BEARING CAPACITY

OF PILEFOUNDATION
&
CONSTRUCTION
ByTinSoe
MyanmarGeologistSociety
(Singapore)

PileFoundation
ShallowFoundation
&
DeepFoundation

SoilimmediatelybelowtheFooting
isstrongenoughtocarrytheBuilding
Loads.

ShallowFoundation

ShallowFoundation

Sh ll F
d i
ShallowFoundation
TheBuildingLoadisDistributedinaLargeArea

MatFoundationorRaftFoundation

ShallowFoundation
B
D
A

III
II

ShallowFoundation
UltimateBearingCapacity(qu)

ShallowFoundation

ShallowFoundation

ShallowFoundation

PlateBearingTestiscarriedoutto

verifyBearingCapacityofSoil
Underneath
TheTestwillbecarriedoutingeneral

accordancewithBS1377:Part9,1990
d
ithBS
P t

InSituTest

TypicalUseforPlateBearingTest
RoadsandCarParks
Building&Structure(Below
B ildi &S
(B l

Foundation&GroundFloorSlabs)
MobileCraneMats
PilingMats
g

Sh ll F
d i
ShallowFoundation

PlateBearingTest

ShallowFoundation
S a ow ou dat o

PlateBearingTest

ItisaFoundationSystemthat
Iti
F
d ti S t th t
transfersloadstodeeperand
p
competentsoillayer

q
g Capacityof
p
y
InadequateBearing
ShallowFoundations
ToPreventUpliftForces
ToReduceExcessiveSettlement

FrictionPile
L dB i R i t
LoadBearingResistancederived
d i d
mainlyfromskinfriction
EndBearingPile
LoadBearingResistancederived
mainlyfrombase

FrictionPile

OverburdenSoil

O
Over

End BearingPile

OverburdenSoil

Rock/HardLayer

WeakSoil

BearingSoil
g

PileFoundation

SinglePileCapacity

PileFoundation
Meyerhof(1976)
Qf =A
Abqf+A
Asfs

PileinSands

qf=40NDb 400N(kN/m2),fs=2N
B
qf=UltimateEndBearingCapacity
fs=UltimateShaftFriction
N=SPTvalue
N=AverageSPTvalue
Db=Pilelength
B=PileBase
Ab=BaseArea,A
BaseArea As=ShaftArea
ShaftArea

PileFoundation

Pile Foundation
PileFoundation
SkinFrictionofBoredPiles(CP4)
BukitTimah &Jurong Formation
fs =1.5Nto2.5N,subjecttomaximum150kPa
OldAlluviumFormation
fs =2Nto3N,subjecttomaximum300kPa
Nt N bj tt
i

kP

EndBearingofBoredPiles(CP4)
qb =Kb (40N),subjecttomaximum10Mpa
WhereKb =1to3

PileFoundation
Meyerhof(1976)

PileinClay

qf=cu Nc, fs = cu
Nc=9,cu=Undrained
d
d ShearStrength(UU)
h
h( )
=0.3to1.0

Pil F
d ti
PileFoundation

PileFoundation
e ou dat o
EffectiveStress
SandySoil

PileFoundation

PileFoundation

PileFoundation

PileFoundation

PileFoundation

PileFoundation
ClaySoil

PileFoundation

PileFoundation
BoredPiles
Clays
UltimateEndBearingResistance~qb =NcCu

(Nc=maygenerallybetakenas9)
UltimateShaftResistance~T
UltimateShaftResistance Ts= Cu
Where =adhesionfactor

PileFoundation
BoredPiles
Clays

value
Whitaker&Cooke(1966):0.3to0.6
Tomlinson(1994),Reese&O
Tomlinson(1994) Reese&ONeill(1988):0
Neill(1988):0.4to0.9
4to0 9
Cu isgenerallydeterminedfromUUtests

PileFoundation

NEGATIVESKINFRICTION
(NSF)

CompressibleSoilLayer
C
ibl S ilL

ConsolidationandCausesof
GroundSettlement;
SurchargeofFill
LoweringofGroundWaterTable
Dissipationofexcessporewater
pressuresgeneratedbypiledriving

NegativeSkinFriction

NegativeSkinFriction

NegativeSkinFriction
g

PileFoundation

Meyerhof4.37

fs =
v
Where =Kstan
and
d isthepilesoilfrictionangle
i h il
ilf i i
l

NSFPreventiveMeasure
AvoidFilling
CarryoutSurcharge
SleevePileShaft
SlipCoating
ReserveStructuralCapacityforNSF
AllowforLargerSettlement

TimberPiles
Ti b Pil
RCSquarePiles
ConcreteSpunPiles
SteelPiles
BoredPiles
MicroPiles
Mi Pil
CaissonPiles

RCSquarePiles
Sizes:150mm~400mm
Length:3m,6m,9m,12m
Length:3m 6m 9m 12m
StructuralCapacity:25Ton~185Ton
Material:Grade40MPaConcrete
M
i l G d MP C
Joint:Welded
InstallationMethod:DropHammer
Jackin

PileFoundation

RCpiles

JackinPile
UseofHydraulicPressuretoinstallRC

PilesintoSoilStrata.
LackofNoiseandExhaust,Installation
Processiseasywithlowcost.
Processiseasywithlowcost
UseEspeciallyforResidentialArea

Pile Foundation
PileFoundation

JackinPile

ConcreteSpunPiles
Size:250mm~1000mm
Length:6m,9m,12m(Typical)
Length:6m 9m 12m(Typical)
StructuralCapacity:45Ton~520Ton
Material:Grade60Mpa~80Mpa
M
i l G d 6 M 8 M
Joint:Welded
InstallationMethod:DropHammer
Jackin

PileFoundation

Concrete SpunPile

SpunPileVsRCSquarePile
SpunPilehave;
BetterBendingResistance
HigherAxialCapacity
AbletoSustainHigherDrivingStress
HigherTensileCapacity
EasiertoCheckIntegrityofPile
BetterManufacturingQuality
SimilarCostasRCpile

SteelHPiles
Size:200mm~400mm
Length:6m,12m
StructuralCapacity:40Ton~1000Ton
5
Material:250N/mm2~410N/mm2
Join:Welded
y
InstallationMethod:HydraulicHummer
Jackin

PileFoundation

SteelHPile

LargeDiameterCastInSituPiles(BoredPiles)
LargeDiameterCastIn SituPiles(BoredPiles)
Size:450mm~2000mm
Si
mm
mm
Length:Varies
StructuralCapacity:80Ton~5700Ton
S
lC
i 8 T
T
Material:ConcreteGrade20Mpa~30Mpa
Join:None
InstallationMethod:Drill&CastInSitu

PileFoundation

PileFoundation

PileFoundation

PileFoundation

PileFoundation

PileFoundation

PileFoundation

PileFoundation

BoredPiles

BoredPilingMachine

BoredPiles

DrillingEquipment

BoredPiles

LowerDownReinforcement

Size:100mmto350mmDiameter
Lengths:Varies
StructuralCapacity:20Tonto250Ton
Material:Grade25Mpato40MpaGrout
M
i l G d M M G

T25toT40asReinforcement
Joint:None
Joint None
InstallationMethod:
Bored/DrillthenCast In Situ
Bored/DrillthenCastInSitu
PercussionthenCastInSitu
Precast&Driven

Percussion&Cast
P
i &C
Insitu

Bored/Drilled&CastIn
situ

FlushingBorehole

Grouting(BlackHose)
g(
)
Instrument(BlueHose)

DrillingMachinesEBM80& SM400

Micropiles

DTHHammer&Bit

illi
i
DrillingBit

Micropiles

Tricone DrillBit

DrillingAccessories

Mi
il
Micropiles

Couplers

StrengthTest

RebarCages

i
il
Micropiles

TensionLoadTest

Micropiles

StaticLoadTest

Micropiles

PDAHammer,PileDrivingAnalyzer,Transducer

ThanksforYour
Th k f Y

A
Attention
i
TinSoe