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Settlement and Consolidation, 1-25-00
Settlement and Consolidation, 1-25-00
Settlement and Consolidation, 1-25-00
e
AH
e
V
V
+
1 1
Com'ining and rearranging gi+es
e
e
AH
eV A V
o
+
1
o
e
e
H
+
1
Compression inde3 !c 8 slope of the e-log p c,r+e:
,
_
,
_
o
o
c
p
p p
e
p
p
e e
!
log log
1
2
2 1
,
_
+
+
o
o
o
c
p
p p
e
H !
log
1
7or thic( cla-, more acc,rate to di+ide m,ltiple la-ers
Consider depth to 2B for s/,are fo,ndation 0B3B1 or %B for strip fo,ndations
0B3A1, B is the .idth
Compression +s" S.ell :nde3
normall- consolidated cla-s 0pc 8 po B p"
( ) ( )
( )
,
_
+
+
i o
i i o
o
i c
p
p p
e
H !
log
1
o+erconsolidated cla- 0pc po B p1 ,se the S.ell :nde3 0!s1
,
_
+
+
o
o
o
s
p
p p
e
H !
log
1
;<*E: ,se of !c +ice !s is conser+ati+e
most marine soils are o+erconsolidated - sedimentation increases the s,rcharge on
the soil, ',t s,'se/,ent erosion remo+es m,ch of the load
,nderconsolidated cla- 0pc po B p1 0R2RE C<;#:*:<;1
,
_
+
+
+
,
_
c
o
o
c
o
c
o
p
p p
e
H !
p
p
e
H !
log
1
log
1
0partiall- on 'oth c,r+es1
:f the e-log p plot is (no.n, can simpl- find e o+er the appropriate range of
press,res and ,se
o
e
e
H
+
1
0.or(s for all conditions1
Good
conditionC
Compression inde3 determination
1" Graphicall- from la'orator- e-log p plot, ,se D+irgin compression c,r+eD 0i"e"
straight line portion of the c,r+e1
2" Rendon-&errero 01$E61
6E " 2
2 " 1
1
1%1 " 0
,
_
s
o
s c
#
e
# !
6" ;agara and !,rt- 01$E51
( )
s c
#
$$
!
1
]
1
100
F
26%6 " 0
S.ell :nde3G determined from la' tests, generall-
! !
! ! !
5
1
10
1
to
*ime Rate of Consolidation
#eri+ation ass,mptions
1" &omogeneo,s cla--.ater s-stem
2" Sat,rated
6" Hater and soil grains are incompressi'le
%" 7lo. of .ater is ,nidirectional and in the direction of consolidation
5" #arc-4s la. ass,med - i% v , v 8 discharge +elocit-, % 8 coeff of
permea'ilit-, i 8 h-dra,lic gradient,
$ h i
2&
dr
cla-
sand
sand
>
h 8 ,I
.
p
d3
d-
d>
+
>
d3d-
J+
>
B 0d+
>
Id>1d>Kd3d-
Jrate of .ater o,tflo.K - Jrate of .ater inflo.K 8 Jrate of change of +ol,meK
restrict flo. to +ertical 0>1 direction 0ass,mption %1
t
V
d&d' v d&d' d(
(
v
v
(
(
(
,
_
+
t
V
d&d'd(
(
v
(
since
h u
w
com'ining gi+es
t
V
d&d'd( (
u %
w
1
2
2
d,ring settlement
( )
t
e
e
d&d'd(
t
eV V
t
V
t
V
o
v
1
, since 0
t
V
and
o o
e
d&d'd(
e
V
V
+
1 1
t
e
e (
u %
o w
1
1
2
2
ass,me that the decrease in +oid ratio is proportional to the increase in effecti+e stress 0or
the decrease in pore press,re1
u a e
v
, av 8 coeff" of compressi'ilit-
define the coeff" of +ol,me compressi'ilit-
o
v
v
e
a
)
+
1
t
u
)
(
u %
v
w
2
2
, define coeff" of consolidation
v w
v
)
%
c
t
u
c
(
u
v
2
2
,
sol+ing gi+es a time factor
2
dr
v
v
H
t c
*
estimate )v from e-log p plot at appropriate press,res,
p
e
e
)
av
v
1
1
,
2
2 1
e e
e
av
+
/
!
"
"
Si+aram M S.amee 01$LL1 empirical relationship for @ 0degree of settlement1 from 0-100F
1L$ " 0
E " 2
%
1
%
100
F
1
1
]
1
,
_
v
v
*
*
+
and
65L " 0
= " 5
2
100
F
1
100
F
%
1
1
]
1
,
_
,
_
,
_
+
+
*
v