Bi 3: Cch khai bo bin , hng v cc kiu d liu trong

Java

/* Bi vit thuc lot bi hng dn trong "Kha Hc Lp Trnh Java Min

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trn din n Android.Vn, bn c th vo y c

hiu hn v kha hc v tham gia ngay cng mi ngi */

1, Bin trong Java
- Bin l vng nh dng lu tr cc gi tr ca chng trnh.

- Mi bin gn lin vi mt kiu d liu v mt nh danh duy nht gi l tn bin.

- Tn bin thng thng l mt chui cc k t (Unicode), k s.
- Tn bin phi bt u bng mt ch ci hoc mt du gch di hay du dollar.
- Tn bin khng c khong trng gia tn.
- Trong java, bin c th c khai bo bt kz ni u trong chng trnh.
- Tn bin khng c trng vi cc t kha trong Java. (V d t kha : abstract, assert, boolean,
break, byte, case, catch, char, class, const, continue, default, do, double, else, enum, extends final,
finally, float, for,goto, if , implements , import, instanceof, int, interface, long, native, new, package,

private, protected, public, return, short , static, strictfp, super, switch, synchronized, this throw,
throws, transient, try, void, volatile, while.)
- V d:
Tn bin ng: a , _a, A, _b, _B, $d, hoTen, _giaTri, sinhVien1, sinhVien2
Tn bin sai: 5a , hoc sinh, 1gia tri, if, try
- Lu {: Trong Java phn bit ch hoa ch thng, v vy chng ta cn lu { khi t tn cho cc
bin, cc i tng d liu cng nh cc x l{ trong chng trnh.

2, Khai bo bin trong Java.

Cu trc cu lnh khai bo bin trong java nh sau: [Kiu d liu] [tn bin];
V d:
M:

int giaTri; // Khi bo bin c tn l giaTri, kiu d liu l int kiu s

nguyn.
String hoTen; //Khai bo bin c tn l hoTen, kiu d liu l String L mt
chui k t.

- Ngoi ra cn c thm t kha (public, private, .) trc dng khai bo bin (vd: private String
hoTen), phn ny mnh s ni khi chng ta sang phn hng i tng trong Java.
- gn gi tr cho bin ta ch vic dng c php Tn bin = gi tr, hoc gn ngay trong qu trnh
khai bo v d:
M:

int giaTri;
giaTri = 5;

Hoc
M:

int giaTri = 5;

in mt chui vn bn hoc gi tr ra mn hnh Console ta dng lnh dng nh sau:

M:

System.out.print(Gi tr ca bin l: + giaTri1 + giaTri2);

// giaTri1 v giaTri2 l 2 bin khai bo v gn gi tr.

3, Gii thiu cc kiu d liu trong Java

Trong Java c 2 nhm kiu d liu, th nht l kiu d liu nguyn thy (d liu c s) v th 2 l
nhm kiu d liu m rng: (photo)

 trong bi ny bi ny mnh s ch gii thiu cc kiu d liu nguyn thy, cn nhng kiu m rng
s c vit vo bi hng i tng trong Java.

a, Kiu s nguyn:

b, Kiu s thc:

c, Kiu d liu k t (char)

-y l kiu d liu v k t mi bin char s c gi tr l mt k t Unicode.
V d: a,b, d,$,
-Ch , gi tr gn cho cc bin c t trong du nhy n , khng phi l nhy kp nh.
Vd: char kyTu; // Khai bo bin kyTu kiu char
kyTu = a; // Gn gi tr bin kyTu l k t a
- Gi tr khi to mc nh ca kiu char l null
d) Kiu d liu Boolean
- y l kiu d liu ch nhn mt trong 2 gi tr true hoc false (ng hoc sai)
- Gi tr khi to mc nh ca kiu boolean l false

4, Hng
- Hng l mt gi tr bt bin trong chng trnh
- Tn hng c t theo qui c ging nh tn bin.
- Hng s nguyn: trng hp gi tr hng dng long ta thm vo cui chui s ch l hay L. (v
d: 1L, 5L, 3L)
- Hng s thc: trung hp gi tr hng c kiu float ta thm tip v ng f hay F, cn kiu s
double th ta thm tip v ng d hay D.
- Hng Boolean: java c 2 hng boolean l true, false.
- Hng k t: l mt k t n nm gia nm gia 2 du ngoc n.
V d: a: hng k t a
Mt s hng k t c bit (photo)

- Hng chui: l tp hp cc k t c t gia hai du nhy kp . Mt hng chui khng c k

t no l mt hng chui rng.
V d: Ban dang tham gia khoa hoc Java mien phi tai Android.Vn
Lu {: Hng chui khng phi l mt kiu d liu c s nhng vn c khai bo v s dng trong
cc chng trnh.
C php khai bo hng: final + kiu d liu + tn hng = gi tr cn gn, v d:
M:

final int NAM_SINH = 1992;