Bird flu (avian flu)

Cm Gia cm
Dch cm gia cm l mt cn bnh truyn nhim do virus ly lan gia cc loi gia
cm . Trong trng hp him hoi n c th nh hng n con ngi.
C rt nhiu loi cm gia cm , hu ht trong s l v hi i vi con ngi .
Tuy nhin, hai loi tr thnh mi quan tm nghim trng trong nhng nm
gn y . l vi-rt H5N1 ( t nm 1997 ) v H7N9 ( k t 2013) .
Mc d nhng loi virus ny khng d dng ly nhim sang ngi v thng
khng ly truyn t ngi sang ngi , trn ton th gii mt vi trng hp b
ly nhim dn n t vong .
Virus cm gia cm khc (c bit l H7N7 v H9N2 ) cng ly nhim sang
ngi , nhng him khi gy bnh nng.
Dch cm gia cm nh hng n nhiu loi gia cm, bao gm g, vt, g ty v
ngng . N c th nhim qua gia cc loi gia cm do giao thng , hoang d v
vt nui . Khng phi ch gia cm m mi nhim bnh, v vy gia cm dng nh
khe mnh vn c th gy nguy him cho nhng ngi tip xc vi chng.
Cc du hiu v triu chng
Nh cc loi cm khc, cc triu chng cm gia cm thng bao gm nhit cao,
au nhc bp tht , nhc u v cc triu chng h hp nh ho hay s mi. Hu ht
nhng ngi trong tnh trng ny vn h hp tr nn nng hn nhanh chng.
Tiu chy, nn ma, au bng, au ngc, v chy mu t mi v nu cng
c ghi chp l triu chng ban u mt s ngi.
Ch trong vi ngy , bin chng gy t vong nh hi chng suy h hp cp v suy
a c quan c th pht trin .
C cc triu chng ging nh bnh cm gia cm khng c ngha l bn b nhim
cm gia cm , tr khi gn bn tip xc vi gia cm ti mt khu vc dch
c bo trc.
Tm hiu thm v cc triu chng ca bnh cm gia cm v s chn on dch cm
gia cm.
Trng hp ngi
T chc Y t Th gii (WHO ) xc nhn rng vo thng By nm 2013, 633
ngi b nhim virus H5N1 v 377 cht. Nhng trng hp ny xy ra
Azerbaijan , Bangladesh, Campuchia , Trung Quc , Djibouti, Ai Cp , Indonesia ,
Iraq, Lo, Myanmar, Nigeria, Pakistan, Thi Lan , Th Nh K v Vit Nam.
Indonesia, Ai Cp v Vit Nam c nhiu trng hp mc v t vong nht.
K t thng Ba nm 2013, c bo co v nhng ngi b nhim virus H7N9
min ng Trung Quc . Vo thng By nm 2013, c 134 trng hp b nhim
v 43 trng hp t vong .
Hu ht cc trng hp l nhng ngi trung nin n ngi ln tui . Ngoi tr
mt ngi, khch i du lch n i Loan trong khi b nhim bnh, cha c bo
co v ngi nhim bn ngoi Trung Quc i lc .
i vi c hai loi virus, c mt s bo co v hn ch ly truyn t ngi sang
ngi, thng kt qu l do s tip xc gn gi gia cc thnh vin gia nh.
Nhng ngi nhim dch cm gia cm ni chung b nhim virus do sau khi tip
xc gn gi v lu di vi gia cm nhim bnh . Hng triu gia cm b git trong
cc v dch ngn chn bnh ly lan v c ngi dn thng qua.
Dch cm gia cm ly sang ngi nh th no
Dch cm gia cm ly lan qua tip xc trc tip vi gia cm nhim bnh ( sng hay
cht ) , phn mt con gia cm b nhim bnh , hoc tit ra t i mt ca chng
hoc ng h hp.
Gn gi v tip xc ko di vi gia cm b nhim thng l nguyn nhn ly sang
ngi ngi. V d:
chm vo gia cm b nhim cht hoc cn sng
ht phi hoc khi tip xc vi bi kh t phn hoc b ging cm chung tri
gia cm nhim bnh
ht phi hoc khi tip xc vi virus t gia cm qua ng h hp ca gia cm
nhim bnh
tiu hu, git m, git m gia cm nhim bnh hoc chun b nu n
Dch cm gia cm khng ly truyn qua thc n nu chn. Gia cm v trng an
ton n ti khu vc tri qua s bng pht ca dch cm gia cm.
C rt t bo co v dch cm gia cm ly nhim t ngi sang ngi.
c thm v cch dch cm gia cm ly lan sang ngi.
Ngn chn dch cm gia cm
Mc d rt kh ngn chn s ly lan ca dch cm gia cm gia loi gia cm, c
mt s iu bn c th lm gim thiu ri ro ca bn khi bn vo cc khu vc
dch c bo trc, chng hn nh:
trnh ti thm trc tip cc vng ng vt v cc trang tri gia cm
trnh tip xc vi cc vng t b nhim vi phn gia cm
khng nhn hoc chm vo gia cm (sng hay cht)
khng n hoc x l gia cm sng, trng vt hoc cc mn n cha c nu chn
hoc
khng mang li bt k cc sn phm gia cm sng tr li Vng quc Anh, bao
gm lng
lun lun thc hnh v sinh c nhn, chng hn nh ra tay thng xuyn
Khng ngn cm v du lch vi cc nc hoc ang b nh hng bi dch cm
gia cm.
Tm hiu thm v vic ngn chn dch cm gia cm v iu tr cm gia cm
ngi.