DANH SCH CC TIN T V HU T

TRONG TING ANH Y KHOA

- - - - - -

A
Tin t/ hu
t

a-, anababdomin(o)-

Anh-Anh

Denotes an absence of,

without
away from
Of or relating to the
abdomen

Anh-Vit

Vng mt hoc k c
i t
Lin quan ti bng

T gc

V d

Ancient Greek -/(a-/an-), without, not

Latin
Latin
(abdmen),
abdomen, fat around
the belly

Apathy (th ), Analgia (khng

au n)
Abduction (bt cc)
Abdomen (bng)
cardiac (lin quan ti tim),
hydrophobiac (k c i lc vs
nc)
acanthocyte (1 loi tb mu c
gai chng li vi sinh vt) ,
acanthoma (khi u biu b)

-ac, -acal

pertaining to

Lin quan n...

Greek - (-akos)

acanth(o)-

thorn or spine

Gai/ ct sng

Ancient Greek
(akantha), thorn

acous(io)-

Of or relating to hearing

Lin quan ti Nghe

acr(o)-

extremity, topmost

Cc, trn cng, im

xa nht hoc cao nht

-acusis

Hearing

Lin quan ti nghe

-ad

toward, in the direction of

increase,
adherence,
motion toward, very

Hng ti
Tng, chuyn ng v,
rt...

Of or relating to a gland

Lin quan ti Tuyn

^^

Of or relating to fat or
fatty tissue
Of or relating to adrenal
glands

Lin quan ti m m
hay cht bo
Lin quan ti Tuyn
thng thn

-aemia (BrE)

blood condition

Mu

Greek
,
without blood

Anaemia ( thiu mu)

aer(o)-

air, gas

Kh

Greek ,

Aerosinusitis (hnh nh ngha l

vim xoang)

Sensation

Cm gic

Greek

Anesthesia (gy t)

pertaining to
Denoting a white or pale
color
Pain
Pain
Pain
Denoting something as
different, or as an

Lin quan n...

Latin -alis

abdominal (thuc bng)

Trng hoc nht

Latin albus, white

Albino (bch tng)

au
--Khc nhau hoc b
sung nhau

Greek
Greek
Greek
Ancient Greek
(allos), another, other

Analgesic (gim au)

Myalgia(chng nht gn)
-Alloantigen (khng nguyn k
m ha trn cng 1 locus cc

adaden(o)-,
aden(i)adip(o)adren(o)-

aesthesio(BrE)
-al
albalge(si)-algia
alg(i)oallo-

Greek

(acoustikos), of or for
hearing
Greek (akron),
highest or farthest
point
Greek

(acoustikos), of or for
hearing
Latin
Ancient Greek ,
- (adn, aden-), an
acorn; a gland
Latin (adeps, adip-),
fat
Latin

acoumeter (thit b o nhy

of tai), acoustician
acroosteolysis (hoi t t xa
ngn tay), acromegaly (bnh
xng to do tuyn yn)
paracusis ( khuyt tt v nghe)
Dorsad ( hng pha sau lng)
Adduction ( i su vo phn su
ca c th)
Adenocarcinoma ( hnh nh l
ung th m tuyn), adenology
(nghnh tuyn hc), adenotome
(dng c ct b hch adenoid)
Adipocyte ( T bo m, to
thnh m m)
adrenal artery (ng mch tuyn
thng thn)

addition
diferent)

(other

sinh vt cng loi),

allopathy(diu tr bng cch
ngn chn cc triu chng)

or

Denoting something as
positioned on both sides;
Describing both of two
Pertaining
to
the
membranous fetal sac
(amnion)

2 pha, 2 mt

Latin (ambi-, ambo),

both, on both sides

Ambidextrous (thun c 2 bn)

Lin quan ti mng i

Greek

Amniocentesis (chc i)

on both sides

2 bn

Greek (amphi)

not, without

K c, k

Greek

ana-

back, again, up

Lp li, quay li

Greek

an(o)

Anus

Hu mn

Latin

andr(o)-

pertaining to a man

Lin quan ti nam gii

Greek , -

Andrology (nam hc), android

(ging ngi)

angi(o)-

blood vessel

Mch mu( a, ng ra
phi thuc v ng
mch mi ng ch
nh..)

Greek

Angiogram (biu x-quang of

mch mu)

aniso-

Describing something as
unequal

Bt bnh ng

Ancient Greek
(ansos), unequal

Anisotropic (c tnh k ging

nhau nhng hng khc
nhau), anisocytosis ( bnh thay
i kch thc hng cu)

ankyl(o)-,
ancyl(o)-

Denoting something as
crooked or bent

Quanh co hoc cong

Ancient
Greek

(anklos),
crooked, curved

Ankylosis ( cng khp, bt

ng khp)

Pha trc, trc

Latin (nt), before, in

front of

antepartum (giai on trc

sinh)

Chng, i, nghch

Ancient Greek
(anti), against

Antibody (khng th),

antipsychotic (chng lon thn)

Tch ra t, chuyn n
t....

Ancient Greek

ambiamnioamph-,
amphian-

anteantiapo-

Describing something as
positioned in front of
another thing
Describing something as
'against' or 'opposed to'
another
separated from, derived
from

arch(i,e,o)

first, primitive

u, nguyn

arsen(o)-

Of or pertaining to a
male; masculine

Nam tnh, lin quan ti

n ng

Ancient
Greek
(artra), a
wind-pipe, artery (used
distinctly versus a
vein)
Ancient Greek
(arthros), a joint, limb
Latin articulum

Lin quan ti ng
mch

articul(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
joints, limbs
joint

Lin quan
khp
Khp

-ary

pertaining to

Lin quan ti....

Latin -arius

-ase

enzyme

Enzyme

Greek
division

-asthenia

weakness

Yu

Greek,

imperfect or incomplete
development
Fatty deposit, soft gruellike deposit
process
an atrium (esp. heart

Pht trin k hon ton

hoc y

arthr(o)-

atel(o)
Ather(o)-ation
atri(o)-

ti

chi,

Mm, va
Qu trnh
Tm nh

Apoptosis ( ci cht c chu

trnh)
archinephron (nguyn thy ca
thn)

Greek (arsein)

Of or pertaining to an
artery

arteri(o)-

amphismela ( 1 loi dao gii

phu dng k c 2 mt)
Analgesia ( thuc gim au)
Anaplasia ( s thay i c tnh
ca tb, xra trong u c tnh)

Latin

Artery (ng mch), Arteriole

(mao mch)
Arthritis (vim khp)
Articulation (khp xng)
bilary tract (h thng ng tit
gia mt v rut)
Lactase
Myasthenia gravis (Hi chng
yu c)
atelocardia (tim pht trin k y
)
Atherosclerosis ( x va ng
mch)
Lubrication ( bi trn)
atrioventricular (Lin quan ti

aur(i)aut(o)aux(o)axillazo(to)

atrium)
Of or pertaining to the ear
self
increase; growth
Of or pertaining to the
armpit [uncommon as a
prefix]
nitrogenous compound

Lin quan ti tai

T
Tng, pht trin

Latin (auris), the ear

Greek -

tm nh v tm tht of tim)
Aural (cm nhn bng tai)
Autoimmune ( t min dich)
auxocardia (bnh tim to)

Lin quan ti nch

Latin (axilla), armpit

Axilla ( t y hc of nch)

Hp cht cha Nito

Azothermia (Bnh tng nhit

do hm lng nito trong mu)

B
Tin t/
H
u
t

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit

T gc

V d

Nh, hai
Sinh, sng

Greek - balanos,
acorn, glans
Latin
Ancient Greek
Greek

Balanitis (Quy u dng

vt)
Binary ( Nh phn)
Biology ( Sinh hc)
Blastomere ( Mt trong
nhng tb k to ra do s
phn ct hp t)
Blepharoplast ( ht c
bn of trng roi)
Brachiopod (Loi tay
cun), brachiate (ong
a tay nh kh)

bibio-

Of the glans penis or

glans clitoridis
twice, double
Life

blast(o)-

germ or bud

Mm, chi

blephar(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
eyelid

Lin quan ti m mt

brachi(o)-

Of or relating to the arm

Lin quan ti Tay

brachy-

Indicating 'short' or less

commonly 'little'

Ch ngn hoc t

brady-

'slow'

Chm

bronch(i)-

bronchus

Ph qun

balano-

bucc(o)burs(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
cheek
bursa (fluid sac between
the bones)

Quy u

Ancient Greek
(blpharon), eyelid
Latin (brachium), from
Ancient Greek
(brachin), arm
Ancient Greek
(brachys), short, little,
shallow
Ancient Greek
(bradys), slow

Lin quan ti m

Latin (bucca), cheek

Bao hot dch

Latin

brachycephalic (Bnh u
rng thp)
Bradycardia (Nhp tim
thp, nh hn 60)
Bronchiolitis obliterans
(Vim tiu ph qun tc
nghn)
Buccolabial (Lin quan
ti vng m mi)
Bursitis ( Vim bao hot
dch)

C
Tin t/ Hu t

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit

T gc

V d
Capillus ( lng
trn c th, c
bit l tc trn
u)

capill-

Of or pertaining to hair

Lin quan ti tc, lng

Latin (capillus), hair

capit-

Pertaining to the head (as a

whole)

Lin quan ti u (ton

b)

carcin(o)-

Cancer

Ung th

cardi(o)-

Of or pertaining to the heart

Lin quan ti tim

carp(o)-

Of or pertaining to the wrist

Lin quan ti c tay

Latin (caput, capit-), the

head
Greek

(karkinos), crab
Ancient Greek
(karda), heart
Latin (carpus) < Ancient
Greek (karps),
wrist; NOTE: This root
should not be confused
with the mirror root
carp(o)- Anh-Anh fruit.

cata-

down, under

Di

Greek (kata)

-cele

pouching, hernia

Thot v, sng, khi u

Ancient
(kl)

-centesis

surgical
aspiration

Phu thut c thng

ht kh hoc dch

Ancient Greek
(kentsis)

cephal(o)-

Of or pertaining to the head

(as a whole)

Lin quan ti u

cerat(o)-

Of or pertaining to the cornu;

a horn

Lin quan ti sng

cerebell(o)-

Of or pertaining
cerebellum

Lin quan ti ti no

cerebr(o)-

Of or pertaining to the brain

Lin quan ti no

Latin (cerebrum), brain

cervic-

Of or pertaining to the neck,

the cervix

Lin quan ti c, c t
cung

Latin (cervix, cervc-),

neck, cervix

chem(o)-

chemistry, drug

Thuc, ha cht

Greek

chir(o)-, cheir(o)-

Of or pertaining to the hand

Lin quan ti tay

chlor(o)-

Denoting a green color

Biu th mu lc

chol(e)-

cholecyst(o)-

puncture

for

to

the

Of or pertaining to bile

Of or pertaining
gallbladder

to

the

Greek

Ancient Greek
(kphal), the head
Ancient Greek ,
- (kras, kerat-), a
horn
Latin (cerebellum), little
brain

Ancient Greek ,
- (cheir, cheiro-),
hand
Ancient Greek
(chloros), green, yellowgreen

Lin quan ti mt

Ancient Greek
(chol), bile

Lin quan ti ti mt

Ancient
Greek

(cholkstis), gallbladder
< (chol), bile, gall
+ (kstis), bladder

Carcinoma (Ung
thu biu m)
Cardiology ( Tim
hc)
Carpopedal (Lin
quan ti c tay
hoc chn)
Cataract
(c
thy tinh th)
Hydrocele (Sng
au dng ti dch
tinh hon)
Amniocentesis
(Chc ly nc
i)
Cephalocentesis(L
y dch no ty)
Ceratoid
sng)

(dng

Cerebellum (Tiu
no)
Cerebrology (No
hc)
Cervicodorsal
(gy)
Chemotherapy
(Ha tr)
Chiropractor (Bc
s chuyn khoa
chnh hnh)
Chlorophyll (Dip
lc)
Cholaemia (Suy
gim chc nng
mt)
Cholecystectomy
(Ct ti mt)

chondr(i)o-

cartilage,
granular

chrom(ato)-

-cidal, -cide

Ancient Greek
(chondros)

color

Mu

Ancient Greek

killing, destroying

Tiu dit, hy

Latin

Lin quan ti lng mao,

lng mi, m mt
Ch ci xung quanh ci
khc
Pha ny

< Latin (cilium), eyelash;

eyelid

Ciliary (Lng mi)

Latin (circum), around

Circumcision (Ct
bao quy u)

cis-

Of or pertaining to the cilia,

the eyelashes; eyelids
Denoting
something
as
'around' another
on this side

Clast

Break

Ph v

Greek

co-

with, together, in association

Lin kt, vi,..

Latin

col-, colo-, colono-

Colon

Lin quan ti i trng

colp(o)-

Of or pertaining to the vagina

Lin quan ti m o

com-

with, together

Vi, cng

circum-

granule,

Chondrocalcinosis
(Hi chng to si
trong m lin kt)
Hemochromatosis
(Hi chng c th
hp th qu nhiu
st,
bnh
di
truyn)
Bacteriocidal (Tc
nhn dit khun)

Sn, xng sn, ht...

cili-

gristle,

Latin (cis)

Ancient Greek
(klpos), bosom, womb;
hollow, depth
Latin

Contra

Against

Chng li

Latin

cor-

with, together

--

cor-, core-, coro-

Of or pertaining to eye's pupil

Lin quan ti con ngi

Latin
Ancient Greek
(kr), girl, doll; pupil of
the eye

cordi-

Of or pertaining to the heart

[Uncommon as a prefix]

Lin quan ti tim

Latin (cor, cordi-), heart

cornu-

Applied to processes and

parts of the body describing
them likened or similar to
horns

B phn c th k m t
nh sng

Latin (corn), horn

cost(o)-

Of or pertaining to the ribs

cox-

Of or relating to the hip,

haunch, or hip-joint

Lin quan ti xng

sn
Lin quan ti mng,
khp mng

Latin (costa), rib

Latin (coxa), hip

crani(o)-

Belonging or relating to the

cranium

Lin quan ti hp s

Latin
(cranium)
<
Ancient Greek
(krnion), the cranium,
skull, bones enclosing
the brain

-crine

to secrete

Tit

ecrine

cry(o)-

Cold

Lnh

Greek

cutane-

Skin

Da, b

Latin cutis

cyan(o)-

Denotes a blue color

Ch mu xanh cyan ( chi

Ancient Greek ,

osteoclast ( TB
tiu xng)
Coenzymes (Enz
lin kt vi 1 tiu
phn
k
phi
protien)
Colonoscopy (Ni
soi i trng)
Colposcopy
c t cung)

(Soi

Contraindicate
(Ch ra nguy him
hoc tc dng
ph)
Corectomy (Phu
thut con ngi)
Commotio cordis
(Tim ngng p
do 1 tc ng
mnh vo tim)

Costochondral
(sn sn)
Coxitis ( Vim
khp hng)
Craniology
( Nghnh nghin
cu hp s)
Endocrine
(Ni
tit)
Cryoablation (Ct
b m bng nhit
siu lnh)
Subcutaneous
(di da)
Cyanopsia
(1

tit mu ny trn google)

(kanos,
kyneos), blue

Vng
Biu th 1 vt cong, mt
dng khc khng ph
bin ca kyph(o)-

Greek (kuklos)
Ancient Greek
(kphs),
bent,
hunchback
Ancient Greek
(kstis); bladder, cyst

cycl-

circle, cycle

cyph(o)-

Denotes something as bent

(uncommon as a prefix)

cyst(o)-, cyst(i)-

Of or pertaining to the urinary

bladder

Lin quan
quang

cyt(o)-

Cell

Tb

Greek

-cyte

Cell

--

Greek

ti

bng

bnh m mu,
nhn tats c thnh
mu xanh)
Cyphosis
(=Kyphosis,
g
lng)
Cystotomy ( Phu
thut ct bng
quang)
Cytokine
( Proteins k TB
tit ra truyn
t tn hiu vs TB
khc)
Leukocyte (Bch
cu)

D
Tin t/ Hu t

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit

T gc

dacryo-

Tear

Nc mt

Greek

dactyl(o)-

Of or pertaining to a finger, toe

Lin quan ti ngn tay,

ngn chn

Ancient Greek
(dktylos), finger, toe

de-

away from, cessation

Xa, chm dt

dent-

Of or pertaining to teeth

Lin quan ti rng

Latin deLatin (dens,

tooth
Ancient Greek
dmat-), skin,
skin

dentis),
,
(drma,
human

dermat(o)-,
derm(o)-

Of or pertaining to the skin

Lin quan ti da

-desis

Binding

Buc, gi, c nh

Greek (desis)

dextr(o)-

right, on the right side

Bn phi

Latin dexter

di-

Two

Greek -

di-

apart, separation

Tch, tho

dia-

(same as Greek mean)

Xuyn, ct qua,...

dif-

apart, separation
Of or pertaining to the finger
[rare as a root]

--

Latin
Ancient Greek (di),
through, during, across
Latin
Latin (digitus), finger,
toe

digit-

Lin quan ti ngn tay

-dipsia

Suffix mean "(condition of)

thirst"'

Kht

dis-

separation, taking apart

--

Latin dis-

dors(o)-,
dors(i)-

Of or pertaining to the back

Lin quan ti Lng

Latin (dorsum), back

duodeno-

duodenum, twelve: upper part

of the small intestine (twelve
inches long on average),
connects to the stomach

T trng

Latin duodeni

dynam(o)-

force, energy, power

Quyn lc, sc mnh,

nng lng

Greek
(dunamis)

-dynia

Pain

au

dys-

bad, difficult

Ti t, kh

Greek -

V d
Dacryorrhea
(chy
nhiu nc mt)
Dactylology ( Ngn
ng c ch cho ng
cm ic)

Dentist (Nha s)
Dermatology
liu)

(Da

Arthrodesis (c nh
khp)
Dextrocardia (Tt tim
bnh phi)
Diplopia (chng nhn
i)
Diastasis (giai on
gia of 1 nhp tim)
Digit (ngn tay, chn)
polydipsia
(Hi
chng kht nc qu
mc)
Dissection (Bc tch)
dorsal
(lng),
Dorsocephalad
(v
phi sau u)
Duodenal
atresia
(Hp t trng)

Vulvodynia (au mn
tnh m h)
Dysphagia
(chng
kh nut)

E
Tin t/ Hu t

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit

T gc

V d

-eal
ec-

pertaining to
out, away

Lin quan ti...

Ra xa

Latin
Greek - (ek-)

ect(o)-

outer, outside

Bn ngoi

Greek

-ectasis, -ectasia

expansion, dilation

M rng, dn

Ancient Greek

-ectomy

Denotes a surgical
operation or removal
of a body part.
Resection, excision

Phu thut ct b 1 hay ton

b

Ancient Greek
(ectom), excision

-emesis

vomiting condition

Nn, i

Greek

Trng thi, tnh trng mu

Greek
blood

Lin quan ti no, xem thm

Cerebro

Ancient Greek
(enkphalos), the brain

Encephalogram (No
)

Ancient
Greek
(endo-), inside, internal
Eosin comes from Eos, the
Greek word for 'dawn' and
the name of the Greek
Goddess of the Dawn.
Ancient Greek
(nteron), intestine
Ancient Greek - (epi-),
before, upon, on, outside,
outside of
Ancient Greek (epsion), the pubic area,
loins; vulva
Ancient Greek
(erythros), red

Endocrinology (Ni
tit hc)
Eosinophil
granulocyte (Thiu
ht bt thng bch
cu c ht trong mu)
Gastroenterology
( Rut hc ??? O.o)
Epistaxis (chy mu
cam),, epidural (ngoi
mng cng)

-emia
encephal(o)endo-

blood
condition
(AmE)
Of or pertaining to
the brain. Also see
Cerebro.
Denotes something
as 'inside' or 'within'

Ch ci bn trong

-,

without

eosin(o)-

Red

Mu

enter(o)-

Of or pertaining to
the intestine

Lin quan ti rut

epi-

[Same as Greek
Mean: on, upon]

Bn ngoi, trc, trn

episi(o)-

Of or pertaining to
the pubic region, the
loins

Lin quan ti vng m h

erythr(o)-

Denotes a red color

Ch mu

gullet (AmE)

Thc qun

Greek

sensation (AmE)

Cm gic

Greek

eu-

true, good, well, new

ng, tt, mi

Greek

ex-

Out of, away from

Ra khi, i t, li ra ngoi

Latin

exo-

Denotes something
as 'outside' another

Bn ngoi ci khc

Ancient Greek - (exo-),

outside of, external

extra-

outside

Ngoi

Latin

-esophageal,
-esophago
esthesio-

Ectopic
pregnancy
(Thai ngoi t cung)
Bronchiectasis (Gin
ph qun)
Mastectomy (Ct b
v)
Hematemesis (Nn ra
mu)
Anemia (Bnh thiu
mu)

Episiotomy
(Ct
taanngf sinh mn)
Erythrocyte
cu)

(hng

Eukaryote ( Nhn
tht)
Exophthalmos (Li
mt)
Exoskeleton
(B
xng ngoi)
Extradural hematoma
(Tch t mu ngoi
mng cng trn no)

F
Tin t/ Hu t

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit

faci(o)-

Of or pertaining to the face

Lin quan ti mt

fibr(o)

fiber

Si

filli-

fine, hair like

-form, -iform

Used to form adjectives

indicating 'having the form of'

Nh tc
Hnh thnh tnh t ch
c hnh dng, hnh
thc...
Khu vc, knh, rnh
trng rng

fossa
front-

A hollow or depressed area;

trench or channel
Of or pertaining to the
forehead

Lin quan ti trn

T gc

Latin (facis), the

face, countenance

V d

Facioplegia (T lit mt)

Fibroblast (Si nguyn
bo)

Latin (forma), form,

shape
Latin (fossa), ditch, pit
Latin (frns, front-),
the forehead

Cuneiform
gai)

(Dng

hnh

fossa ovalis (M tnh

mch hin)
Frontonasal (ch xng
trn v mi)

10

G
Tin t/ Hu t

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit

T gc

V d
Galactorrhea ( Bnh tit
sa nam gii hoc ph
n cha con)
Gastric bypass ( Mt
phu thut ct b 1 phn
d dy)
(1) Endogen ( Cy mt
l mm, mc nh nng
lng bn trong n)
(2) Heterogenous
( khng tng t, k
ng nht)
Cardiogenic shock (Sc
tim)
Genu valgum ( nghin
vo pha bn trong of
i)

galact(o)-

milk

Sa

Greek , -

gastr(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
stomach

Lin quan ti d dy

Ancient Greek
(gastr),
-,
stomach, belly

-gen

(1) Denotes the sense

'born in, from' (2)
Denotes the sense 'of a
certain kind'

1. Ch sinh ra t,
trong...
2. Ch 1 loi nht nh

Ancient Greek - (gens) < - (gennein), to be born

-genic

Formative, pertaining
to producing

Hnh thnh, lin quan ti

sn xut

Greek

genu-

Of or pertaining to the
knee

Lin quan ti u gi

Latin (gen), knee

gingiv-

Of or pertaining to the
gums

Lin quan ti nu

Latin (gingva), gum

glauc(o)-

Denoting a grey or
bluish-grey colour

Ch mu xanh xm hoc
xm

gloss(o)-, glott(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
tongue

Lin quan ti li

gluco-

glucose

--

glyco-

sugar

ng

gnath(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
jaw

Lin quan ti hm

Ancient Greek
(gnthos), jaw

-gnosis

knowledge

Hiu bit

Greek

gon(o)-

seed, semen;
reproductive

Ht, tinh dch, sinh sn

Ancient Greek

Gonorrhea (Bnh lu)

-gram, -gramme

record or picture

Bn thu hay hnh nh

(Biu )

Greek (gramma)

Angiogram ( Mch )

-graph

instrument used to
record data or picture

Dng c thu d liu

hay hnh nh

Ancient Greek -
(-grapha),
written,
drawn,
graphic
interpretation

Electrocardiograph
( My in tim)

-graphy

process of recording

Qu trnh thu ghi

gyn(aec)o- (BrE),
gyn(ec)o- (AmE)

woman

Ph n

also,

Ancient Greek
(glaukos), grey, bluishgrey
Ancient Greek ,
(glssa, gltta),
tongue
Greek , sweet

Greek , -

Gingivitis ( Vim nu)

Glaucoma ( Bnh tng
nhn p)
Glossology ( Thit hc)
Glycolysis
(ng
phn)
Gnathodynamometer
( Thit b o sc mnh
hm)
diagnosis (chun on),
prognosis (tin lng)

Angiography
(Chp
ng mch)
Gynecomastia (Ri lon
pht trin v to bt
thng nam gii)

11

H
Tin t/Hu t

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit
Lang thang trong tm
tr

T gc
Classical
Latin
to
wander in mind
Latin (hma) < Ancient
Greek , (haima, haimat-), blood

halluc-

to wander in mind

hemat-,
haemato(haem-, hem-)

Of or pertaining to
blood

Lin quan ti mu

hema or hemo-

blood (AmE)

Mu

hemangi or hemangio-

blood vessels

M mu

hemi-

one-half

1/2

hepat- (hepatic-)

Of or pertaining to the
liver

Lin quan ti gan

heter(o)-

Denotes something as
'the other' (of two), as
an
addition,
or
different

Ch ci khc trong 2
ci, ci thm vo, ci
khc

Ancient Greek
(hteros), the other (of
two), another; different

hidr(o)-

sweat

M hi

Greek -

hist(o)-, histio-

tissue

home(o)-

similar

Tng t

Greek
Ancient Greek
(homoios)
Ancient Greek (homo-), the same,
common
Incorrect Etymology <
Latin
(umerus),
shoulder

hom(o)humer(o)hydr(o)hyperhyp(o)hyster(o)-

Denotes something as
'the same' as another
or common
Of or pertaining to the
shoulder (or [rarely]
the upper arm)
water
Denotes something as
'extreme' or 'beyond
normal'
Denotes something as
'below normal'
Of or pertaining to the
womb, the uterus

Greek
Ancient Greek (hmi-), "half"
Ancient Greek ,
- (hpar, hpato-),
the liver

Ch 1 vt ging 1 ci
khc hoc ph bin
Ch vai (hoc c khi
cnh tay trn)

Greek

Nc
Cc, qu k bnh thng
Duwois
thng

mc

bnh

Lin quan ti t cung

Ancient Greek
(hyper), over, above;
beyond, to the extreme
Ancient Greek ()(hypo-), below, under
Ancient Greek
(hystra), womb

V d
Hallucinosis (bnh
o gic)
Hematology
hc)

(huyt

Hematological
malignancy (Mu c
tnh)
Cerebral hemisphere
(Bn cu no)
Hepatology
hc)

(gan

Heterogeneous
(Khng ng nht)
Hyperhidrosis (Bnh
tng m hi)
Histology (M hc)
Homeopathy
(Vi
lng ng cn)
Homosexuality
( ng tnh)
Humerus
tay)

(x.cnh

Hydrophobe
cng b mt)

(sc

Hypertension
huyt p)

(Cao

Hypovolemia (gim
khi lng mu)
Hysterectomy (Ct
b t cung)

12

I
Tin t/ Hu
t

-i-asis

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit

T gc

V d

Tnh trng

Greek -

Mydriasis (Gin ng t)

Ch y hc, bc si (tin
t t ph bin, hu t
-iatry ph bin hn)

Ancient Greek
(itrs),
healer,
physician

Iatrochemistry (Ha y)

-ic

condition
Of or pertaining to
medicine, or a physician
[uncommon as a prefix;
common as as suffix, see
-iatry]
Denotes
a
field
in
medicine of a certain body
component
pertaining to

Lin quan n

Ancient Greek
(itrs),
healer,
physician
Greek - (-ikos)

-icle

small

Nh

Latin

-ics

organized
treatment

T chc nghin cu,

iu tr

idio-

self, one's own

T..

Latin -ica < Greek <

-
Greek , idios,
"one's own"

ileo-

ileum

Hi trng

Greek

infra-

below

Di

Latin

inter-

between, among

Gia, trong s

Latin

intra-

within

Trong

Latin

ipsi-

same

Ging

Latin

irid(o)-

iris

Mng mt

ischio-

Of or pertaining to the
ischium, the hip-joint

Lin quan ti x.ct,

khp hng

Greek
Ancient Greek
(ischin),
hip-joint,
ischium

-ism

condition, disease

Tnh trng, bnh

-ismus

spasm, contraction

Co tht

Greek -

iso-

Denoting something
being 'equal'

Ch 1 ci j bng

Ancient Greek
(sos), equal

-ist

one who specializes in

Ngi chuyn v...

Greek - (-istes)

-ite
-itis

the nature of, resembling

inflammation

Bn cht, ging nh...

Vim

Greek -

-ium

structure, tissue

Cu trc, m

isch-

Restriction

Hn ch, thiu

iatr(o)-

-iatry

knowledge,

as

Chuyn khoa

Greek

Psychiatry (Tm thn)

Hepatic artery (ng mch gan)
Ovarian follicle (Bung trng
nang)
Obstetrics (Sn khoa)
Idiopathic (t pht)
Ileocecal valve (van 1 ng
mch hi trng, cha hc,
on k ra)
Infrahyoid muscles (c di
mng, 4 c)
Interarticular ligament(dy chn
gian sn)
Intracranial hemorrhage (xut
huyt ni s)
Ipsilateral hemiparesis (yu na
ngi cng bn)
Iridectomy ( Ct mng mt)
Ischioanal fossa ( h chu)
Dwarfism (Ln)
Hemiballismus ( co tht c, hay
xy ra chi trn)
Isotonic (ng trng)
Pathologist ( Nh nguyn cu
bnh hc)
Hermaphrodite (Lng tnh)
Tonsillitis (Vim amidan)
Pericardium (mng ngoi of
tim)
Ischemia (Thiu mu cc b)

13

K
Tin t/ Hu t
kal/i

potassium

Kali

karyo-

nucleus

Ht nhn

Greek , "nut"

kerat(o)-

cornea (eye or skin)

Gic mc

Greek

movement

Chuyn ng

Greek

koil(o)-

hollow

Trng rng

Greek (koilos)

kyph(o)-

humped

Bu, g

Greek

kin(e)-,
kinesi(o)-

kin(o),

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit

T gc

V d

Eukaryote (Nhn
tht)
Keratoscope (Thit
b kim tra cong
gic mc)
Kinesthesia (nhn
thc v chuyn
ng trong khng
gian)
Koilocyte(Tb
rng)
Kyphoscoliosis
(cong vo ct
sng)

14

L
Tin t/ Hu t

Anh-Anha

Anh-Vit

T gc

labi(o)-

Of or pertaining to the lip

Lin quan ti mi

Latin (labium), lip

lacrim(o)-

tear

Nc mt

Latin

lact(i)-, lact(o)

milk
Of or pertaining to the
abdomen-wall, flank
Of or pertaining to the
larynx, the lower throat
cavity where the voice
box is

Sa
Lin quan ti sn,
bng, hng

Latin
Ancient Greek
(lapr), flank

Lin quan ti thanh

qun

Ancient Greek ,
(lrynx,
laryng-), throat, gullet

latero-

lateral

Bn

Latin

lei(o)-

smooth

Mn, trn

Greek

-lepsis, -lepsy

attack, seizure

Tn cng,, bt gi

Greek

lept(o)-

light, slender

Nh, mnh

leuc(o)-, leuk(o)-

Denoting a white color

Biu th mu trng

Greek (leptos)
Ancient Greek
(leukos), white, bright

lapar(o)laryng(o)-

lingu(a)-, lingu(o)lip(o)lith(o)log(o)-logist
-logy

Of or pertaining to the
tongue
fat
stone, calculus
speech
Denotes someone who
studies a certain field:
_____-logy
Denotes the academic
study or practice of a
certain field; The study of

Lin quan ti li

Latin (lingua), tongue

Bo
, gii
Pht biu
Biu th ngi nghin
cu -logy ca ngnh

Biu th s nghin cu,

hc tp of 1 ngnh
nht nh

Greek
Greek
Greek
Ancient
Greek

(logists),
studier, practitioner
Ancient Greek o
(logos) study

lymph(o)-

lymph

Bch huyt

Greek ,

lys(o)-, -lytic
-lysis

dissolution
Destruction, separation

Gii th
Ph hy, tch

Greek
Greek

V d
Labiodental (thuc v
mi)
Lacrimal
canaliculi
(ng l)
Lactation (Cho con b)

Laparotomy (M bng)
Larynx (Thanh qun)
Lateral pectoral nerve
(Tk ngc bn)
Leiomyoma (khi u
lnh tnh c trn)
Epilepsy (bnh ng
kinh),
narcolepsy
(chng ng r)
Leukocyte (Bch cu)
Linguistics (Ngn ng
hc)
Liposuction (Ht m)
Lithotripsy (tn si)
pathologist (bc s gii
phu bnh)
hematology
(huyt
hc), urology (Tit
niu)
Lymphedema (ph bch
huyt)
Lysosome
Paralysis (t lit)

15

M
Tin t/ Hu t

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit

T gc

V d
Macrophage (i thc
bo)
Osteomalacia
(long
xng)
Mammogram (chp xquang v)

macr(o)-

large, long

Ln, di

Greek

-malacia

softening

Lm mm,

Greek

Lin quan ti v

Latin (mamma),
udder

Lin quang ti nm v

Latin (mammilla), nipple

Lin quan ti bn tay

Latin (manus), hand

Manufacture (Sn xut)

mast(o)-

Of or pertaining to
the breast

Lin quan ti v

Ancient Greek
(masts), breast, women's
breast; man's pectoral
muscle

Mastectomy (Ct b
v)

meg(a)-,
megal(o)-,
-megaly

enlargement

M rng, pht to ra

Greek

Splenomegaly
to)

melan(o)-

black color

Mu en

Ancient Greek ,
- (melas, melano-),
black; dark

Melanin

mamm(o)mammill(o)manu-

Of or pertaining to
the breast
Of or pertaining to
the nipple
Of or pertaining to
the hand

breast;

(Lch

erythromelalgia (cm
gic au nhi nh b
bng, tng nhit v
mn )
Meningitis (Vim mng
no)
merocrine (tit cc TB
m khng lm tuyn b
h hi), meroblastic(s
phn tch 1 phn)

melos

extremity

Cui

Ancient Greek

mening(o)-

membrane

Mng

Greek , -

mero-

part

1 phn, b phn

Greek (meros), part

mes(o)-

middle

Gia

meta-

after, behind
instrument used to
measure or count
process of measuring
Pertaining
to
conditions
or
instruments of the
uterus
denoting something
as small, or relating
to smallness

Sau

Ancient
Greek
(mesos), "middle"
Greek

Dng c o, tnh

Greek

Qu trnh o

Greek -

Metacarpus ( x.bn tay)

Sphygmomanometer
(My o huyt p)
Optometry (Kim nh)

Trng thi hoc dng c t

cung

Ancient Greek
(mtr), womb, uterus

Metrorrhagia
huyt)

Nh

Ancient Greek
(mikros), small

Microscope (Knh hin

vi)

mon(o)-

single

Greek

morph(o)-

form, shape

Dng, hnh

Greek

-meter
-metry
metr(o)-

micro-

Mesoderm (Trung b)

(bng

Infectious
mononucleosis ( n
nhim)
Morphology (Hnh thi 16

muscul(o)-

muscle

Latin

my(o)-

Of or relating to
muscle

Lin quan ti c

Ancient Greek , (mys,

my-),
muscle;
mouse; mussel

myc(o)-

fungus

Nm

Greek , -

myel(o)-

Of or relating to
bone marrow

Lin quan ti ty xng

Ancient Greek
(myelon), marrow; bonemarrow

myring(o)-

eardrum

Mng nh

Latin myringa

myx(o)-

mucus

Cht nhy

Greek

hc)
Musculoskeletal system
(H thng c xng)
Myoblast (TB tin c)
Onychomycosis (Nm
mng tay, chn)
Myeloblast (TB cha
trng thnh trong ty
xng , l tin thn of
bch cu ht)
Myringotomy
(Phu
thut ct b dch hay
thot m mng nh)
Myxoma (U nim, u
non)

17

N
Tin t/ Hu
t

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit

T gc

narc(o)-

numb, sleep

Ng, t

Greek

nas(o)-

Of or pertaining to the nose

Lin quan ti mi

Latin (nsum), nose

necr(o)-

death

Cht

Greek

neo-

new

Mi

Greek

nephr(o)nerv-

Of or pertaining to the
kidney
Of or pertaining to nerves
and the nervous system
[Uncommon as a root:
neuro- mostly always used]

Lin quan ti thn

Lin quan ti thn kinh
hay h thng thn kinh
(Khng ph bin bng
neuro-)

neur(i)-,
neur(o)-

Of or pertaining to nerves
and the nervous system

--

normo-

normal

Bnh thng

Ancient Greek
(nephrs), kidney
Latin (nervus), tendon;
nerve; Cognate with the
Greek (neuron)
(see below)
Ancient Greek
(neuron), tendon, sinew;
nerve
Latin

V d

narcolepsy (chng ng
r)
Nasal ( thuc v mi,
mi)
Necrotizing
fasciitis
(Hoi t gn chn)
Neoplasm (U mi hnh
thnh)
Nephrology
Nerve (Thn kinh)
Neurofibromatosis ( Hi
chng u mm di da v
trong h thn kinh)
Normocapnia (Trng thi
CO2 trong mu mc
bnh thng)

18

O
Tin t/ Hu t

ocul(o)-

Anh-Anh
Of or pertaining to the
eye

Anh-Vit

T gc

V d
Oculist (Bc s nhn
khoa)

Lin quan ti mt

Latin (oculus), the eye

odont(o)-

Of or pertaining to
teeth

Lin quan ti Rng

Ancient Greek ,
- (odos, odont-),
tooth

orthodontist ( Bc s
chnh rng)

odyn(o)-

pain

au

Greek

Stomatodynia
khoang ming)

-oesophageal,
oesophago- (BrE)

gullet

Cun hng

Greek

-oid

resemblance to

Tng ng vi

Greek -

ole

small or little
Denoting something as
'having little, having
few'
Of or pertaining to the
shoulder

Nh, t

Latin

Ch ci nh, t, vi

Ancient Greek
(oligos), few

Oligotrophy (suy dinh

dng)

Lin quan ti vai

Ancient Greek
(mos), shoulder

Omoplate (x.vai)

-oma
(singular),
-omata (plural)

tumor, mass, collection

Khi u, khi lng

Greek -

Sarcoma(U m lin kt),

Teratoma( u lan)

omphal(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
navel, the umbilicus

Lin quan ti rn

onco-

tumor, bulk, volume

U, ln

onych(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
nail (of a finger or toe)

Lin quan ti mng

tay, chn

oo-

Of or pertaining to the
an egg, a woman's egg,
the ovum

Lin quan ti trng

oophor(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
woman's ovary

Lin quan ti bung

trng

ophthalm(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
eye

Lin quan ti mt

optic(o)-

Of or relating to
chemical properties of
the eye

Lin quan c tnh ha

hc of mt)

or(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
mouth

Lin quan ti ming

olig(o)om(o)-

Ancient
Greek
(omphals),
navel, belly-button
Greek
Ancient Greek < ,
(nyx,
nycho-), nail; claw;
talon
Ancient Greek ,
- (n, o-), egg,
ovum
Neoclassical
Greek
(ophron),
ovary, egg-bearing
Ancient
Greek

(ophthalms), the eye

Middle
French
(optique) < Greek

(optiks);
Cognate with Latin
oculus, relating to the
eye
Latin (s, or-), mouth

(au

Sarcoidosis ( Hi chng
nh hng nhiu c quan
khc nhau, dn ti u ht)

Omphalotomy
Oncology (U hc)
Onychophagy (thi quen
cn mng tay)
Oogenesis(s hnh thnh
v pht trin ca trng)
Oophorectomy
Ophthalmology
khoa)

(Nhn

Opticochemical

Oral (ming)

19

orchi(o)-, orchid(o)-,
orch(o)-

testis

Tinh hon

orth(o)-

Denoting something as
straight or correct

Ch n nhng ci
ng v thng

osseoossi-

a condition, disease or
increase
bony
bone

Tnh trng, bnh tt

hoc tng
Xng
-

ost(e)-, oste(o)-

bone

-osis

ot(o)-ous
ovari(o)ovo-, ovi-, ovoxooxy-

Of or pertaining to the
ear
pertaining to
Of or pertaining to the
ovaries
Of or pertaining to the
eggs, the ovum
addition of oxygen
sharp, acid, acute,
oxygen

Lin quan ti tai

Lin quan ti
Lin quan ti bung
trng
Lin quan ti trng
B sung Oxi
Nt, acid, cp tnh,
oxy...

Greek (orkhis,
orkhi-)
Ancient Greek
(orthos),
straight,
correct, normal

Orchiectomy,
Orchidectomy

Greek -

Psychosis (tm thn)

Latin
Latin

Orthodontist
chnh rng)

Osteoporosis
xng)

Greek
Ancient Greek ,
- (ous, t-), the ear
Latin -osus

(Bc

(Long

Otopathy (bnh of tai)

Latin (varium), ovary

Ovariectomy

Latin (vum),
ovum
Greek

Ovogenesis (Qu trnh

hnh thnh giao t ci)

egg,

Greek

20

P
Tin t/ Hu t

pachy-

Anh-Anh

thick

T gc

Dy

Greek

V d

pachyderma
thng)

(da

dy

papill-

Of or pertaining to the nipple

(of the chest/breast)

Lin quan ti nm
(v hoc ngc)

papul(o)-

Indicates papulosity, a small

elevation or swelling in the
skin, a pimple, swelling

Nt nh, cao, sng

ty trn da, mn nht

para-

alongside of, abnormal

Bn cnh, bt thng

-paresis

slight paralysis

T lit nh

Latin
(palpebra),
eyelid
Ancient Greek ,
- (pas, pan-), all,
every
Latin
(papilla),
nipple; dimunitive of
papula (see below)
Latin
(papula),
pimple, pustle; a
small elevation or
swelling in the skin
Ancient Greek
(para)
Greek

parvo-

small

Nh

Latin parvus

path(o)-

disease

Chng, bnh

-pathy

Denotes (with a negative

sense) a disease, or disorder

Bnh, ri lon

Greek
Ancient Greek
(pathos), suffering,
accident

ped-,
-ped-,
-pes
pelv(i)-,
pelv(o)-penia

Of or pertaining to the foot;

-footed

Lin quan ti chn

Latin ps, pd-, foot

hip bone

Xng hng, chu

Latin

Pelvis (Khung chu)

deficiency

Greek

osteopenia (Thiu xng)

peo-

Of or pertaining to the penis

Thiu
Lin quan ti dng
vt

Greek (peos)

Peotomy

-pepsia

Denotes something relating

to digestion, or the digestive
tract.

Ch s tiu ha,
ng tiu ha

through
Denoting something with a
position 'surrounding' or
'around' another

Thng qua
Ch 1 vt v tr
xung quanh hay vng
quanh vt khc

-pexy

fixation

C nh, sa

phaco-, phako

lens-shaped

Hnh,
knh

palpebrpan-, pant(o)-

perperi-

Of or pertaining to the eyelid

[uncommon as a root]
Denoting
something
as
'complete' or containing
'everything'

Anh-Vit

Lin quan ti m mt
Ch 1 ci j hon
ton, cha mi th

dng

Ancient
Greek

(pepts)
cooked, digested <
(pss) I boil,
cook; digest
Latin
Ancient Greek
(peri), around
Greek

thu

Greek

bt

Palpebra (m mt)
panophobia (bnh s mi
th)
Papillitis (vim nm)
Papulation (s hnh thnh u
nht)

hemiparesis (lit na ngi)

Parvovirus (vius nh, thuc
loi Parvoviridae)
Pathology (Bnh hc)
sociopathy (Ri lon giao
tip), neuropathy (Ri lon
thn kinh)
Pedoscope (my o kch
thc chn)

Dyspepsia (Ri lon tiu ha)

Periodontal (Nha chu)

Nephropexy (phu thut c
nh thn)
Phacolysis (phu thut ct c
thy tinh th), phac(/k)ometer
(dng c o cong thy
21
tinh th)

eating, devouring
Forms nouns that denote a
person who 'feeds on' the
first element or part of the
word
Forms nouns that denotes
'feeding on' the first element
or part of the word

n, nut

Ancient Greek
(phaga) eating <
(phagein) to
eat
Greek -

Ch ngi n
mt yu t hoc mt
phn

Ancient
Greek
(phagists)
eater; see -phagia

phallo-

phallus

Tng dng vt

pharmaco-

drug, medication

Thuc

pharyng(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
pharynx, the upper throat
cavity

Lin quan ti c
hng

-phil(ia)

attraction for

Thu ht vi...

Greek

Hemophilia (Chng mu kh
ng)

phleb(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
(blood) veins, a vein

Lin quan ti tnh

mch

Ancient Greek ,
(phleps,
phlebo-),
bloodvessel, vein

Phlebography (Tnh mch )

, Phlebotomy (Chch tnh
mch)

-phobia

exaggerated fear, sensitivity

S hi thi qu, nhy

cm

Greek

phon(o)-

sound

m thanh

Greek

phos-

Of or pertaining to light or its

chemical properties, now
historic and used rarely. See
the common root phot(o)below.

Lin quan ti nh
sng, xem t gc
phot(o)- bn di

Ancient Greek ,
- (phs, pht-),
light

phot(o)-

Of or pertaining to light

Lin quan ti nh
sng

piri-

Pear

L, hnh l

Ancient Greek ,
- (phs, pht-),
light
Latin pirum, pear

phren(i)-,
phren(o)-,
phrenico

the mind

Tm, ngh

Greek , -

-plasia

formation, development

-plasty

surgical repair, reconstruction

-plegia

paralysis

T lit

Greek

pleio-

more, excessive, multiple

Nhiu, a, hn

Greek pleion

pleur(o)-,
pleur(a)

Of or pertaining to the plera

Lin quan ti mng

phi

-plexy
pneum(o)-

stroke or seizure
Of or pertaining to the lungs

t qu, thu gi
Lin quan ti phi

-phage,
-phagia
-phagophagist-:

-phagy

Forms
terms
denoting
conditions relating to eating
or ingestion

Biu th s n ung
hoc n

Ch vic n mt yu
t hoc mt t

Hnh thnh, pht

trin
Phu thut chnh sa,
xy dng li

Ancient Greek
(phagia) eating; see
-phagia
Greek

(phallos)
Greek
Ancient
Greek
,
(phrynx, phryng-),
throat,
windpipe;
chasm

Greek
Greek

Latin (pleura) from

Ancient
Greek
(pleurn),
rib, side of the body
Greek
Ancient
Greek
, (pneumn,
pneumon-), lung <

Sarcophagia (n tht)
phagocyte (thc bo)
Lotophagi (Ngi n hoa
sen)
Anthropophagy (Tnh n tht
ngi)
Aphallia (Nam sinh ra thiu
dng vt)
Pharmacology (Dc)
Pharyngitis (Vim hng)

arachnophobia (chng s
nhn)
Phonograph (My quay a) ,
symphony (Bn giao hng)
Phosphene (PH3)

Photopathy (Mt bnh l lin

quan ti nh sng)
Piriformis (c hnh l)
Phrenic nerve (thn kinh
honh) , schizophrenia (tm
thn phn lit) , diaphragm
(c honh)
Achondroplasia (Chng ri
lon to sn)
rhinoplasty (nh dng li
mi)
paraplegia (suy yu hoc mt
cm gic chi di)
pleiomorphism (a hnh trn
1 kiu gen)
Pleurogenous (thuc mng
phi)
Cataplexy (t qu)
Pneumonia (vim phi)

22

pneumat(o)-

air, lung

Kh, phi

pod-,
-pus

Of or pertaining to the foot,

-footed

Lin quan ti bn
chn

production

Sn xut

-pod-,

-poiesis
polio-

Denoting a grey color

Poliomyelitis (bnh bi lit)

porphyr(o)-

Denotes a purple color

Ch mu tm

Ancient
Greek
(porphra),
purple

Porphyroblast ( 1 loi khong

vt mu tm)

post-

Denotes something as 'after'

or 'behind' another

Ch 1 vt pha sau 1
vt khc

Latin (post), after,

behind

Postoperation (sau phu

thut) , Postmortem (sau khi
cht)

pre-

Denotes
something
as
'before' another (in [physical]
position or time)

Ch 1 vt trc 1
vt khc

presby(o)-

old age

prim-

Denotes something as 'first'

or 'most-important'

pro-

Denotes
something
as
'before' another (in [physical]
position or time)

--

proct(o)-

anus, rectum

Hu mn, trc trng

prosop(o)-

face

Khun mt

prot(o)-

Denotes something as 'first'

or 'most important'

--

pseud(o)-

Denotes something false or

fake

Ch sai hoc gi

Ancient Greek

psych(e)-,
psych(o)

Of or pertaining to the mind

Lin quan ti thc

Ancient Greek
(psych), breath, life,
soul

pterygo-

Pertaining to a wing

Lin quang ti cnh

Greek

psor-

Itching
falling, drooping, downward
placement, prolapse
(a
spitting),
spitting,
hemoptysis, the spitting of
blood derived from the lungs
or bronchial tubes

Nga

-ptysis

Ch s nhiu ca 1
vt
Rng, xp

hematopoiesis (To mu)

Ancient
Greek
(polis), grey
Ancient Greek
(polys), much, many

por(o)-

-ptosis

of

Podiatry (bn chn hc ;))

Denotes a
something
pore, porous

poly-

'plurality'

Ch mu xm

(pneuma),
wind, spirit
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek ,
- (pos, pod-),
foot

Gi
Ch 1 vt u tin
hay quan trng
nht

Medieval Latin (pre-)

< (Classical) Latin
(pr), before, in front
of
Greek

Lin quan ti phi

pyel(o)-

pelvis

Trong x.chu

pyo-

pus

Presbyopia (Vin th)

Primary (Tiu hc)

Ancient Greek
(pro), before, in front
of

Procephalic (mt trc of

u)

Greek
(prosopon),
face, mask
Ancient
Greek

(prtos),
first; principal, most
important

Phun, kht, ho ra
mu.... C ngun gc
t phi hoc ng ph
qun

Of or relating to the lungs.

Prematurity (Sinh non)

Latin prmus, first,

most important

T, ri xung, r

pulmon-,
pulmo-

Polymyositis
(vim
c,
thng i km vs vim da)

Latin
(pulmo,
pulmn-,
usually
used in plural), a
lung
Ancient
Greek
(pyelos)
Greek

proctology (ngnh nghin

cu i trng, trc trng, hu
mn)
Prosopagnosia (k c kh nng
nhn ra khun mt)
Protoneuron (Neuron u tin
tin trong 1 phn x ngoi vi)

Psychology (tm l hc),

psychiatry (tm thn)
Lateral pterygoid plate (Mt
cnh j trn x.bm, hc
lt tht wa' h ch nh)
Psoriasis (Vy nn)
Apoptosis (Ci cht c chu
trnh)
Hemoptysis (ho ra mu)

Pulmonary (phi)
Pyelonephritis ( Vim b
thn)
Pyometra (Vim rut tha

23

pyro-

fever

Greek ,

St

cp tnh ng vt, nh ch)

Antipyretic (H st)

Q
Tin t/ Hu t
quadr(i)-

Anh-Anh
four

Anh-Vit

T gc

T, 4

Latin

V d
quadriceps (c t u)

R
Tin t/ Hu t
radiorerect(o)ren(o)reticul(o)retrorhabd(o)rhachi(o)rhin(o)rhod(o)-rrhage
-rrhagia
-rrhaphy
-rrhea (AmE)
-rrhexis
-rrhoea (BrE)
rubr(o)-

Anh-Anh
radiation
again, backward
rectum
Of or pertaining to the
kidney
net
backward, behind
rod shaped, striated
spine
Of or pertaining to the
nose
Denoting a rose-red
color
burst forth
rapid flow of blood
surgical suturing
flowing, discharge
rupture
flowing, discharge
Of or pertaining to the
red nucleus of the brain

Anh-Vit
Bc x
Lp li, thoi, ti
Trc trng

Latin
Latin
Latin

Lin quan ti thn

Latin (rnes), kidney

renal (thn)

Li
Thoi, sau
Hnh que
Gai

Latin
Latin
Greek
Greek
Ancient Greek ,
- (rhs, rhno-),
nose
Ancient Greek
(rhdon), rose
Greek -
Greek -
Greek
Greek -
Greek
Greek -

reticulocyte (hng cu li)

retroversion (s o ngc)
rhabdomyolysis (tiu c vn)
rachialgia (au ct sng)

Lin quan ti mi
Ch mu thm
N, v
Mu chy nhanh
Khu (phu thut)
Chy, x
V
-Lin quan ti ht
nhn of no ( cht
xm chng???)

T gc

Latin (ruber), red

V d
radiowave (sng radio)
relapse (ti pht)

rhinoceros (t gic 1 sng)

rhodophyte (to )
Hemorrhage (xut huyt)
Diarrhea (Tiu chy)
Diarrhoea
Rubrospinal ( nhn xm nh
thp bn, thp trc...)

24

S
Tin t/ Hu t

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit

salping(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
fallopian tubes

Lin quan ti ng n
trng

sangui-, sanguine-

Of or
blood

Lin quan ti mu

sarco-

muscular, fleshlike

C, nh tht

schist(o)-

split, cleft

Tch, hm ch

schiz(o)-

Denoting
something
'split' or 'double-sided'

Ch chia ra, 2 mt

scler(o)-

hardness

Cng

Greek

-sclerosis

hardening of the skin

Da x cng

Greek

scoli(o)-

twisted

Xon

-scope
semi-

instrument for viewing

use of instrument for
viewing
one-half, partly

Dng c xem xt
S dng cng c nghe
nhn
1 na, 1 phn

sial(o)-

saliva, salivary gland

Nc bt, tuyn nc
bt

sigmoid(o)sinistr(o)-

Sigma, xoang sigma

Bn tri

sitosomat(o)-, somatico-

sigmoid, sigmoid colon

left, left side
Of or pertaining to the
sinus
food, grain
body, bodily

spasmo-

-scopy

sinus-

sperma-, spermo-,
spermatosplanchn(i)-,
splanchn(o)splen(o)spondyl(o)-

pertaining

to

T gc
Ancient
Greek
,
-,
(slpinx,
salpingo-)
trumpet (literally)
Latin
(sanguis,
sanguin-), blood

Greek , Greek

(schistos)
Ancient Greek ;
Irregular formation of
the
verb

(schizein), to cut, split

Greek

(skolios)
Greek -
Greek -

V d

Salpingectomy (ct ng
n trng)
Sanguine (lc quan)
sarcoma (Vim m lin
kt)

Schizophrenia (tm thn

ph lit)
atherosclerosis (X va
ng mch)
Multiple sclerosis ( 1 loi
vim x cng ph bin)
scoliosis (vo ct sng)
stethoscope ( ng nghe)
endoscopy (ni soi)

Latin
Greek (sialos)

sialagogue ( 1 loi tho

dc kch thch s tit
nc bt)

Sinusitis (Vim xoang)

Thc n, ng cc
Thn, c th

Greek
Latin
Latin (sinus), a curve,
bend, bay
Greek
Greek

spasm

Cn

Greek

semen, spermatozoa

Tinh dch, tinh trng

Greek
(sperma)

viscera

Ni tng

Greek

spleen
Of or pertaining to the
spine, the vertebra

L lch
Lin quan ti ty
sng, t sng

Greek , Greek /
,

Lin quan ti xoang

Spasmodic dysphonia (au

tht c, c th gy ra mt
ting)
Spermatogenesis
(sinh
tinh)
Splenectomy
Spondylitis (vim
sng)

ct

25

Squama (vy)

Dng, ng
Nh git

(spndylos
/
sphndylos), the spine
Latin (sqmsus), full
of scales; scaly
Greek
Greek

Ch vt nhn mi tn,
hp

Ancient Greek
(stenos), narrow; short

Stenography (Tc k)

S thu hp bt thng
trong mch mu hoc
cc ng ca 1 c quan
hay cu trc

Ancient Greek
(stenos), narrow; short

Stenosis (hp) , Restenosis

(hp mch mu)

Lin quan ti ngc,

ngc trn, khu vc
trn v v di c

Ancient Greek
(stthos),
chest,
cuirass

Stethoscope (ng nghe)

Sc mnh, quyn lc

Greek

stheno-

Denoting something as
'full of scales' or 'scaly'
stop, stand
dripping, trickling
Denoting something as
'narrow in shape' or
pertaining to narrowness
abnormal narrowing in a
blood vessel or other
tubular
organ
or
structure
Of or pertaining to the
upper chest, chest, the
area above the breast
and under the neck
strength, force, power

stom(a)

mouth

Mm, ming

Greek

stomatognathic system (h
thng ming v hu)

stomat(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
mouth

Lin quan ti ming

Ancient Greek ,
(stma,
stomat-), mouth

Stomatogastric (lin quan

ti ming v d dy)

-stomy

creation of an opening

Ct, khoan, to l

Greek -

sub-

beneath

Bn di

Latin

super-

in
excess,
superior

Vt, trn

Latin

supra-

above, excessive

Trn

Latin

sy, syl-, sym-, syn-,

sys-

Indicates
similarity,
likeness,
or
being
together;
Assimilates
before some consonants:
before l to syl-, s to sys-,
before
a
labial
consonant to sym-.

Tng t, cng. ng

Ancient Greek (syn), with, together

squamos(o)-stasis
-staxis
sten(o)-

-stenosis

steth(o)-

above,

Ch vy

colostomy (phu thut to

hu mn gi)
subcutaneous tissue (m
di da)
superior vena cava (tnh
mch ch)
supraorbital vein (mt tnh
mch trn u m qun
ri)
Synalgia (au 1 phn c
th do tn thng 1 vng
khc)

26

T
Tin t/ Hu t

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit

T gc

V d

tachy-

Denoting something as
fast, irregularly fast

Ch nhanh, nhanh
bt thng

Ancient Greek
(tachys), fast, quickly

-tension, -tensive

pressure

p sut, p lc

Latin

Tachycardia
(tim
p
nhanh)
Hypertension (cao huyt
p)

tetan-

rigid, tense

Cng
thng

thec-

case, sheath

V bc

Ancient Greek
(theke)

Intrathecal (bn trong ct

sng)

Lin quan ti nm v

Ancient Greek
(thl), a teat, nipple

Theleplasty (hot ng vs
nm v gi)

thel(e)-, thel(o)thely-

Of or pertaining to a
nipple [uncommon as a
prefix]
Denoting something as
'relating to a woman,
feminine'

nhc,

cng

Ch lin quan ti
ph n

tetanus (un vn)

Ancient Greek
(thlys),
female,
feminine
Ancient
Greek
(therapea)
Ancient Greek
(therms)

Therap(o)-

treatment

Cha

therm(o)-

heat

Nhit

thorac(i)-,
thorac(o)-,
thoracico-

Of or pertaining to the
upper chest, chest; the
area above the breast and
under the neck

Lin quan ti ngc

thromb(o)-

Of or relating to a blood
clot, clotting of blood

Lin quan ti mu
ng, ng mu

thyr(o)-

thyroid

Tuyn gip

thym(o)(ia)-

emotions

Cm xc

-tic
toco-tome

Lin quan ti
Sinh
Dng c ct
Hnh ng ct, rch

Greek -

tono-tony

pertaining to
childbirth
cutting instrument
act of cutting; incising,
incision
tone, tension, pressure
tension

Ancient
Greek
(thrmbos),
lump, piece, clot of
blood
Greek -
Greek:
"thymos,"
spirit, soul; courage;
breath, mind, emotions
Greek -
Greek
Greek

Cng thng, p lc
Cng thng

Greek
Greek -

top(o)-

place, topical

Ni, ti ch

Greek

twisted
toxin, poison

Xon
c

Latin tortus
Greek

-tomy

tort(i)tox(i)-,
toxic(o)-

tox(o)-,

Latin
(thrx)
<
Ancient Greek
(thrax), chest, cuirass

Thelygenous
Hydrotherapy (cha bnh
bng nc)

Thorax (ngc)
Thrombus (huyt khi),
Thrombocytopenia(gim
huyt cu)
dysthymia (ri lon cm
xc do tht vng, trm
cm)

Gastrotomy (ct d dy)

Topical anesthetic (gy m

ti ch)
Torticollis (vo c)
Toxoplasmosis (mt loi
bnh do protoxoan, c th

27

trache(o)-

trachea

Kh qun

trachel(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
neck

Lin quan ti c

trans-

Denoting something as
moving
or
situated
'across' or 'through'

Ch a, chuyn
qua, vt qua

Of or pertaining to hair,
hair-like structure

Lin quan ti lng,

cu trc dng lng

crushing
nourishment,
development

Nghin, p nt
Nui dng, pht
trin

eardrum

Mng nh

trich(i)-,
trich(o)-tripsy
-trophy
tympan(o)-

trichia,

Greek
Ancient
Greek
(trchlos),
neck
Latin (trns), across,
through
Ancient Greek ,
()(thrx,
trich(o)-), hair
Greek
Greek -,
Greek

gay suy gim min dch)

Tracheotomy
Tracheloplasty (Phu thut
sa cha c t cung bng
nha)
Transfusion (truyn)
Trichocyst(Lng roi ca
vk, virus)
Lithotripsy (tn si)
Pseudohypertrophy (tng
kch thc m k ph i)
Tympanocentesis
(phu
thut c mng nh)

28

U
Tin t/ Hu t

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit

T gc

-ula, -ule

small

Nh

Latin

ultra-

beyond, excessive
Of or pertaining to the navel,
the umbilicus
Of or pertaining to the nail, a
claw

Xa, nhiu
Lin quan ti mng,
vut

Latin
Latin
(umbilcus),
navel, belly-button
Latin (unguis), nail,
claw

un(i)-

one

1, c

Latin (unus)

ur(o)-

Of or pertaining to urine, the

urinary system; (specifically)
pertaining to the physiological
chemistry of urine

Lin quan ti h bi
tit, tnh cht ca nc
tiu

Ancient Greek
(ouron), urine

uri(c)-, urico-

uric acid

7,9-Dihydro-1Hpurine-2,6,8(3H)-trione

Greek

urin-

Of or pertaining to urine, the

urinary system

Lin quan ti nc
tiu, h thng tit niu

uter(o)-

Of or pertaining to the uterus

or womb

Lin quan ti t cung

umbilicungui-

Lin quan ti rn

Latin (rna), urine <

Ancient Greek
(ouron), see above.
Latin (uterus), womb,
uterus

V d
Nodule (mt vt nh
cm gic khi s)
Umbilical ( thuc v
rn)
Unguiform
(dng
mng)
Unilateral hearing loss
(suy gaimr thnh
Urology

Uriniferous
(vn
chuyn nc tiu)
Uterus (t cung)

29

V
Tin t/ Hu
t

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit

T gc

Examples

vagin-

Of or pertaining to the
vagina

Lin quan ti m o

Latin (vgna), sheath,

scabbard

varic(o)-

swollen or twisted vein

Sng ho xon mch

Latin varix

vas(o)-

duct, blood vessel

ng dn, mch mu

Latin

vasculo-

blood vessel
Of or pertaining to the
(blood) veins, a vein (used
in terms pertaining to the
vascular system)
Of or pertaining to the belly;
the stomach cavities

Mch mu
Lin quan ti tnh
mch, thng k s
dng trong h thng
ton hon)
Lin quan ti bng, cc
khoang d dy, t cung

Latin vsculum

Of or pertaining to the
ventricles;
any
hollow
region inside an organ

Lin quan ti tm tht,

vng trng bn trong c
quan

-version

turning

Quay, cun xon, r,

ngot, thay i

vesic(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
bladder

Lin quan ti bng

quang, bng i

viscer(o)-

Of or pertaining to the
internal organs, the viscera

Lin quan ti ni tng

venventr(o)ventricul(o)-

Latin (vna),
vessel, vein

Vagina (m o)
Varicose (sng, xon bt
thng)
vasoconstriction
(co
mch)

blood-

Latin (venter), the belly,

the stomach; the womb
Latin
(venter),
the
ventricles of the heart,
the ventricles of the
brain
Latin versi
Latin (vsca), bladder;
blister
Latin (viscera), internal
organs;
plural
of
(viscerum),
internal
organ

Vein
Ventrodorsal (ko di t
bng ra lng)
Cardiac ventriculography
(Biu tm tht)
anteversion (nghing bt
thng v pha trc of 1
c quan) , retroversion (s
o ngc)
Vesica (bng i)
Viscera (ni tng)

30

X
Tin t/ Hu
t

Anh-Anh

Anh-Vit

T gc

V d

xanth(o)-

Denoting a yellow color, an

abnormally yellow color

Ch mu vng, vng bt
thng

Ancient
Greek
(xanths), yellow

xen(o)-

Foreign, different

L, khc

Greek (xenos), stranger

xer(o)-

dry, desert-like

Kh

Greek (xeros), dry

Xanthopath
y
Xenograft
(mnh
ghp ly t
loi khc)
Xerostomia
(kh
ming)

Y
Tin t/ Hu
t

-y

Anh-Anh

condition or process of

Anh-Vit

iu kin, tnh trng, qu trnh

T gc

Latin -ia < Greek

V d

Surgery
(phu
thut)

Z
31

Tin t/ Hu
t

Anh-Anh

zo(o)-

animal, animal life

zym(o)-

fermentation, enzyme

Anh-Vit

T gc

ng vt, cuc sng of ng

vt
Ln men, enz

V d

Greek
Greek

CC B PHN TRONG C TH
B phn
Abdomen
Aorta
Arm
Armpit
Artery
Back
Big toe
Bladder
Blood
Blood clot
Blood vessel
Body
Bone
Bone marrow, marrow
Brain
Breast
Chest
Cheek
Ear
Eggs, ova

T Anh gc Hy Lp
lapar(o)aort(o)brachi(o)arteri(o)cyst(o)haemat-, hemat- (haem-, hem-)
thromb(o)angi(o)somat-, somoste(o)myel(o)encephal(o)mast(o)steth(o)ot(o)oo-

T Anh gc Latin
abdominaort(o)axilldorsallicvesic(o)sangui-, sanguinevascul-, vascorporossimedullcerebr(o)mamm(o)buccaur(i)ov-

Eye

ophthalm(o)-

ocul(o)-

Eyelid
Face
Fallopian tubes
Fat, fatty tissue
Finger
Forehead
Gallbladder
Genitals, sexually undifferentiated
Gland
Glans penis or clitoridis
Gums
Hair
Hand
Head
Heart
Hip, hip-joint
Horn

blephar(o)prosop(o)salping(o)lip(o)dactyl(o)cholecyst(o)gon(o)-, phall(o)aden(o)balan(o)trich(o)cheir(o)-, chir(o)cephal(o)cardi(o)cerat(o)-

cili-; palpebrfaci(o)adipdigitfront(o)fellgingivcapillmanucapit(o)cordicoxcornu-

Ngha
Bng
ng mch ch
Cnh tay
Nch
ng mch
Lng
Ngn ci
Bng quang
Mu
Mu ng
Mch mu
Thn, c th
Xng
Ty xng
No
V
Ngc
M
Tai
Trng
Mt, gc khc:
optic(o)- [French]
M mt
Mt
ng n trng
M m
Ngn tay
Trn
Ti mt
B phn sinh dc
Tuyn
Qui u
Nu
Lng, tc
Bn tay
u
Tim
Mng
Sng

32

Intestine
Jaw
Kidney
Knee
Lip
Liver
Loins, pubic region
Lungs
Marrow, bone marrow
Mind
Mouth
Muscle
Nail
Navel
Neck
Nerve; the nervous system
Nipple, teat
Nose
Ovary
Pelvis
Penis
Pupil (of the eye)
Rib
Rib cage
Shoulder
Sinus
Skin
Skull
Stomach
Testis
Throat (upper throat cavity)
Throat (lower throat cavity/voice
box)
Thumb
Tooth
Tongue
Toe
Tumour
Ureter
Urethra
Urine, urinary System
Uterine tubes
Uterus
Vagina
Vein
Vulva
Womb
Wrist

enter(o)gnath(o)nephr(o)goncheil(o)-, chil(o)hepat(o)- (hepatic-)

episi(o)pneumonmyel(o)psychstomat(o)my(o)onych(o)omphal(o)trachel(o)neur(o)thelerhin(o)oophor(o)pyel(o)pe(o)cor-, core-, coropleur(o)thorac(i)-, thorac(o)om(o)dermat(o)- (derm-)
crani(o)gastr(o)orchi(o)-, orchid(o)pharyng(o)-

rengenulabi(o)jecorpudendpulmon(i)- (pulmo-)
medullmentorunguiumbiliccervicnervpapill-, mammillnasovari(o)pelv(i)cost(o)humer(o)sinuscut-, cuticulventr(o)-

laryng(o)-

odont(o)gloss-, glottdactyl(o)cel-, onc(o)ureter(o)urethr(o)-, urethr(a)ur(o)sarping(o)hyster(o)-, metr(o)colp(o)phleb(o)episi(o)hyster(o)-, metr(o)carp(o)-

pollicdent(i)lingu(a)digittumureter(o)urethr(o)-, urethr(a)urin(o)sarping(o)uter(o)vaginvenvulvuter(o)carp(o)-

Rut
Hm
Thn
u gi
Mi
Gan
Tht lng
Phi
Ty xng
Tm
Ming
C
Mng
Rn
C
Thn kinh, h TK
Nm v
Mi
Bung trng
X.Chu
Dng vt
Con ngi
Sn
Lng ngc
Vai
Xoang
Da
Hp s
D dy
Tinh hon
C hng khoang trn
C hng khaong
di
Ngn tay ci
Rng
Li
Ngn chn
Khi u
Niu qun
Niu o
Nc tiu, bi tit
ng dn trng
T cung
m o
Tnh mch
m h...
T cung
Ct tay

33

MU SC
Black
Blue
gray, grey
Green
Purple
Red
red-yellow
White

Mu

T Anh gc Hy Lp
melanocyanopoliochlor(o)porphyr(o)erythr(o)-, rhod(o)cirrh(o)leuc-, leuk-

T Anh gc Latin
nigrvirpurpur-, purpureorub-, rubralb-

Yellow

xanth(o)-

flav-

Ngha
en
Lam
Xm
Lc
Tm

vng
Trng
Vng, gc khc: jaun [French]

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

HNH DNG, KCH THC

M t

T Anh gc Hy Lp

T Anh gc Latin

bad, incorrect

cac(o)-, dys-

mal(e)-

bent, crooked
Big
Biggest
broad, wide
Cold
Dead
Equal
False
female, feminine

ankyl(o)mega-, megal(o)megisteurycry(o)necr(o)is(o)pseud(o)thely-

prav(i)magn(i)maximlat(i)frig(i)mortequ(i)fals(i)-

Ngha

Sai, xu, k
chnh xc
Cong, vo
Ln
Ln nht
Rng
Lnh
Cht
Bng
Sai
N tnh
34

Flat

platy-

plan(i)-

good, well
Great
Hard
Heavy

eumega-, megal(o)scler(o)bar(o)-

ben(e)-, bon(i)magn(i)dur(i)grav(i)-

Hollow

coel(o)-

cav(i)-

Huge
incorrect, bad

megal(o)cac(o)-, dys-

magn(i)mal(e)-

Irregular

poikil(o)

large; extremely large

Largest
Long
male, masculine
Narrow
New

megamegistmacr(o)arsenosten(o)neo-

magn(i)maximlong(i)virangust(i)nov(i)-

normal, correct

orth(o)-

rect(i)-

Old
Sharp
Short
Small
Smallest
Slow
Fast
Soft
Straight
Thick
varied, various
well, good
wide, broad

paleooxybrachymicr(o)bradytachymalac(o)orth(o)pachypoikiloeueury-

veteracbrev(i)parv(i)- (rare)
minimtard(i)celermoll(i)rect(i)crass(i)variben(e)lat(i)-

Bng
phng
Tt
Tuyt
Cng
Nng
Trng
rng
Khng l
-Bt bnh
thng
Ln
Ln nht
Di
Nam tnh
Hp
Mi
ng,
bnh
thng
Gi
Sc
Ngn
Nh
Nh nht
Chm
Nhanh
Mm
Thng
Dy
a dng
---

35

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