kiu lp ghp: Cc ln c lp theo kiu k6, bnh ai v a xch lp kt
hp vi then theo k6. T kch thc ca then lp trn bnh ai v trn a xch ta c
bng tr s ca mmen chng un v mmen chng xon ng vi cc tit din
(2-1); (2-2) v (2-3) nh sau:
bxh
t1
W[mm3]
W0[mm3]
(2-1)
ng knh
trc
65 [mm]
20 x 12
22169,10
49580,34
(2-2)
60 [mm]
21205,75
42411,50
(2-3)
50 [mm]
16 x 10
10413,30
22685,13
Tit din
Cc h s K dj v K dj i vi cc tit din nguy him c tnh qua cc cng
thc sau: K dj K / K X 1 / K y ; K dj K / K X 1 / K y .
Trc c gia cng trn my tin, ti cc tit din nguy him yu cu t
Ra 2,5....0, 63m K X 1, 06. Khng dng cc phng php tng bn b mt
c K Y 1.
Ti cc tit din (2-1) v (2-3) c rnh then, khi gia cng dng dao phay
ngn. H s tp trung ng sut ti rnh then ng vi vt liu thp CT45 c
Trang 29
b 600 MPa l K 1,76; K 1,54. Tra h s kch thc v ng vi

ng knh ca cc tit din nguy him ta c:
+ Ti tit din (2-1) c d = 65[mm] : 0,76 ; 0, 73.
+ Ti tit din (2-3) c d = 50[mm] : 0,81 ; 0, 76.
+ Ti tit din (2-2) lp ln c d = 60[mm], lp kiu k6 nn tra ra ta c:
K / 2,52; K / 2, 03.
Ta c bng kt qu tnh h s an ton i vi cc tit din nguy him trn trc c
kim nghim (trc II) l:
Tit
d
din mm
K / do
K / do
Rnh
then
Lp
cng
Rnh
then
Lp
cng
K d
K d
2-1
65
2,32
2,52
2,11
2,03
2,58
2,17
10,2
4,84
4,37
2-2
60
2,52
2,03
2,58
2,09
2,88
9,40
2,75
2-3
50
2,17
2,06
2,03
1,64
2,23
2,09
Nh vy trc c kim nghim ti cc tit din nguy him u m bo an ton v

mi.
3. Tnh ton la chn ln:
3.1 Chn cho trc (I) trc c gn trc vt:
Do yu cu v kt cu, ch yu l do khi lm vic b truyn trc vt sinh nhit kh
ln lm cho vt liu lm trc vt b gin n, trnh xy ra hin tng gin n v
nhit lm cho cong vnh hay dn n gy trc ta thc hin kt cu gi trn
trc(I) theo s nh sau:
Trong gi (1) l bi mt dy v ti gi (0) ta s dng mt cp a

cn.
Tnh ton la chn bi mt dy ti gi (1):
Ta c lc tc dng ln gi (1) l:
2
2
2
2
Fr(1) FX1 FY1 527,52 235, 68 577, 77 N ; Fa(1) 0 N .
Trang 30
Chn s b theo ng knh ngng trc vi d = 50[mm], chn c c bit nh

va c cc thng s sau: C 16,5 kN ; C 0 13, 4 kN . Ta kim tra theo kh
nng ti ng:
Ti trng quy c l : Q = (XVFr+YFa)ktk
V: H s nh hng ca vng no quay; Vng trong quay V=1;
kt : H s nh hng nhit : kt =(108+0,4.)/150=(108+0,4.200)/150=1,12
k: H s nh hng ti trng ng k =1,7 (Ti trng va p va).
Lc dc trc ph do lc hng tm Fr gy ra l: Fs 0 N . Vi bi mt dy
th cc h s X v Y c gi tr l: X = 1; Y = 0.
Thay cc gi tr va xc nh c vo biu thc trn ta c ti trng quy c l:
Q 1.1.577,77 0.4552,3 1,12.1, 7 1100,10 N 1,10 kN .
1/ m
Kh nng ti ng ca l: C d Q.L
. Vi bi ta ly gi tr m 3.
6
Tui th cn thit l : L 60.10 .1458.15000 1312,2 Tr.Vong .
1/3
Thay vo ta c kh nng ti ng ca l: C d 1,1.1312, 2
12, 04 kN .
Ta nhn thy ti trng ng Cd nh hn so vi C cng khng nhiu nn va la
chn m bo v kh nng ti ng v khng gy tha qu nhiu dn n lng ph.
Do vy ta chp nhn la chn c kch thc nh trn.
Kim tra kh nng ti tnh ca nh sau: Q t X 0 .Fr Y0 .Fa .
Vi cc h s ti trng hng tm v dc trc tnh nh sau: X 0 0, 6; Y0 0,5.

Thay cc gi tr v c:
Q t 0, 6.577, 77 0,5.4552,3 2622,81 N 2, 63 kN .
Ti trng tnh Q t 2,63 kN C 0 . Nn chn tho mn. Do vy ta c kch

thc ca bi mt dy cn dng trn gi ca trc (I) nh sau:
K hiu
d[mm]
D[mm]
B[mm]
r[mm]
C[kN]
C0[kN]
110
50
80
16
1,5
16,5
13,4
Tnh ton la chn cp ln a cn ti gi (0):

Ta c lc hng tm tc dng ln gi ()) l:
2
2
Fr(1) 68, 4 1388,16 1389,84 N ;
Fa 4552,3 N .
S dng kt cu l hai a cn nh hnh v
Trang 31
nn trn mi ch chu mt phn lc hng tm l:

Fr Fr(1) / 2 1389,84 / 2 694, 92 N .
Ta tin hnh tnh ton v la chn cho mt .
Lc dc trc ph do lc hng tm Fr gy ra l: Fs 0,5.e.Fr , trong h s e
c tnh qua biu thc: e 1,5.tg , ly gc vt cn l 12 0
0
e 1,5.tg12 0,32 Fs1 0,5.0,32.694, 92 111,18 N .
Do vy tng lc dc trc tc dng ln l:
Fa Fa1 Fs1 4552,3 111,18 4663, 48 N .
Chn s b theo ng knh ngng trc vi d = 50[mm], chn c nh c cc

thng s sau: C 52, 90 kN ; C 0 40,60 kN . Ta kim tra theo kh nng ti
ng:
Ti trng quy c l : Qd = (XVFr+YFa)ktk
V: H s nh hng ca vng no quay; Vng trong quay V=1;
kt : H s nh hng nhit : kt =(108+0,4)/150=(108+0,4.200)/150=1,12
k: H s nh hng ti trng ng k =1,7 (Ti trng va p va).
F
4663, 48
6, 71 e , do vy X
xc nh cc h s X v Y ta xt t s: a
V.Fr 1.694, 92
X 0, 4.
v Y c tnh nh sau:
0
Y 0, 4.Cotg 0, 4.Cotg12 1,88.
Q d 1.0, 4.694, 92 1,88.4663, 48 .1,12.1, 7 17222,27 N 17,3 kN .
Kh nng ti ng ca l: C d Q.L1/ m . Vi a ta ly gi tr m 10 / 3 N .
6
Thay vo ta c kh nng ti ng ca l:
3/10
C d 17,3.1312, 2
149, 08 kN .
Ta nhn thy gi tr ca kh nng ti ng ln hn gp nhiu ln so vi kh nng
cho php ca . Thc hin vic tng c ln c ln nht l c trung rng ta cng
ch c: C 122, 0 kN ; C 0 108, 0 kN . Nh vy vi c ny vn cha m
bo kh nng ti ng, do bin php duy nht v cui cng l ta gim thi gian
lm vic ca xung, gim thi gian xung cn L h 7200 h . Do :
6
L 60.10 .1458.7200 629,86 Tr.Vong .
Thay vo ta c kh nng ti ng l:
3/10
C d 17, 3.629, 86
119, 62 kN C 122 kN .
Trang 32
Do vy ta la chn loi l:
tr a cn c trung rng c : C 122, 0 kN ; C 0 108, 0 kN .
Vi cc h s ti trng hng tm v dc trc tnh nh sau:

X 0 0,5.
, thay vo c:
0
Y
0,
22.Cotg
0,
22.Cotg12
1,
04.
Q t 0,5.694, 92 1, 04.4663, 48 5197, 48 N 5, 2 kN C 0 .

Nn chn tho mn. Do vy ta c kch thc ca a cn cn dng trn gi
ca trc (I) nh sau
K
hiu
7610
d
D D1 d1
B
C1
T
r
mm mm mm mm mm mm [mm] mm
50
110
86,5
78
40
34
42,25
3,0
r1
mm
1,0
(0)
C0
C
[kN] [kN]
11,17 122,0 108,0
3.2 Chn ln trn trc (II) trc c gn bnh vt:

Do yu cu v kt cu, vi mc ch va l , chn thnh phn lc dc trc
trn trc II nn ta thc hin kt cu gi trn trc II theo s nh sau:
Ti c gi (0) v (1) ta u s dng l loi a cn.

Tnh ton la chn a cn ti gi (0):
2
2
2
2
Fr(0) FX0 FY0 1937,82 60, 66 1938, 77 N ; Fa2 923, 42 N .
Lc dc trc ph do lc hng tm Fr(0) gy ra l: Fs 0,83.e.Fr , trong h s
e c tnh qua biu thc: e 1,5.tg , ly gc vt cn l 12

0
e 1,5.tg12 0,32 Fs0 0,83.0,32.1938,77 514,93 N .
Fa Fa2 Fs0 923,42 514,93 1438,35 N .
Trang 33
Chn s b theo ng knh ngng trc vi d = 60[mm], chn c nh c cc

thng s sau: C 72, 2 kN ; C 0 58, 4 kN .
Ta kim tra theo kh nng ti ng:

Ti trng quy c l : Qd = (XVFr+YFa)ktk
V = 1; kt = 1,12; k =1,7.
F
1438,35
0,74 e 0,32
V.Fr 1.694,92
X 0, 4.
Do vy X v Y c tnh nh sau:
0
Y 0, 4.Cotg 0, 4.Cotg12 1,88.
Q d 1.0,4.1938,77 1,88.1438,35 .1,12.1,7 6625,17 N 6,7 kN .
1/ m
Kh nng ti ng ca l: C d Q.L
. Vi a ta ly gi tr m 10 / 3 N .
6
3/10
C d 6,7.1312,2
57,73 kN C 72,2 kN . Do ta la chn loi ny

X 0 0,5.
, thay vo c:
0
Y0 0, 22.Cotg 0, 22.Cotg12 1, 04.
Q t 0,5.1938, 77 1, 04.1233, 62 2252,35 N 2,3 kN C 0 .

Nn chn tho mn.Ta c kch thc ca a cn cn dng trn gi (0) ca
trc (II) nh sau :
K
hiu
7212
D D1 d1
B
C1
T
r
d
60
110
94
83
22
19
23,75
2,5
r1
mm
(0)
0,8
15,33
C0
C
[kN] [kN]
72,2
58,4
Tnh ton la chn a cn ti gi (1) trn trc II:

2
2
2
2
Fr(1) FX1 FY1 1563,18 1469, 27 2145,3 N ; Fa2 4552,3 N .
Lc dc trc ph do lc hng tm Fr(0) gy ra l:
Fs 0,5.e.Fr 0,83.0,32.2145,3 569,80 N .
Trang 34

Fa Fa2 Fs1 923, 42 569,80 353,62 N .
S dng la chn vi ng knh ngng d = 60[mm] nh i vi ti gi (0)

ta c: C 72, 2 kN ; C 0 58, 4 kN .
Ta c ti trng quy c l: Qd = (XVFr+YFa)ktk , h s V = 1; kt = 1,12; k =1,7.

X 1.
F
353,62
0,16 e
V.Fr 1.2145,3
Y 0.
Q d 1.1.2145,3 0.353,62 .1,12.1,7 4084,65 N 4,1 kN .
Kh nng ti ng ca l: C Q.L1/ m . Vi a ta ly gi tr m 10 / 3 N .
d
6
3/10
C d 4,1.1312, 2
35,33 kN C 72, 2 kN . Do ta la chn loi ny

X 0 0,5.
, thay vo c:
0
Y
0,
22.Cotg
0,
22.Cotg12
1,
04.
0
Q t 0,5.2145,3 1,04.353,62 1440,41 N 1,5 kN C 0 . Do vy chn

tho mn.
Nh vy: Trn c hai gi (0) v (1) ca trc II trc c gn bnh vt, ta
u la chn cng mt loi a cn nh sau:
K
hiu
7212
D D1 d1
B
C1
T
r
d
60
110
94
83
22
19
23,75
2,5
r1
mm
(0)
0,8
15,33
C0
C
[kN] [kN]
72,2
58,4
-----------***------------
Trang 35
Chng IV
Tnh ton, la chn cc yu t v hp
&
cc chi tit khc
I. Ni dung:
1. Tnh ton cc yu t v hp.
2. Tnh ton np v cc lt.
3. Tnh ton kch thc ca nt thng hi.
4. Tnh ton kch thc ca nt tho du.
5. Tnh ton kch thc ca que thm du.
6. Tnh ton kch thc ca cht nh v.
II. Thc hin:
1. Tnh ton cc yu t v hp:
Ch tiu ca v hp gim tc l cng cao v khi lng nh.
Chn vt liu c v hp gim tc l gang xm c mc l GX 15- 32. Chn b
mt ghp np v thn i qua tm trc vic lp ghp c d dng.
Kt qu tnh ton cc yu t ca hp gim tc c cho trong bng s liu sau:
Tn gi
Biu thc tnh ton v kt qu
Chiu dy: Thn hp

Np hp 1
= 0,03.a + 3 =0,03.185 + 3 = 8,55 ly = 8,5mm

1 = 0,9. = 0,9.8,5 = 7,65mm, ly 1 = 7,5mm
Gn tng cng: Chiu dy e

Chiu cao h
dc
ng knh:
Bulng nn, d1
Bulng cnh , d2
Bulng ghp bch np v
thn, d3
Vt ghp np , d4
Vt ghp np ca thm, d5
e = (0,81)., ly e =1. = 8,5mm

h < 58, ly h = 50mm
Khong 20
d1 > 0,04.a + 10 = 0,04.185 + 10 = 17,4 ly d1 = 18mm
d2 = (0,7 0,8).d1, d2 = 12,6 14,4, ly d2 = 14mm
d3 = (0,8 0,9).d2, d3 = 11,2 12,6, ly d3 = 12mm
d4 = (0,6 0,7).d2, d4 = 8,4 9,8, ly d4 = 10mm
d5 = (0,5 0,6).d2, d5 = 7,0 8,4, ly d5 = 8,0mm
Mt bch ghp np v thn:

Chiu dy bch thn hp, S3 S3 = (1,4 1,8).d3, S3 = 16,8 21,6, ly S3 = 20mm
Chiu dy bch np hp, S4
S4 = (0,9 1,0).S3, S4 = 18,0 20,0, ly S4 = 20mm
B rng bch np v thn, K3 K = K (3 5), vi K = nn ly K = mm
3
2
2
3
Mt hp:
Chiu dy: khi khng c
S1 = (1,31,5)d1=(1,31,5).18=23,427 ly S1 = 27mm
phn li S1
B rng mt hp: K1 v q
Khe h gia cc chi tit:
Gia bnh vt vi thnh
trong hp
Gia nh bnh vt vi y
hp
Gia mt bn cc bnh vt
vi nhau
S lng bulng nn Z
Trang 36
K1 3d1=3.18=54mm ly K1 = 60mm
q=K1 + 2=60 + 2.8,5 = 77 mm ly q = 90mm
(11,2) = (11,2).8,5 = 8,5 10,2 ly = 10mm.
1 (35) = (35).8,5 = 25,5 42,5 ly 1 = 65mm
2 ly 2 = 10mm.
4
2. Tnh ton np v cc lt:

Ta c bng cc gi tr kch thc ca np nh sau:
D
D2
D3
h
d4
Z
Trc I (Trc Vt)

Np pha cn
Np pha bi
45
50
150
100
170
125
10
12
10
10
4
4
Trc II(Trc bnh vt)

C 2 np 2 pha
50
120
150
15
10
6
Kch thc ca cc lt nh trn hnh v vi = 1 = 2 = 8mm
Trang 37
3. Tnh ton kch thc ca nt thng hi:

Khi lm vic, nhit trong hp tng ln. gim p sut v iu ho
khng kh bn trong v bn ngoi hp, ta dng nt thng hi.
Nt thng hi c lp v
tr cao nht ca np hp. Ta
la chn nt thng hi kiu
M27 x 2 c cc thng s
kch thc hnh hc nh sau:
Bng cc gi tr kch
thc ca nt thng hi:
A
M27x2
C D E G H
K L
15
30
15
45
36
32
10
22
32
18
36
32
4. Tnh ton kch thc ca nt tho du:

Sau mt thi gian lm vic, du bi trn cha trong hp b bn(do bi bm v do
ht mi), hoc b bin cht, do cn phi thay du mi. tho du c, y hp
c l tho du. Lc lm vic, l c bt kn bng nt tho du. Kt cu v kch
thc ca nt tho du c dng
nh sau:
Cc gi tr kch thc ca
nt tho du cho trong bng kt qu nh sau:
d
M27 x 2
b
18
m
12
f
4
L
34
c
3,5
q
24
D
38
S
27
D0
31,2
Trang 38
5. Tnh ton kch thc ca que thm du:

kim tra mc du cn li trong hp gim tc ta s dng que thm du c
kt cu v kch thc hnh hc nh sau:
6. Tnh ton kch thc ca cht nh v:

Cht nh v l chi tit dng m bo v tr tng i ca np v thn trc v
sau khi gia cng cng nh khi lp ghp. y ta dng hai cht nh v hnh cn,
c lp vo l theo kiu lp cng.
Trang 39
Chng V
Bi trn hp gim tc
&
la chn cc kiu lp
I. Ni dung:
1. Bi trn hp gim tc.
2. La chn cc kiu lp ghp cc chi tit trong hp gim tc.
II. Thc hin:
1. Bi trn hp gim tc:
gim mt mt cng sut v ma st, gim mi mn rng,
m bo thot nhit tt v phng cc chi tit b han g cn
phi bi trn lin tc cc chi tit bn trong hp gim tc.
Phng php bi trn hp gim tc:
Theo nh tnh ton trn vn tc vng ca trc vt l 5,67[m/s] < 10[m/s]
nn ta dng phng php bi trn l ngm b truyn trc vt- bnh vt trong du.
V trc vt t di nn mc du y c chn sao cho du phi ngp ren
trc vt nhng khng c vt qu ng ngang tm con ln di cng.
Du bi trn hp gim tc:
Trc ht ta cn la chn nht ca du bi trn hp gim tc.
Theo bng 18 12 vi c tnh lm vic va , vn tc trt v < 10m/s ta la chn
nht ca ca du l:
T ta tra bng cc loi du ta chn c loi du bi trn t my
ko AK 20.
Bi trn ln:
i vi cc ln ta thc hin bi trn nh k bng m.
2. Lp ghp v dung sai:

2.1 Chn cp chnh xc ch to:
Cp chnh xc ch to ca trc l: 6.
Cp chnh xc ch to ca bnh vt: 7.
Cp chnh xc ca cc ln: 0.
2.2 Chn kiu lp:
Bnh vt, vng trong ln, cc lt, khp ni lp ln
trc theo h thng l vi kiu lp trung gian.
Vng ngoi ln ln trc theo h thng trc theo
kiu lp trung gian.
Trang 40
2.3 Bng thng k cc kiu lp, tr s ca sai lch gii hn v

dung sai cc kiu lp:
Kiu lp
Dung sai
Tr s sai lch
gii hn [m]
Khp ni lp trn trc I
45k6
+2...+18
+2...+18
Bnh vt lp trn trc II
65H7/k6
0...+30/+2...+21
-21...+28
a xch lp ln trc II
55k6
+2...+21
+2...+21
Vng trong cn lp ln trc I
50k6
+2...+18
+2...+18
Vng ngoi cn lp ln trc I
110H7
0...+35
0...+35
Vng trong bi lp ln trc I
50k6
+2...+18
+2...+18
Vng ngoi bi lp ln trc I
80H7
0...+30
0...+30
Vng trong cn lp ln trc II
60k6
+2...+21
+2+21
Vng ngoi cn lp ln trc II
100H7
0...+35
0...+35
126H7/h6
0+40/+2+18
-18+38
Np ln trc I lp vi v
80H7
0+30
0+30
Np ln trc II lp vi v
100H7
0+35
0+35
Cnh khuy du lp vi trc I
50D8/k6
+80+119/+2+18
+62+117
Bc chn lp ln trc I
45F8/k6
+25...+64/+2+18
+7+62
Bc chn lp ln trc II
55F8/k6
+30...+76/+2+21
+9+74
Bc chn lp ln trc II
60F8/k6
+30...+76/+2+21
+9+74
Mi ghp
Cc lt lp ln v
---Ht---
Trang 41
Ti liu tham kho:

1. Trnh Cht, L Vn Uyn Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c kh.
Tp1, 2. NXB Gio dc, H ni 2001.
2. Nguyn Trng Hip Chi tit my. Tp 1, 2. NXB Gio dc, H ni
1994.
3. Ninh c Tn Dung sai v lp ghp. NXB Gio dc, Hni 2004.
4. ...
Trang 42
Mc lc
Chng I: Tnh ton ng hc................................................................... 4
1. Chn ng c ..................................................................................... 4
2. Phn phi t s truyn ........................................................................ 5
3. Tnh ton cc thng s trn cc trc ................................................... 5
4. Bng kt qu....................................................................................... 6
Chng II: Tnh ton thit k cc b truyn ............................................ 7
1. Tnh ton thit k b truyn trc vt bnh vt ................................... 7
1.1 La chn vt liu ch to trc vt v bnh vt.............................. 7
1.2 Tnh ng sut cho php .............................................................. 7
1.3 Tnh ton cc thng s hnh hc ca b truyn........................... 8
1.4 Bng cc thng s hnh hc c bn ca b truyn .................... 10
1.5 Tnh ton din tch thot nhit cn thit ca hp gim tc........ 10
1.6 Tnh ton lc tc dng khi n khp .......................................... 11
2. Tnh ton thit k b truyn ng xch ............................................. 11
2.1 Chn loi xch.......................................................................... 11
2.2 Chn s rng a xch .............................................................. 11
2.3 Chn bc xch........................................................................ 12
2.4 Tnh ton khong cch trc a v s mt xch x ......................... 13
2.5 Kim nghim xch v bn.................................................... 13
2.6 Tnh ng knh a xch ......................................................... 14
2.7 Tnh lc tc dng ln trc......................................................... 14
2.8 Bng kt qu tnh ton b truyn xch ...................................... 14
Chng III: Tnh ton thit k trc & la chn khp ni v ln ....... 15
1. Tnh ton lac chn khp ni trc n hi........................................ 15
2. Tnh ton v thit k trc.................................................................. 16
2.1 La chn vt liu ch to trc .................................................. 16
2.2 Tnh s b ng knh v chiu di ca trc ............................ 16
2.3 Tnh chnh xc ng knh v chiu di trn mi on trc ..... 21
2.4 Tnh kim nghim trc v bn mi...................................... 27
3. Tnh ton la chn ln ................................................................... 29
3.1 Chn cho trc I trc c gn trc vt .................................... 29
3.2 Chn cho trc II trc c gn bnh vt.................................. 32
Chng IV: Tnh ton, la chn cc yu t v hp & cc chi tit khc 35
1. Tnh ton cc yu t v hp.............................................................. 35
2. Tnh ton np v cc lt................................................................. 36
3. Tnh ton kch thc ca nt thng hi............................................. 37
4. Tnh ton kch thc ca nt tho du .............................................. 37
5. Tnh ton kch thc ca que thm du ............................................ 38
Trang 43
6. Tnh ton kch thc ca cht nh v............................................... 38

Chng V: Bi trn hp gim tc v la chn cc kiu lp ................... 39
1. Bi trn hp gim tc ....................................................................... 39
2. Lp ghp v dung sai........................................................................ 39
Ti liu tham kho ................................................................................... 41
Mc lc ..................................................................................................... 42
All right reserved, Copyright by ng Hng Chuyn

Lp : My & Thit b Nhit Lnh 02 K50
MSSV: 20050314
Hni, thng 11 nm 2008

Thiõt Kõ Hö Dén ®éng B NG T I: SV Thùc Hiön: Æng Hång Chuy N GV H Íng Dén: Nguyôn H I S N

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Thiõt Kõ Hö Dén ®éng B NG T I: SV Thùc Hiön: Æng Hång Chuy N GV H Íng Dén: Nguyôn H I S N

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n mn hc Chi tit My : Thit k h dn ng bng ti

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n mn hc Chi tit My : Thit k h dn ng bng ti

Chng I : Tnh ton ng hc

i vi b truyn ngoi (b truyn xch): Do b truyn

Ta coi nh khng mt mt cng sut trn khp ni t trc

Hiu sut trn mi cp ln(gm 3 cp) l rt cao ta c

Hiu sut truyn cng sut t ng c ti bng ti l:

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n mn hc Chi tit My : Thit k h dn ng bng ti

Ta xc nh vn tc vng n(vng/pht) yu cu ca ng c nh sau:

2. Phn phi t s truyn:

Lp : My & Thit b Nhit Lnh 02 - K50

n mn hc Chi tit My : Thit k h dn ng bng ti

+ Cng sut PIII trn trc tang v trc a xch2 l: P Pt 5,23kW.

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n mn hc Chi tit My : Thit k h dn ng bng ti

Dng khun kim loi

Trc vt c ch to bng thp 45, ti b mt t cng 45 50 HRC, ren thn

Vi: N HE 60. 2i .n .t 60.81 v / phut .15000 h 7,29.107

. 0,78. Do vy H 234.0,78 182,52 MPa .

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n mn hc Chi tit My : Thit k h dn ng bng ti

* Tnh ng sut un cho php [F]: .K ,

2i .n .t 60.81 v / phut .15000 h 72,9.106.

. 0,62. Do vy F 77.0,62 47,74 MPa .

* ng sut tip xc khi qu ti

1.3 Tnh ton cc thng s hnh hc ca b truyn:

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n mn hc Chi tit My : Thit k h dn ng bng ti

7, 60 mm . Ly Modul m theo dy tiu chun l

Chn cp chnh xc 8 th vi vn tc trt Vt 6, 23 m / s tra bng ra ta c h

Do vy b truyn tho mn iu kin bn tip xc.

Khi z1 2 ly b 2 0, 75.da1 vi da1 m. q 2 8. 10 2 96 mm .

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n mn hc Chi tit My : Thit k h dn ng bng ti

H s ti trng K F K H 1,3. Ta c ng sut un xut hin khi b truyn lm

T s truyn thc utv-bv

S ren trc vt v s ren bnh vt Z1;

Chiu di phn ct ren ca trc vt

Chiu rng bnh vt b2[mm]

daM2 da2 1,5.m

l: ' 1,33 , b truyn c gc vt l 11 28 . Ta c hiu sut ca b truyn lc

Din tch cn thit ca hp gim tc (phng n dng qut gi) l:

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n mn hc Chi tit My : Thit k h dn ng bng ti

Vi: Pbv 5,56 kW ; 0,89; =0,25; =t ck / Pi .t i / P 1 .

K tq 29 W / m . C ng vi vn tc quay ca qut khong 1500(v/phut)

t 0 25 C (nhit khng kh mi trng lm vic). Thay cc gi tr vo ta

0, 7.10. 1 0,25 0,3.29 .1. 90 25

1.6 Tnh ton lc tc dng khi n khp:

Fa1 Ft2 2T2 / d2

, thay T2 655530,86; d 2 288; =110 28

Fr1 Fr2 Ft2 .tg.Cos

Ta c: Ft1 Fa2 Ft2 .tg 4552,30.tg110 28 923, 42 N .