LIMITS & FITS LIMITS&FITS

LIMITS Highlimit
Low limit Lowlimit
FITS Clearance fit FITS Clearancefit
Interferencefit
Transitionfit
LIMITS & FITS LIMITS&FITS
LIMITS: Thesearetwoextremepermissible
sizesofdimensionbetweenwhichactualsizeof
dimensioniscontained.The greaterofthesetwo
iscalledhighlimitandthesmallerlowlimit
LIMITS & FITS LIMITS&FITS
FITS: S:
Itistherelationshipexistingbetweentwo
mating parts wrt amount of play or matingpartswrt amountofplayor
interferencewhichispresentwhentheyare
assembledtogether. g
Itisthedegreeoftightnessorlooseness
betweentwomatingpartstoperforma g p p
definitefunction
Termsusedinlimits&fits:
Shaft Shaft
Hole
Basicsize
Actualsize
Limitsofsize HL&LL
Tolerance HL LL Tolerance=HLLL
Allowance=DifferencebetweenMMCof
matingparts
Deviation
d i i Upperdeviation
Lowerdeviation
Meandeviation
ZeroLine
FundamentalDeviation
FITS FITS
TYPESOFFITS
Cl fi Mi & M l Clearancefit Min&Maxclearance
Interference Press or Force fit Min & Max Interference,Press orForcefit Min&Max
interference interference
Transitionfit
LIMITS & FITS LIMITS&FITS
HOLE/SHAFT BASIS SYSTEM HOLE/SHAFTBASISSYSTEM
Variousallowancesfordifferentfitsmaybe
obtainedintwoways:
Holebasesystem
Shaftbasesystem
HOLE BASIS SYSTEM HOLEBASISSYSTEM
HOLESIZEISKEPTCONSTANTANDSHAFTIS
VARIED TO GIVE VARIOUS TYPES OF FIT VARIEDTOGIVEVARIOUSTYPESOFFIT.
BASIC SIZE TAKEN IS LOW LIMIT OF HOLE BASICSIZETAKENISLOWLIMITOFHOLE
HIGH LIMIT OF HOLE & TWO LIMITS (HL&LL) GIVE HIGHLIMITOFHOLE&TWOLIMITS(HL&LL)GIVE
THEDESIREDFIT
HOLE BASIS SYSTEM HOLEBASISSYSTEM
3
HOLE
SHAFT
1
2
1 Clearancefit
2Transitionfit
3Interferencefit
SHAFT BASIS SYSTEM SHAFTBASISSYSTEM
SHAFT SIZE IS KEPT CONSTANT & HOLE SIZE IS SHAFTSIZEISKEPTCONSTANT&HOLESIZEIS
VARIEDTOGIVEVARIOUSFITS.
BASIC SIZE IS TAKEN AS MAX LIMIT SIZE OF BASICSIZEISTAKENASMAXLIMITSIZEOF
SHAFT.
LL OF SHAFT AND TWO LIMITS (HL & LL) OF LLOFSHAFTANDTWOLIMITS(HL&LL)OF
HOLEGIVETHEDESIREDFIT.
METHODNOTPREFERREDINLARGE
PRODUCTION
SHAFT BASIS SYSTEM SHAFTBASISSYSTEM
3
SHAFT
HOLE
1
2
1 Interfernce fit
2Transitionfit
3Clearancefit
TOLERANCE TOLERANCE
P i ibl i ti i i di i i Permissiblevariationinsizeordimensionis
calledtolerance.
Amountbywhichajobisallowedtogoaway
from accuracy without any functional trouble fromaccuracywithoutanyfunctionaltrouble
25 0.005cm
TOLERANCES TOLERANCES
ISOSYSTEMOFLimits&fits
Coversholesandshaftsupto 3150mm
Foranybasicsizethereare28differentholes
progressivelyoversizeandundersize.
28holesare
A,B,C,CD,D,E,EF,F,FG,G,H,J,JS,K,M,N,P,R,S,T,U,V,
X,Y,Z,ZA,ZB,&ZC
Each hole has a choice of 18 grades of Eachholehasachoiceof18gradesof
tolerance i.e. IT01,ITO,IT1 to IT16 (Similarly for tolerancei.e.IT01,ITO,IT1toIT16(Similarlyfor
shafts) shafts)
Tolerance grades decide the accuracy of Tolerancegradesdecidetheaccuracyof
manufacture manufacture
VALUES OF TOLERANCES VALUESOFTOLERANCES
ARRANGEMENT OF HOLES & SHAFTS ARRANGEMENTOFHOLES&SHAFTS