Connectors

A connector is a word that is used to join words or sentences.

And, as well as, but, or, yet, nevertheless, however, so that, as long as, while, until, as if, because,
when, after, though, before.
A boy and a girl
An elephant and a giraffe
A toy or a book
The music was loud nevertheless it was enjoyable.
Types of connectors
Sub Topics
Coordinating conjunctions
Use of 'and'
Use of 'r'
!"ample#
Correlative conjunctions#
Conjunctions used in pairs are correlative conjunctions
Compound conjunctions
$ubordinating conjunction
bserve the use of connectors in these sentences.

Coordinating conjunctions
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Coordinating conjunctions join together clauses of e&ual importance.
$ome e"amples of coordinating conjunctions are ' and, but, or,
Use of 'and'
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'And' is used as a conjunction when the words or phrases are of e&ual importance and both
conditions e"ist. ther words that can be used in place of and are# moreover, in addition to, along
with, plus, as well as, further more
Tom and (arry play hockey.
A lion and a fo" live in this cave.
)e need some gloves and a ball in addition to bats.
The soldiers rose moreover they cheered the leader.
)e found the thief along with the bags.
The gurgling stream along with the howling wind added to the charm of the place.
Use of 'but'
The conjunction 'but' is used to show a contradiction between two phrases. *et's say the first
phrase leads you to e"pect a certain event and the second phrase tells you &uite a contradictory
outcome. +n such an event, but, is used.
ther words like# nevertheless, yet, however, can be used in place of 'but'
(e ran, but he missed the bus.
$he studied hard but could not score well in the test.
The hill was very steep but the old man could climb it easily.
$haron fell from the horse nevertheless she did not cry.
The lion was hungry yet it did not attack Androcles.
(e is from !ngland however he speaks Chinese very well.
Use of 'Or'
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)hen we need to e"press a choice between two words or phrases we use 'or'. (ere only one of
the two conditions e"ists.
Example:
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)ould you take a cup of tea or coffee,
$hall we buy a book or a toy,
$it on the bench or on the grass.
Are you tired or shall we go out for a walk,
)e can learn to talk !nglish or we can depend on sign language.
Correlative conjunctions:
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Conjunctions used in pairs are correlative conjunctions
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!ither..... or !ither -eter or .ohn has taken the book.
/either.....nor +t is neither hot nor tasty.
%oth.....and 0y sister is both smart and intelligent.
)hether..... or Tell me whether you know the route or not.
/ot only..... but also /ot only is she stupid but also stubborn.
Compound conjunctions
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Compound conjunctions are groups of words that behave like conjunctions.
+n order that, on condition that, provided that, as soon as
Conjunction Usage
+n order that + bought all the books in order that you may study
n condition that The teacher e"cused him on condition that he would not repeat the mistake.
!ven if $arah would not marry him even if he proposed to her.
$o that + kept away my work so that + could spend time with my daughters
-rovided that 1ou can take leave provided that you work overtime later
As though 2e" behaves as though he is the boss.
As well as 0onica as well as veronica was present there
As soon as 0r. 3ord plans to pay off his loan as soon as he gets his bonus.
As if +t looks as if there is going to be a storm.
Subordinating conjunction
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A subordinating conjunction joins a clause to another on which it depends for its full meaning.
The chief subordinating conjunctions are after, because, if, that, though, although, till, before,
unless.
+ will not go to the market if it rains.
The situation '+ will not go to the market' is dependant on the condition 'if it rains'.
1ou could go and play after you have done the dishes.
4ing 0idas was unhappy because his daughter turned to gold.
1ou must dig the earth till you find water.
Observe the use of connectors in these sentences.
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*ydia likes to sing and dance hen she is happy.
)e can paint our house red or white but we must select a good painter.
(arry is intelligent hoever he is la5y. (e must wake up or he will regret it.
+ left the party because + was bored, moreover it was &uite late.
(e was sad and tired along ith being very hungry hen a wi5ard appeared and offered
him food hoever he laid down some conditions.
(e is cheerful though he has worked the whole day.
+ allowed him in as + thought he was a friend but he tried to rob me.
1ou will do well if you study hard.
0y daughters either watch T6 or sleep on $undays.
$usan is very fat but very active.
+ met by friend in the park and invited her to tea.
A student must obey or he may leave.
.ane and -eter have been chosen to receive the guest.
After the trip $am came to work but he was very tired.
%ring some sandwiches or you will be hungry.
They jumped over the stream and ran home.
The dog ran after the rabbit but could not catch him.
0y aunt is ill so + will visit her tomorrow.
The show started as soon as the chief guest arrived.
1ou will enjoy the concert since you love music.
This horse will take you to the village you even if he is tired.
(e was rowing the boat hile + slept.
The bridge fell though it was made of stones.
1ou will pass if you work hard.
(e will not try unless he is forced to.
)e will come after we complete the work.
The old man cared for the puppy as though she was his baby
nce you have mastered the basics of correct usage in written !nglish, you will want to
e"press yourself in increasingly comple" ways. ne of the best ways to improve your
writing style is to use sentence connectors. $entence connectors are used to e"press
relationships between ideas and to combine sentences. The use of these connectors will
add sophistication to your writing style.
T!pe of
Connector
Connector"s# Examples
Coordinating
Conjunction
and
High level positions are stressful at times, and
can be harmful to your health.
Conjunctive
adverbs
in addition$ additionall!$
furthermore$ moreover$ also
High level positions are stressful at times;
furthermore, they can be harmful to your
health
Correlative
conjunctions
not onl!...but also Not only are high level positions stressful at
times, but they also can be harmful to your
health.
-repositional
phrases
in addition to$ along ith$ as
ell as
Along with being stressful, high level
positions can also be harmful to your health.
%earn &ore 'bout Sentence Connectors
$entence Connectors# pposition
$entence Connectors# Cause 7 !ffect
$entence Connectors# Comparison
$entence Connectors# Contrast
English (rammar: )'n *ntroduction to
Sentence Connectors+
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Sentence Connectors are a great way of improving your !nglish. )hy, %ecause we use them to
e"press relationships between ideas and to combine sentences.
)hen we begin learning a language, we speak in very basic sentences, a bit like children.
Example# @*ondon is a very e"citing city. *ondon is very e"pensive.A
As we learn more words and more comple" sentence strucure, we are able to start using sentence
connectors to make more sophisticated sentences.
Example# @*ondon is a very e"citing cityB nevertheless it is also very e"pensiveA or
@,espite the fact that *ondon is very e"pensive, it is also very e"citingA
There are various t!pes of connectors. )e can divide them into#
1. Coordinating Conjunctions C They connect words, phrases and clauses. They are
usually found in the middle of a sentence with a comma D,E just before the conjuction, or
at the beginning of the sentence.
Coordinating Conjunctions:
for
and
nor
but
or
!et
so
Dremember
3A/%1$E
1. Correlative Conjunctions C They connect e&ual sentence elements together Dlike two
nounsE and are always composed by two words.
Correlative Conjunctions:
bothFand
not onl!Fbut also
notFbut
eitherFor
neitherFnor
hetherFor
asFas
1. Subordinating Conjunctions' They connect a dependent clause and an independent
clause and establish a relationship between them. They happen at the beginning of a
sentences Dwith a comma in the middle separating the clausesE or in the middle of a
sentence with no comma.
Subordinating Conjunctions:
after if though although
if onl! till as in order that
unless as if no that until
as long as once hen as though
rather than henever because since
here before so that hereas
even if than herever even though
that that hile
1. %in-ing 'dverbs and Transition .ords' They connect two independent clauses or
sentences. They provide transition between ideas.
%in-ing 'dverbs and Transition .ords:
accordingl! hoever nonetheless also
indeed otherise besides instead
similarl! conse/uentl! li-eise still
conversel! meanhile subse/uentl! finall!
moreover then furthermore nevertheless
therefore hence next thus
)ithin these G categories, we also find the following division#
Addition
Alternative
Cause'!ffect
Comparison
Condition
Contrast
!mphasis
-lace
Time
)e will e"plain each of these 0 t!pes of sentence
connectors in depth with e"amples over the ne"t couple of days. They will teach you how to
introduce, order, contrast, se&uence and connect ideas within a sentence.
2emember to start using them, it will greatly increase your conversation skills and you will feel
more confident talking to a native speaker.
%esson
Coordinating conjunctions
Coordinating conjunctions join together clauses of e&ual importance.
Some examples of coordinating conjunctions are - and, but, or, Use of 'and'
'And' is used as a conjunction when the words or phrases are of e&ual importance and both
conditions e"ist. ther words that can be used in place of and are# moreover, in addition to, along
with, plus, as well as, further more
Tom and (arry play hockey.
A lion and a fo" live in this cave.
)e need some gloves and a ball in addition to bats.
The soldiers rose moreover they cheered the leader.
)e found the thief along with the bags.
The gurgling stream along with the howling wind added to the charm of the place.
Use of 'but'
The conjunction 'but' is used to show a contradiction between two phrases. Let's sa the first phrase leads
ou to expect a certain e!ent and the second phrase tells ou "uite a contradictor outcome. #n such an
e!ent, but, is used.
ther words like# nevertheless, yet, however, can be used in place of 'but'
(e ran, but he missed the bus.
$he studied hard but could not score well in the test.
The hill was very steep but the old man could climb it easily.
$haron fell from the horse nevertheless she did not cry.
The lion was hungry yet it did not attack Androcles.
(e is from !ngland however he speaks Chinese very well.
Use of '$r'
)hen we need to e"press a choice between two words or phrases we use 'or'. (ere only one of
the two conditions e"ists.
%xample&
)ould you take a cup of tea or coffee,
Shall we bu a boo' or a to(
$it on the bench or on the grass.
)re ou tired or shall we go out for a wal'(
)e can learn to talk !nglish or we can depend on sign language.
Correlati!e conjunctions&
Conjunctions used in pairs are correlati!e conjunctions
%ither..... or%ither *eter or +ohn has ta'en the boo'.,either.....nor#t is neither hot nor tast.-oth.....and.
sister is both smart and intelligent./hether..... orTell me whether ou 'now the route or not.,ot onl.....
but also,ot onl is she stupid but also stubborn.
Compound conjunctions
Compound conjunctions are groups of words that behave like conjunctions.
#n order that, on condition that, pro!ided that, as soon as ConjunctionUsage#n order that# bought all the
boo's in order that ou ma stud$n condition thatThe teacher excused him on condition that he would
not repeat the mista'e.%!en ifSarah would not marr him e!en if he proposed to her.So that# 'ept awa
m wor' so that # could spend time with m daughters*ro!ided that0ou can ta'e lea!e pro!ided that ou
wor' o!ertime later)s though1ex beha!es as though he is the boss.)s well as.onica as well as !eronica
was present there)s soon as.r. 2ord plans to pa off his loan as soon as he gets his bonus.)s if#t loo's
as if there is going to be a storm.
Subordinating conjunction
A subordinating conjunction joins a clause to another on which it depends for its full meaning.
The chief subordinating conjunctions are after, because, if, that, though, although, till, before,
unless.
+ will not go to the market if it rains.
The situation '+ will not go to the market' is dependant on the condition 'if it rains'.
1ou could go and play after you have done the dishes.
4ing 0idas was unhappy because his daughter turned to gold.
1ou must dig the earth till you find water.
$bser!e the use of connectors in these sentences.
*ydia likes to sing anddance whenshe is happy.
)e can paint our house red orwhite butwe must select a good painter.
(arry is intelligent howeverhe is la5y. (e must wake up orhe will regret it.
+ left the party because+ was bored, moreoverit was &uite late.
(e was sad andtired along withbeing very hungry whena wi5ard appeared andoffered him
food howeverhe laid down some conditions.
(e is cheerful thoughhe has worked the whole day.
+ allowed him in as+ thought he was a friend buthe tried to rob me.
1ou will do well ifyou study hard.
0y daughters either watch T6 orsleep on $undays.
$usan is very fat butvery active.
+ met by friend in the park andinvited her to tea.
A student must obey orhe may leave.
.ane and-eter have been chosen to receive the guest.
After the trip $am came to work buthe was very tired.
%ring some sandwiches oryou will be hungry.
They jumped over the stream andran home.
The dog ran after the rabbit butcould not catch him.
0y aunt is ill so+ will visit her tomorrow.
The show started as soon asthe chief guest arrived.
1ou will enjoy the concert sinceyou love music.
This horse will take you to the village you evenifhe is tired.
(e was rowing the boat while+ slept.
The bridge fell thoughit was made of stones.
1ou will pass ifyou work hard.
(e will not try unlesshe is forced to.
)e will come afterwe complete the work.
The old man cared for the puppy as thoughshe was his baby.
3 i l l i n t h e b l a n k s wi t h a l o g i c a l o r s e & u e n c e c o n n e c t o r e a c h
;. There is no more food left. HHHHHH there is plenty of drinks. 8. The +nteract Club
has done well to help the poor. HHHHHH the )elfare Club has done well too. =. The
documents will be scrutini5ed by the police. HHHHHH they will be sent back tot he relevant
authority. G. The retailer has been making losses. HHHHHH he intends to wind up his
business. 9. )ash the potatoes first. HHHHHH you can boil them. <. )e have been
trying to contact 0ichael for the past few days. HHHHHH we managed to trace him to a
hotel in town. I. *ife in the country may not be as e"citing as life in the city. HHHHHH
you are close to nature which provides peace and &uietness. J. The dog will bark
without fail every time the ice'cream man passes by. HHHHHH it will start howling. K.
*et us not be complacent with ourselves. HHHHHH we may lose out in the final round.
;:. *ope5 has e"perienced poverty and hardship before. HHHHHH he has a sympathetic
heart towards the poor and needy.

'nsers ;. There is no more food left. 1oever there is plenty of drinks. 8. The
+nteract Club has done well to help the poor. Similarl! the )elfare Club has done well
too. =. The documents will be scrutini5ed by the police. Then they will be sent back tot
he relevant authority. G. The retailer has been making losses. Therefore he intends to
wind up his business. 9. )ash the potatoes first. 'fterards you can boil them. <. )e
have been trying to contact 0ichael for the past few days. Eventuall! we managed to
trace him to a hotel in town. I. *ife in the country may not be as e"citing as life in the
city. 2evertheless you are close to nature which provides peace and &uietness. J. The
dog will bark without fail every time the ice'cream man passes by. 'fter sometime it
will start howling. K. *et us not be complacent with ourselves. Otherise we may lose
out in the final round. ;:. *ope5 has e"perienced poverty and hardship before.
Therefore he has a sympathetic heart towards the poor and needy.
so Das in So whatE
well Das in ell, we can!t help thatE
still Das in Still, it could have been a lot worseE
yet Das in " am older now, yet " still en#oy some of the things " used to doE
as
also
however
nevertheless
otherwise
moreover
in addition
furthermore
besides
first
second
finally
last but not least
lastly
than
thus
hence
on the other hand
anyway
too Das in that, too, has been said in the pastE