What is Fiber optic

Fiber optis is a method of transmitting information from one

place to another by sending pulses of light through an optical
Fiber. The light forms an electromagnetic carrier
wave that modulated to carry information.
Creating the optical signal involving the use of a transmitter,
relaying the signal along the fiber, ensuring that the signal
does not become too distorted or weak, receiving the optical
signal, and converting it into an electrical signal

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BENEFITS OF FIBER OPTICS

Long-distance signal transmission
Large bandwidth, light weight, and small
diameter
Nonconductivity
Security
Designed for future applications needs




TYPES OF FIBER

Three basic types of fiber optic cable are used in
communication systems:
1. Step-index multimode
2, Step-index single mode
3, Graded-index

Step-index multimode fiber has an index of refraction profile
that steps from low to high to low as measured from
cladding to core to cladding. Stepindex multimode fiber is
used in applications that require high bandwidth (< 1 GHz)
over relatively short distances (< 3 km) such as a local area
network or a campus network backbone.
Single-mode step-index fiber allows for only one path, or
mode, for light to travel within the fiber. In a multimode step-
index fiber, the number of modes can be approximated by
normalized frequency.
Graded-index fiber is a compromise between the large core
diameter and N.A. of multimode fiber and the higher
bandwidth of single-mode fiber.