Distance Measurement using Ultrasonic Wave

AVR ATmega8 Based Project (Microcontroller Based)

This MINI AVR Project demonstrates how the distance to an obstacle can be measured using ultrasonic waves. It
makes use of techniques to precisely measure the time it takes for the sound wave (in ultrasonic wavelength) to
reach the obstacle and then bounce and come back to the receiver. After the time measurement is complete, a
small calculation is done to get the distance of obstacle from the sensor.
To show the calculated distance, a 16x2 Alphanumeric LCD Module is used. The main microcontroller used is
ATmega8.

LCD Interface
LCD can be easily connected on the 16 pin female connecter provided on the board.

NOTE: If no text is visible on LCD then adjustNthe LCD Contrast Adj. preset with the help of
screwdriver.
Billa of
Matterials for

Usage

Install the sensor (HC-SR04) as shown on the image below. NOTE: Sensor is included in the package.
Power up the board using a 12V 1 A Adapter (NOT included with package!)
Switch on the board.
Now you can bring any obstacle in front of the sensor, its distance in CM will be shown on the LCD.
REFER TO THE VIDEO PROVIDED ON DVD (DVD Drive:\AVR Projects\Distance Measure\Video ) for more
detailed usage steps.

Part List

S.No. Reference Value

Part

Qty

R1

100 Ohms

Resistor 1/4 watt

R2

330 Ohms

Resistor 1/4 watt

R3

4.7K Ohms

Resistor 1/4 watt

C1

470uF

Electrolytic Capacitor 25V

C2,C5,C6,C7

0.1uF(100nF)

Ceramic disk type capacitor

C3,C4

22pF

Ceramic disk type capacitor

D1

1N4007

Diode

D2

5mm LED - Round - RED

U1

ATmega8

ATmega8 MCU

10

U2

7805

5V Voltage Regulator

11

L1

10uH

Inductor

12

RV1

10K Ohms

Preset (Variable Resistor)

13

SW1

On/Off Switch

14

X1

DC Socket

15

X3

16MHz

Crystal

16

X4

HC-SR04 Sensor

17

28 PIN IC Socket

18

16 PIN Female Connecter

19

4 PIN Female Connecter

20

16 PIN Male Connecter

21

DISP1

LCD Module 16x2 GREEN B/L