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+2 TM 2014 PHY Answer Key
+2 TM 2014 PHY Answer Key
tp. vz;
1.
(m)
2.
(,)
3.
(M)
4.
(m)
5.
tpil
x2
16.
(M)
17.
(m)
vyf;l;uhd; fw;iw
18.
(,)
2 109 N
19.
(M)
10.2 eV
(M)
n2 : 1
20.
(m)
6.
(m)
105 T
21.
(m)
7.
(,)
22.
(<)
8.
(M)
0.25H
23.
(,)
INrhNlhd;fs;
9.
(m)
AC apy; kl;Lk;
24.
(M)
Ruhrhp MAl;fhyk;;
10.
(M)
Miw R+Nlw;wp
25.
(,)
931 MeV
11.
(m)
26.
(<)
12.
(M)
27.
(M)
2.0V
13
(m)
28.
(m)
14.
(m)
RUq;Fk;
29.
(,)
15.
(<)
Gl;guhfk;
30.
(M)
q
4
2mE
Rop
11
Na 24
gFjp - II
31. kpd; ,UKidapd; jpUg;Gj;jpwid tiuaW. mjd; myF ahJ?
kpd;,UKidapd; jpUg;Gj;jpwdpd; vz; kjpg;ghdJ VNjDk; xU kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd;
vz;kjpg;ggpid kpd;D}l;lq;fSf;fpilNaAs;s njhiytpdhy; ngUf;f fpilg;gjhFk;. P = q x 2d
,jd; myF Cm.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------32. 4 107 C
fzf;fpLf.
1
4 0
4 10 7
q
= 9 109
4 10 4 V .
9 10 2
r
35. kpd;tpsf;F xd;W 240V kpd;dOj;jj;jpy; nray;gLk;. mjd; kpd;Ndhl;lk; 0.5A vdpy; tpsf;fpd;
kpd;jiliaf; fzf;fpLf.
V 240
jfty;: V= 240V, I = 0.5A, jPHT: V = IR, R
480
I
0.5
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------36. ngy;baH Fzfk; tiuaW.
,uz;L ntt;Ntwhd cNyhfq;fs; nfhz;l re;jpapy; xU Mk;gpaH kpd;Ndhl;lk; xU
tpdhb Neuj;jpy; (1 $Yk;) ghAk;NghJ ntsptplg;gLk; my;yJ cl;ftUk; Mw;wypd; msT
ngy;baH Fzfk; vdg;gLk;. ,jid vdf; Fwpf;fyhk;. ,jd; myF Nthy;l; MFk;. H = It.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------37. kpd;fhe;jj; J}z;ly; gw;wpa nyd;]; tpjpiaf; $Wf.
xU Rw;wpy; J}z;lg;gl;l kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpd; jpir vg;NghJk; mij cUthf;f fhuzkhf
,Ue;j fhe;jg;gha khw;wj;ij vjpHf;Fk; tifapy; mikAk;. e = - d
dt
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------38. 200 Rw;WfisAk; 0.04m2 FWf;Fg; gug;gsitAk; nfhz;Ls;s fk;gpr;RUs; topNa nry;Yk;
fhe;jg;Gyk; 0.02 tpehbapy; 0.1wbm-2 ypUe;J 0.04wbm-2 Mf khWfpwJ vdpy; mjpy; J}z;lg;gLk;
kpd;dpaf;F tpiriaf; fzf;fpLf.
jfty;: N = 200, A = 0.04m-2, B1 = 0.1wbm-2, B2 = 0.04wbm-2, t = 0.02s.
d
NBA = NA dB = NA B2 B1 = -200 x 4 x 10-2 x 0.04 02.1 = 24V.
dt
dt
dt
2 10
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------39. Gw Cjhf; fjpHfspd; gad;fs; ahit?
(1) ghf;Bhpahf;fis mopg;gjw;Fk; kw;Wk; kUj;Jt cgf fuzq;fspy; cs;s Ez;ZapH
fpUkpf;fisf; nfhy;yTk; gad;gLfpd;wd.
(2) Nghyp gj;jpuq;fis fz;lwpaTk;
(3) czTg; nghUs;fs; nflhky; ghJfhf;f.
(4) mZtpd; fl;likg;igf; fz;lwpag; gad;gLfpd;wd.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------40. KO mf vjpnuhspg;G Vw;glj; Njitahd epge;jidfis vOJf.
(1) xsp mlHTkpF Clfj;jpypUe;J mlHTf; Fiw Clfj;jpw;Fr; nry;y Ntz;Lk;.
(2) gL Nfhz kjpg;G mlHT kpF Clfj;Jf;Fs; khWepiyf; Nfhzj;ijtpl mjpfkhf mika
Ntz;Lk;. mjhtJ i >c.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------41. nkd; X fjpHfs; td; X fjpHfs; NtWgLj;Jf.
jPHT: e
nkd; X- fjpH
td; X- fjpH
1.7 107 ms 1
3
B 2 10
J.
Mahesh,
M.Sc.,
B.Ed.,
M.Phil.,
P.G.
Teacher
in
Physics,
GBHSS, Poigai, Vellore Dist.- 632114
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
jPHT: B = 2 x 10-3T,
43.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
F A B
. A C
F A BC
gFjp III
51. C1, C2 kw;Wk; C3 vd;w kpd;Njf;Fj; jpwd;fs; nfhz;l %d;W kpd;Njf;fpfs; njhlhpizg;gpy;
,izf;fg;gLk;NghJ tpisAk; njhFgad; kpd;Njf;Fj;jpwDf;fhd Nfhitiag; ngWf.
glj;jpy; fhl;bAs;sthW C1 C2 kw;Wk; C3 vd;w %d;W
kpd;Njf;fpfs; njhlhpizg;gpy; ,izf;fg;gl;bUg;gjhf; fUJNthk;.
njhlhpizg;gpy; kpd;Njf;fpfSf;fpilNa cUthFk; kpd;D}l;lk;
(q) rkkhfTk; kpd;dOj;jk; khWgl;Lk; mikAk;.
V1 V2 kw;Wk; V3 vd;gd KiwNa %d;W kpd;Njf;fpfSf;F
,ilNaahd kpd;dOj;jk; vd;f.
njhFgad; kpd;dOj;jk; V = V1 +V2 + V3
Xt;nthU kpd;Njf;fpapd; ,ilNa cUthFk; kpd;Oj;jk; V1 q
V
C1
,V2 q
C2
,V3 q
C3
1
1
1
q
q
q
= q
C1 C 2 C3
C1 C 2 C3
1
q
1
1
1
1
1
1
q
Cs
C s C1 C 2 c3
C1 C 2 C3
vdNt gy kpd;Njf;fpfs; njhlhpizg;gpy; cs;sNghJ njhFgad; kjpg;gpd; jiyfPopahdJ
jdpj;jdp kpd;Njf;Fj; jpwd;fspd; jiyfPo; kjpg;Gfspd; $l;Lj; njhiff;F rkkhFk;.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------52. Nldpay; kpd;fyj;jpd; nray;ghl;bidg; glj;Jld; tpsf;Ff.
Nldpay; kpd;fyd; ePz;l Neuj;jpw;F epiyahd
kpd;Ndhl;lj;ij nrYj;j ,ayhj Kjd;ik kpd;fyd; MFk;.
jhkpug; ghj;jpuj;jpDs; njtpl;ba jhkpu ry;/Ngl; fiury;
vLj;Jf; nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ. Ez;Jisg; ghz;lk; xd;wpDs;
cs;s ePHj;j fe;jf mkpyj;jpy; Jj;jehfj; jz;L
itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. Ez;Jisg; ghz;lk; jhkpu ry;/Ngl;
fiurypDs; itf;fg;gl;bUf;Fk;. Jj;jehfj; jz;L fe;jf
mkpyj;Jld; tpidGhpe;J Zn++ madpfisAk; ,U vyf;lu; hd;fisAk; jUk;.
Zn++ madpfs; Ez;Jisg; ghz;lj;jpy; cs;s Jisfspd; topNa nrd;W jhkpu ry;/Ngl;
fiurYld; tpidGhpe;J Cu++ madpfis cUthFk;. ,e;j Cu++ madpfs; NeHkpd;thahd
jhkpug; ghj;jpuj;jpy; gbAk;. Nldpay; kpd;fyd; kpd;Rw;wpy; ,izf;fg;gLk;NghJ. Jj;jehfj;
jz;bypUe;J ,U vyf;l;uhd;fs; Rw;wpd; topNar; nrd;W jhkpuj;jpy; cs;s jhkpu madpfis
eLepiyahf;Fk;. ,jdhy; jhkpuj;jpy; ,Ue;J Jj;jehfj;jpw;F kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk;. Nldpay;
kpd;fyd; 1.08V kpd;dpaf;F tpiriaj; jUk;.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------53. kpd;dOj;j khdpiaf; nfhz;L ,U kpd;fyd;fspd; kpd;dpaf;F tpirfs; vt;thW
xg;gplg;gLfpd;wd?
glj;jpy; fhl;bathW kpd;dOj;jkhdpf; fk;gp AB MdJ kpd;fy
(Bt) rhtp (K) kpdjil khw;wp (Rh) Mfpatw;Wld; njhluhf
,izf;fg; gl;Ls;sJ. ,J Kjd;ikr; Rw;whFk;.
kpd;dOj;jkhdpapd; A Kid DPDT rhtpapd; ika Kid C
cld; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. rhtpapd; kw;nwhU Kid D cld;
fhy;tdhkPl;lH (G) caH kpd;jil (HR) njhLNfhy; (J) Mfpait
njhluhf ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
DPDT rhtpapd;
C1 D1M.Phil.,
KidfSf;
F ,ilNa
E1 kpdGBHSS,
;dpaf;F Poigai,
tpr nfhz;
l kpd;
fyDk;
C2
J. Mahesh,
M.Sc., B.Ed.,
P.G. Teacher
in Physics,
Vellore
Dist.632114
V=
q
MFk;.
Cs
rkd;ghLfs; (1)
E1 Irl1 l1
E 2 Irl2 l 2
xU kpd;fydpd; kpd;dpaf;F tpir (E1) njhpe;j kjpg;GilaJ vdpy; kw;nwhU kpd;fydpd;
kpd;dpaf;F tpiria (E2).
E2
E1l 2
l1
2aBh
tan ;
0 n
tan
0 nI
2aBh
4 3.14 10 7 5 4 20
;
2 30 10 2 4 10 5
60
0 NI
l
0 NIA
xU Rw;Wf;fhd fhe;hg;ghak; =
0 NIA
l
x N (1)
LI
0 N 2 IA
0 N 2 A
l
l
fk;gpr; RUspd; cs;sfk; vd;w fhe;j cl;GF jpwd; nfhz;l nghUshy; epug;gg;gLfpwJ vdpy;
L
N 2 A
l
56. epA+l;ld; tisaq;fs; Nrhjid xd;wpy; 20-tJ fUik tisaj;jpd; tpl;lk; 5.82mm kw;Wk;
10-tJ fUik tisaj;jpd; tpl;lk; 3.36mm vd mstplg;gLfpwJ. jl;lf; Ftpnyd;rpd; tisT
Muk; 1m vdpy; xspapd; miy ePsj;ijf; fzf;fpLf.
jfty; : D20 = 5.82mm = 5.82 x 10-3m, D10 = 3.36mm = 3.36 x 10-3m, R = 1m, = ?
J. Mahesh, M.Sc., B.Ed., M.Phil., P.G. Teacher in Physics, GBHSS, Poigai, Vellore Dist.- 632114
Dm2 n Dn2
rm2n rn2
5.82 10 3 3.36 10 3
jPHT:
(or)
4mR
4 10 1
mR
40
9.18 2.46 10 6
5645.7 10 10 m 5645 A
40
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------57. Giof;fjpHfspd; gz;Gfspy; vitNaDk; Ie;jpid vOJf.
(1) kpd;Nghf;Ff; FohapYs;s thAtpd; NeHkpd; madpfNs Giof; fjpHfshFk;.
(2) kpd;Gyk; fhe;jg;Gyj;jhy; Giof;fjpHfs; tpyf;fg;gLk;. ,tw;wpd; tpyfy; Nfj;NjhLf;fjpHfspd;
tpyfYf;F vjpH jpirapy; cs;sJ.
(3) Giof;fjpHfs; NeHf;Nfhl;by; nry;fpd;wd.
(4) Giof;fjpHfs; Nfj;NjhLf;fjpHf;fistplf; Fiwe;j jpirNtfj;jpy; nry;Yk;.
(5) Giof;fjpHfs; Gifg;glj;jfLfisg; ghjpf;Fk;. (6) Giof;fjpHfs; xspHjiy cz;lhf;Fk;.
(7) ,it thAf;fis madpahfFk;.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------58. xspkpd; tpistpw;fhd Id;];Bd; rkd;ghl;ilj; jUtp.
Id;];Bd; $w;Wg;gb gLfjpHtPr;rpd; xU /Nghl;lhDf;Fk; cNyhfj;jpy; cs;s xU
vyf;l;uhDf;Fk;
,ilNa
epfOk;
gpd;dpar;
nray;
tpistpdhy;
xsp
vyf;l;uhd;fs;
ckpog;gLfpd;wd.
h Mw;wy; nfhz;l xU /Nghl;lhd; cNyhfj;jpd; gug;gpy; NkhJk; NghJ mjd; Mw;wy;
,U topfspy; gad;gLfpwJ. gLfpd;w /Nghl;lhdpd; Mw;wypd; xU gFjp vyf;l;uhid
cNyhfj;jpd; gug;gpypUe;J ntspNaw;wg; gad;gLfpwJ. xspkpd; ntspNaw;w Mw;wy; vd;gJ
cNyhfj;jpd; gug;gpypUe;J xU vyf;lu; hid ntspNaw;wj; Njitahd rpWk Mw;wy; vd;gjhFk;.
Mw;wypd; vQ;rpa gFjp ntspNaWk; vyf;l;uhDf;F ,af;f Mw;wyhff; nfhLf;fg;gLk;.
vyf;l;uhdpd; epiw m vdTk; jpirNtfk; vdTk; nfhz;lhy;
1
h W mv 2 1
2
vyf;l;uhdpd; ngUk ,af;f Mw;wiyf; nfhLf;Fk; ngUkk; vd;gJ vyf;l;uhdpd; ngUkj;
1
jpirNtfk; vdpy; h W mv 2 max 2
2
,r;rkd;ghL Id;];Bd; xspkpd; tpistpw;fhd rkd;ghL MFk;.
gLfpd;w fjpHtPr;rpd; mjpHntz;zhdJ () cNyhfj;jpd; gad; njhf;f mjpHntz;zpw;Fr; (0)
h 0 W 3
1
h h 0 mv 2 max
2
h h 0
1 2
mv max
2
h 0
1 2
mv max 4
2
,J Id;];Bd; xspkpd; tpisT rkd;ghl;bd; kw;nwhU tbtk; MFk;.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------59. vyf;l;uhd; Ez;Nzhf;fpapd; gad;fs; kw;Wk; tuk;Gfis vOJf.
gad;fs;: (1) njhopw;rhiyfspy; E}ypiofspd; mikg;G cNyhf gug;Gfs; tz;zg;
G+r;Rfspd; Mf;ff; $Wfis mwpe;J nfhs;sTk; (2) kUj;Jtk; kw;Wk; caphpaypy; itu];
kw;Wk; ghf;Bhpahitg; gw;wp mwpaTk; (3) ,aw;gpaypy; mZ mikg;G kw;Wk; gbf mikg;Gfis
tpsf;fkhf mwpe;J nfhs;sg; gad;gLfpd;wJ.
J. Mahesh, M.Sc., B.Ed., M.Phil., P.G. Teacher in Physics, GBHSS, Poigai, Vellore Dist.- 632114
32 10 6
1 1018
6
19
200 10 1.6 10
(my;yJ)
njhy;nghUspay; $lj;jpy; ,Ue;J ngwg;gl;l xU vYk;Gj;Jz;L epkplj;jpw;F 15 rpijTfisj;
jUfpd;wJ. mNjNghd;w Gjpa vYk;G xd;W epkplj;jpw;F 19 rpijTfisj; jUfpd;wJ. khjphpapd;
taijf; fzf;fpLf; T1/2 = 5570 Mz;Lfs;.
jfty; : Gjpa khjphpapd; rpijT tpjk; N0 = 19 rpijTfs;/epkplk;
vYk;Gj; Jz;bd; rpijT tpjk; N = 15 rpijTfs;/epkplk;, T1 5570 Mz;Lfs;
2
khjphpapd; taJ t = ?
jPHT: N N 0 e t ;
0.6931
;
5570
15 = 19 e t ;
e t
19
5570
19
; t
2.3096 log10
15
0.6931
15
t = 1899 Mz;Lfs;.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------61. buhd;rp];lH xd;wpd; kpd;Ndhl;lg; ngUf;f vz;fshd kw;Wk; ,tw;wpw;fpilNaahd
njhlHgpidj; jUtp.
xU buhd;rp];lhpd; kpd;Ndhl;lg; ngUf;f vz; my;yJ
kpd;Ndhl;lg; ngUf;fk; vd;gJ ntspaPL
kpd;Ndhl;lj;jpw;Fk; cs;sPL kpd;Ndhl;lj;jjpw;Fkhd
jfT MFk;. kpd;Ndhl;lg; ngUf;fk; =
ntspaPL kpd;Ndhl;lk;/cs;sPL kpd;Ndhl;lk;
Ic I
IC
IB
MFk;.
IC
Ic
;
I E I B Ic
I B Ic I B
1
1
;
1 ;
1
1
Ic
Ic
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------J. Mahesh, M.Sc., B.Ed., M.Phil., P.G. Teacher in Physics, GBHSS, Poigai, Vellore Dist.- 632114
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------gFjp IV
63. thd;-b-fpuh/g; kpd;dpaw;wpapd; jj;Jtk; mikg;G kw;Wk; nray;gLk; tpjj;ij tpthp.
thd;-b-fpuh/g; kpd;dpaw;wpapd; %yk; 107V epWt ,aYk;.
jj;Jtk;: epiy kpd;J}z;ly; kw;Wk; $HKidr; nray;ghl;Lj; jj;Jtk;.
xU cs;sPlw;w cNyhf Nfhsk; A kpd; fhg;G ngw;w J}z;fs;
kPJ nghUj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. Nfhsj;jpd; ikaj;jpy; B vd;w fg;gpAk; kpd;fhg;Gj;
J}zpd; mbg;gFjpf;F mUfpy; C vd;w fg;gpAk; nghUj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. gl;Lj;
Jzpapyhd gl;il xd;W fg;gpfs; topNa nry;fpwJ. fg;gp C kpd;Nkhl;lhH
xd;wpd; %yk; njhlHe;J ,af;fg;gLfpwJ.
fg;gpfSf;F mUNf Vuhskhd $HKidfs; nfhz;l D kw;Wk;
E vd;w ,U rPg;G tbt fljjpfs; nghUj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. rPg;G D apd; NeHkpd;dOj;jk; 104V
vd;wstpy; ,Uf;FkhW kpd;jpwd; toq;fp nra;fpwJ. rPg;G E MdJ cs;sl
P w;w cNyhff;
Nfhsj;jpd; cl;Gwk; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.
rPg;G D f;F mUfpy; cs;s caH kpd;Gyj;jpdhy; $HKidr; nray;ghl;bd; fhuzkhf
fhw;W madpahf;fg;gLfpwJ. fhw;wpy; cs;s vjpH madpfs; $HKidfs; Nehf;fp efHfpd;wd.
NeH madpfs; gl;ilia xl;bf; nfhs;tjhy; Nky; Nehf;fpr; nrd;W rPg;G E ia neUq;FfpwJ.
epiy kpd;J}z;ly; jj;Jtj;jpd; tpisthf rPg;G E vjpH kpd;D}l;lk; ngWfpwJ. Nfhsk;
NeHkpd;D}l;lj;ijg; ngWfpwJ. ,k;kpd;D}l;lq;fs; Nfhsg;gug;gpy; guTfpd;wd.
rPg;G E y; cs;s mjpf msT kpd;Gyk; fhw;iw madpahf;FfpwJ. vdNt vjpH
kpd;D}l;lq;fs; gl;ilia Nehf;fp tpul;lg;gLfpd;wd. ,jdhy; gl;ilia milAk; Kd;ghf mjpy;
cs;s NeH kpd;D}l;lq;fs; rkd; nra;ag;gl;L tpLfpd;wd. vdNt gl;il fPo;wq;Fk; NghJ
kpd;D}l;l kw;w epiyia milfpwJ.
,t;thW ve;jpuk; njhlHr;rpahf NeHkpd;D}l;lj;ij Nfhsj;jpw;F khw;WfpwJ. Nkw;nfhz;L
Nfhsj;jpy; kpd;D}l;lq;fs; Vw;fg;gl Kbah epiyia vl;baTld; fhw;wpd; madpahf;fj;jpd;
fhuzkhf kpd;D}l;lq;fs; frpaj; njhlq;Ffpd;wd.
caH mOj;jj;jpy; fhw;W epug;gg;gl;l v/Ff; fyj;jpdhy; Nfhsj;ij %Ltjpd; %yk;
Nfhsj;jpd; kpd;D}l;lf; frpitf; Fiwf;fyhk;.
,k;kpd;dpaw;wp %yk; ngwg;gLk; caH kpd;Oj;jk; mZf;fUg; gpsitapy; gad;gLk; NeH
madpfis (GNuhl;lhd; bA+l;uhd;) KLf;Ftpf;fg; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------64. fhe;jg; Gyj;jpYs;s kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk; flj;jpapd; kPJ nray;gLk; tpirf;fhd
Nfhitapidg; ngWf. tpirapd; vz;kjpg;gpidg; ngWf.
J. Mahesh, M.Sc., B.Ed., M.Phil., P.G. Teacher in Physics, GBHSS, Poigai, Vellore Dist.- 632114
F N f (6)
F nAl e Vd x B
F nAleVd x B (7)
F Il x B
/ fhe;jg;Gyj;jpYs;s kpd;Ndhl;lk; ghAk; flj;jpapd; kPJ nray;gLk; tpirapd; vz; kjpg;G.
F = BIlsin,
flj;jpahdJ fhe;jg;Gyj;jpw;F ,izahf ,Ue;jhy; = 0, F = 0
flj;jpahdJ fhe;jg;Gyj;jpw;F nrq;Fj;jhf ,Ue;jhy; = 90, F = BIl
flj;jpahdJ ngUk tpirapidg; ngWk;.
flj;jpapd; kPJ nray;gLk; tpirapd; jpirapid gpskpq; ,lJif tpjpapypUe;J ngwyhk;.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------65. xU fl;l AC kpd;dpaw;wpapd; jj;Jtk; mikg;G kw;Wk; Ntiy nra;Ak; tpjj;ij tpthp.
jj;Jtk;: fk;gpr; RUs; xd;W rPuhd fhe;jg;Gyj;jpy; Row;wg;gLk; NghJ mjpy; kpd;dpaf;F tpir
J}z;lg;gLk; vd;w kpd;fhe;jj;J}z;ly; jj;Jtj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; kpd;dpaw;wp nray;gLfpwJ.
Kf;fpa ghfq;fs;: (1) Roy; RUs;fs; (2) Gyf;fhe;jk; (3) eOT tisaq;fs; (4) J}hpiffs;
Roy; RUs; : Roy; RUs; vd;gJ jfLshy;
Md NjdpUk;G cs;sfk; my;yJ tisaj;jpd;
kPJ mjpf vz;zpf;ifapy; kpd;fhg;Gila
jhkpuf; fk;gpahy; Row;wg;gl;l nrt;tf tbt
fk;gpr; RUs; MFk;.
NjdpUk;G cs;sfk;: Roy; RUis jhq;Ftjw;Fk;
fhe;jg;ghaj;ij mjpfhpg;gjw;Fk; cjTfpwJ.
Gyf;fhe;jk;: jpwd; Fiwe;j ildNkhtpy;
xU epiyahd fhe;jk; - fhe;jg;Gyj;ij cUthf;FfpwJ. Mjpf jpwd; cila ildNkhtpy;
kpd;fhe;jk; %yk; fhe;jg;Gyk; cUthf;ffg;gLfpwJ.
eOT tisaq;fs;: Roy;
RUspd; ,uz;L KidfSk; ,uz;L cs;sl
P w;w cNyhf
tisaq;fSld; ,izf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Roy; RUSld; NrHe;J eOT tisaq;fSk; Roy;fpd;wd.
J}hpiffs;: eOT tisaq;fSld; mOj;jg;gl;l epiyapy;
cs;sjhy; mtw;Wld; ,izg;ig
Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wd. Roy; RUspy; cUthFk; kpd;Ndhl;lj;ij eOT tisaq;fs; topahf
ntspr;Rw;wpy; nry;;y cjTfpd;wd.
J. Mahesh, M.Sc., B.Ed., M.Phil., P.G. Teacher in Physics, GBHSS, Poigai, Vellore Dist.- 632114
Ntiy nra;Ak; tPjk;: fhe;jg; Gyj;ijg; nghWj;J fk;gpr; RUspd; jpiraikg;G khWk; NghJ
= .d (1)
nrq;Nfhz COP, tan =
OP x
, rpwpa kjpg;ghf mike;jhy;,, tan = ,
CO D
x
(2)
D
xd
(3)
D
Mf;ff; Ff;fPl;L tpisTf;fhd epge;jid ghij NtWghL = n
(2) (1),
ghij NtWghL
xd
n ,
D
D
n
d
(2n 1) ,
D
2
M.Sc.,
B.Ed.,fUikg;
M.Phil., P.G.
in Physics,
GBHSS,
x (2nPoigai,
1) Vellore Dist.- 632114
O vd;J.
w Mahesh,
Gs;spapUe;
J n-tJ
gl;iTeacher
lapd; njhiyT
d
2
xn 1 xn
D
D
D
(n 1) n =
d
d
d
D
vd
d
nfhz;ljhy;
epUg;gpf;fyhk;.
nghypTg;gl;ilfSk;
fUikg;gl;ilfSk;
xNu
mfyk;
ikag;nghyptpypUe;J ,U gf;fKk; ,it rk njhiytpy; mikAk;.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------67. NghH mZkhjphpapd; vLNfhs;fisf; $Wf. NghH nfhs;ifapd; mbg; gilapy; i`l;u[d;
mZtpYs;s vyf;l;uhdpd; n-tJ tl;lg; ghijapd; Muj;jpw;fhd Nfhitiag; ngWf.
(1) xU vyf;l;uhd; mZf;fUitr; Rw;wpAs;s midj;Jr; Rw;Wg; ghijfspYk; Rw;wptu KbahJ
vyf;l;uhd;fs;. mDkjpf;fg;gl;l Rw;Wg;ghijfspy; kl;LNk mZf;fUitr; Rw;wp tu KbAk;.
h
nh
. ,jpy; n vd;gJ Kjd;ik Fthz;lk; vz;. ,J 1,2,3.
2
kjpg;Gfisg; ngWk;. ,J Nghhpd; (Fthz;lkhf;fy;) tiuaWj;jy; epge;jid MFk;.
(2)mjpf Mw;wy; nfhz;l fjpHtPr;rhg; ghijapypUe;J Fiwe;j Mw;wy; nfhz;l fjpHtPrhg;
ghijf;F vyf;luhd; jhTk;NghJ kl;LNk mZthdJ Mw;wy; fjpHtPr;ir ntsptpLk;. E2 Mw;wy;
vdpy; mjd; Nfhz ce;jk; mvr
vyf;l;uhd;
mvn
2
kPjhd ikaNehf;F tpir
mrnn 2
rn
J. Mahesh, M.Sc., B.Ed., M.Phil., P.G. Teacher in Physics, GBHSS, Poigai, Vellore Dist.- 632114
Ze 2 mvn2
(3)
4 0 rn 2
rn
1
Ze 2
mrnn2 (4)
2
4 0 rn
1
Ze 2
rkd;ghL (4) ypUe;J
(5)
4 0 mrn2
2
n
nh
( 7)
2
,q;F n
vd;gJ Kjd;ik Fthz;lk; vz;.
rkd;ghL (6) (7) ypUe;J
mrn2 n =
n2h2
nh
nh
(or) n
,UGwKk;
,Ukbg;
g
Lj;
j
(8)
n
4 2 m 2 rn2
2
2mrn2
n 2 h 2 0
Ze2
n2h2
(or)
(9)
n
4 0 mrn3 4 2 m 2 rn4
mZe2
n 2 h 2 0
(10)
me2
mwpe;j kjpg;Gfisg; gpupjpapl;lhy; rn = n2 x 0.53A. If n =1, r1 = 0.53A. ,J NghH Muk; vdg;gLk;.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------68. ngapd;gphpl;[; epiw epwkhiykhdpapd; jj;Jtk; kw;Wk; mjidf;nfhz;L INrhNlhg;Gfspd;
epiwfisf; fhZk;Kiw Mfpatw;iw tpthp.
epiw epwkhiykhdp vd;gJ INrhNlg;Gfspd; mZ epiwfisj;
Jy;ypakhf mse;jwpAk; xU mikg;G MFk;.
Xd;W my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l vyf;l;uhd;fs;
ePf;fg;gl;l mZf;fs; epfu NeHkpd;D}l;lj;ijg; ngw;W NeHkpd;
madpfshfpd;wd. kpd;dpwf;ff; FohapypUe;J ntspg;gLk; NeHkpd;
madpf; fw;iw S1 S2 vd;w FWfpa gpsTfspd; topNa
nrYj;jg;gl;L nky;ypa fw;iwahf ntsptUfpd;wJ. ,f;fw;iw
jpirNtfj; NjHe;njLg;ghd; vd;w mikg;gpd; topNa nrYj;jg;gLfpwJ.
,t;tikg;gpy; nray;gLk; kpd; kw;Wk; fhe;jg;Gyq;fspd; tpisthf
Fwpg;gpl;l jpirNtfk; nfhz;l madpfs; kl;LNk ,t;tikg;gig
tpl;L ntspNaWk;. jpirNtfj; NjHe;njLg;ghdpy; xd;Wf;nfhd;W
,izahf cs;s P1 kw;Wk; P2 jfLfisf; nfhz;L E vd;w rPuhd
kpd;GyKk; kw;Wk; kpd;fhe;jk; xd;wpd;%yk; B vd;w rPuhd fhe;jg;GyKk; cUthf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
,t;tpU Gyq;fSk; xd;Wf;nfhd;W nrq;Fj;jhfTk; kw;Wk; madpf; fw;iwapd; jpirf;F
nrq;Fj;jhTk; mikAk;.
kpd;Gyk; kw;Wk; fhe;jg;Gyj;jpidr; rhp nra;J xd;wpd; tpisit kw;nwhd;W ,y;yhky;
nra;AkhW mikf;f Ntz;Lk;. E kw;Wk; B vd;gd KiwNa kp;d;Gyr; nrwpT kw;Wk; fhe;jj;
J}z;ly; vdTk; q vd;gJ NeHkpd; madpfspd; kpd;D}l;lk; vdTk; fUJNthk;. Madpfspd;
kPJ kpd;GykhdJ Eq vd;w tpiriaAk; fhe;jg;GykhdJ Bqv vd;w tpiriaAk; nray;gLj;Jk;
rn
rkkhFk;
NghJ
jpirNtfj;
v= E
B
vd;w ,e;j jpirNtfk; nfhz;l madpfs; kl;LNk jprNtfj; NjHe;njLg;ghdpy;
v
,Ue;J
ntspg;gl;L S3 gpsitiaf; fle;J D cd;w ntw;plkhf;fg;gl;l fyj;jpDs; Eiofpd;wd.
rkjpirNtfk; nfhz;l ,e;j NeHkpd; madpfs; jhspd; jsj;jpw;Fr; nrq;Fj;jhf cs;Nehf;fp
nraw;gLfpd;w B! cd;w fhe;jj; J}z;lYf;F cl;gLfpd;wd.
,e;j madpfs; fhe;jg;Gyj;jhy; tpyf;fkile;J R MuKs;s tl;lg;ghijapy; nrd;W
xspg;glj; jfl;il milfpd;wd. fhe;jg;Gyj;jpdhy; cUthFk; B!qv vd;w tpir ikaNehf;F
tpiriaj; jUfpd;wJ.
B1qv
mv 2
B1qR
(or) m
R
v
BB1qR
vdg; gpujpapl
m
B
E
ntt;NtW epiwfisf; nfhz;l madpfs; ntt;NtW Muq;fs; nfhz;l miu tl;lg;
ghijfspy; nrd;W xspg;glj; jfl;by; fUikf; NfhLfis cz;lhf;Ffpd;wd. fyj;jpd;
jpwg;gpw;Fk; fUikf; Nfhl;bw;Fk; ,ilg;gl;lj; njhiyT tpl;lk; 2R f;Fr; rkk;. ,jpypUe;J R
fzf;fplg;gLfpd;wJ.
q, B, B!, E kw;Wk; R-d; kjpg;Gfs; njhpAkhjyhy; NeHkpd; madpfspd; epiwfisf;
fzf;fplyhk;. ,t;thwhf INrhNlhg;Gfspd; epiwfisf; fzf;fplyhk;.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------69. jpUj;Jjy; vd;why; vd;d? rkd;Rw;W miyj;jpUj;jpapd; nray;ghl;il tpthp mjd; cs;sPL
kw;Wk; ntspaPL iriffis tiuf.
vE
J. Mahesh,
M.Sc., B.Ed., M.Phil.,