CAT 2011 Root and Word list

Root Root form Meaning

ac,acr
sharp

aev

ev

age
era

leader

agog

Words
acrimonious
acerbic
exacerbate

Word Meaning
bitter in nature
harsh or severe, as of temper or expression
to increase the severity, bitterness, or violence of

primeval
coeval
medieval

of or pertaining to the first age or ages, especially of the world

f the same age, date, or duration; equally old:
of, pertaining to, characteristic of, or in the style of theMiddle Ages

demagogue
pedagogue

a person, especially an orator or political leader, who gainspower and po

pularity by arousing the emotions, passions, andprejudices of the people
a teacher

to discuss or speak panegyric

agaro

a formal praise

am

love

amorous
amity
amicable

showing or expressing love:

friendship,peaceful harmony
friendly

anim

mind,soul

animadvert
unanimous
magnanimity

cast criticism upon

of one mind
greatness of mind and spirit

year

annuity
biennial
perennial

yearly remittance
every two years
present all years

man

anthropology
misanthrope
philanthropy

study of man
hater of mankind
lover of mankind

fit

aptitude
apt
adept
inept

skill
suitable

aqua

water

aqueduct
aqua fortis
aqueous

passageway for conducting water

nitric acid (strong water)

arch

first
ruler

archaeology
monarch
anarchy
arch bishop

study of first things

sole ruler
lack of government
the first bishop

annu

enn

anthrop

apt

ept

star
space

astronomy
asterik
disaster
astronaut

study of starts
star like character (*)
catastrophe (contrary star)
one who travels in space

hear

audible
inaudible
auditory
auditorium

able to be heard
unable to hear
related to hearing
a place where people may be heard

bellum

war

bellicose
belligerent
rebellious

inclined to fight
inclined to wage war
resisiting authority

biblio

book

bibliography
bibliophile
bible

list of books
a lover of books
the book

bio

life

biography
biology
biochemistry

writing about a person's life

study of living things
chemistry of living things

breve

short

brevity
abbreviate
breviloquent

briefness
shorten
marked by brevity of speech

to fall

decadent
cadence

characterized by decadence, especially culturally or morally:

rhythmic flow of a sequence of sounds or words:
anything that resembles a waterfall, especially in seeming to
flow or fall in abundance:

aster

aud

cad

audit

cas

cascade
capt

capit

cap
cept

participate

to take by force or stratagem; take prisoner; seize:

to take or have a part or share, as with others; partake;share (usually fol
lowed by in )

cip

precept

a commandment or direction given as a rule of action orconduct.

capital

the city or town that is the official seat of government in acountry, state,
etc

captain

a person who is at the head of or in authority over others;chief; leader.

capt

to take

head

capture

flesh

carn

carnage
carnivore
carnal

ced

cess

to yield
to go

recede
antecedent
process

swift

cele

hundred

cent

time

chron

celerity
decelerate

the slaughter of a great number of people

an animal that eats flesh.
pertaining to or characterized by the flesh or the body, itspassions and a
ppetites; sensual:
to go or move away
preceding; prior
a continuous action, operation, or series of changes taking
place in a definite manner

accelerate

speed
to decrease the velocity of
to cause faster or greater activity, development, progress,advancement,
etc., in:

century

a period of 100 years.

centennial
centipede

pertaining to, or marking the completion of, a period of 100years.

an insect with hundred feet

chronology

anachronism
chronicle

the sequential order in which past events occur.

something or someone that is not in its correct historical or
chronological time, especially a thing or person that belongsto an earlier
time:
a chronological record of events

cid

cis

to cut
to kill

regicide
incision
homicide

the killing of a king

an act of cutting
the killing of one human being by another.

cit

citat

to call
to start

incite
excite
recitation

o stir, encourage, or urge on; stimulate or prompt to action:

to arouse or stir up the emotions or feelings of:
an act of reciting.

citizen

civil
civilian
civilization

courteous
member of community
society of citizens

civi

clam

clamat

to cry out

clamorous
declamation
acclamation

loud
speech
shouted approval

claud

claus
clos

to close

claustrophobia
conclude

fear of closed places

finish
to place in or withdraw into solitude; remove from social
contact and activity

clud

seclude

cord

heart

accord
cordial
discord

agreement (from heart)

friendly
lack of harmony

corpor

body

incorporate
corporeal
corpse

organize into a body

pertaining to the body
dead body

cracy

rule

theocracy
democracy
plutocracy

that constitution of a state where god is regarded as sole soverign

rule by the people
government by the wealthy

to believe

incredulous
credible
incredible

not believing
believable
so extraordinary as to seem impossible

culpa

blame

culprit
culpable
exculpate

one who is at fault

which can be punished
free from blame

cura

to take care

curator
manicure
pedicure

person who takes care of something

taking care of one's hands
taking care of one's feet

cred

credit

curr

curs

to run

cursory
precursor
cursive

brief
forerunner
in flowing strokes with the letters joined together.

da

dat

to give

data
mandate
date

facts,statistics
command
given time

deb

debit

to owe

debit
debitor
indebt

something owed
the one who is in debt
debt

demos

people

democracy
demagogue
epidemic

rule of the people

leader of the people
widespread (among the people)

derm

skin

epidermis
pachyderm
dermatology

skin
thick-skinned quadruped
study of skin and its disorders

dic

dict

to say

diction
dictionary
benediction

speech
lexicon
good speech

doc

doct

to teach

docile
document
doctor

easily taught
something that provides evidence
learned person (originally teacher)

rule

dominate
domain
dominant

have power over

land under rule
prevailing

domin

dour

dur

hard
severe
sour

obdurate
duress
indurated

hard to move
under threat
morally hardened

duc

duct

to lead

aqueduct
viaduct

artificial waterway
arched roadway

ductile

capable of being hammered out thin, as certain metals;malleable.

dynam

power

dynamic
dynamite
dynamo

powerful
powerful explosive
engine making electrical power

ego

egoist
egotist
egocentric

a person who is self-centered

selfish person
revolving about oneself

work

energy
ergatocracy

power
rule of the workers

wander

error
erratic
knight-errant

mistake
wandering
wandering knight

erg

urg

err

fac

fic
fect
fec

to make
to do

factory
fiction
affect

place where things are made

manufactured story
cause to change

fal

fals

to decieve

fallacious
infallible
falsify

misleading
not prone to error
lie

fer

to bring
to hear

conifer
infer
defer

bearing cones as pine trees

to carry in (to understand)

fid

belief

confident

faith

confidant
fidelity

belief
a close friend or associate to whom secrets are confided or withwhom p
rivate matters and problems are discussed.
honesty (belief in some person)

end
limit

confine
finite
infinite

keep within limits

having definite limits
having no definite limits

bend

flexible
deflect
genuflect

able to bend
bend away
to bend knees in prayer

strong

comfort
fort
fortress

to soothe, console, or reassure; bring cheer to

a strong or fortified place occupied by troops and usuallysurrounded by
walls, ditches, and other defensive works
stronghold

luck
chance

fortune
fortunate
fortuitous

luck
lucky
strength,firmness of mind

break

fragile
fraction
refract

easily broken
to deflect,to break

fin

flect

flex

fort

fort

frag

fract

fugere

flee

fugitive
refuge

someone who flees

home for someone fleeing

fuls

pour

effusive
diffusive

pouring out
poured in many directions (widespread)

gam

marriage

monogamy
bigamy
polygamy

marriage to one person

marriage to two people at the same time
having many wifes or husbands at the same time

class
race
birth

genus
generic
gender
genesis

a kind; sort; class.

general
class organized by sex
from birth

gen

gener

grad

gress

go
step

digress
regress
gradual

to astray from the main point

go backwards
step by step

graph

gram

write

epigram
telegram
graphology

pithy statement
instantaeous messages over great distance
study of handwriting

flock

aggregate

combined

herd

segregate
gregarious

to separate or set apart from others or from the main body or group
tending to group together as in a herd

sun

heliocentric
heliopolis
heliotrope

measured or considered as being seen from the center of the sun.

city of the Sun God
flower that faces the sun

greg

helio

jac

jec
jact

to throw

projectile
trajectory

something thrown forward

path taken by thrown object

jur

jurat

to swear

jury
perjury

group of men and women sworn to speak the truth

testify falsely

labor

laborat

to work

labour
collaborate
laborious

work
work together with others
difficult

leg

lect
lig

to choose
to read

legible
election
eligible

able to read
choice
able to be selected

law

legal
legislative
legitimate

lawful
law making
lawful

book

libel
library
libretto

slander (originally found in a little book)

a place where books are kept for reading
the book of a musical play

free

liberty

freedom

leg

liber

liber

libr

liberation

the fact of setting free

log

logy

word
study
ratio

monologue
entomology
analogy

speech by one person

study of insects
relation

loqu

locut

to talk

soliloquy
loquacious
elocution

speech by one individual

talkative
speech

luc

light

elucidate
lucid
translucent

enlighten
clear
allowing some light to pass through

manu

hand

manual
manuscript
manufacture

sea

mar

done, operated, worked, etc., by the hand or hands ratherthan by an ele

ctrical or electronic device:
the original text of an author's work, handwritten or nowusually typed, t
hat is submitted to a publisher.
the making of goods or wares by manual labor or by
machinery, especially on a large scale:

maritime
of or pertaining to the sea:
submarine something situated or living under the surface of the sea, asa plant or animal.
mariner

a person who directs or assists in the navigation of a ship;sailor

of, pertaining to, having the qualities of, or befitting amother:

the female head of a family or tribal line.

mater

matr

mother

maternal
matriarch

mit

miss

to send

missile an object or weapon for throwing, hurling, or shooting, as astone, bullet, or arrow.
transmit
to pass on (a genetic characteristic) from parent tooffspring:
admit
o allow to enter; grant or afford entrance to:

mob

mot
mov

move

mobilize
motile
immovable

to organize or adapt
moving or capable of moving spontaneously:
incapable of being moved; fixed; stationary.

mon

monit

warn

admonish

to caution, advise, or counsel against something.

premonition

a feeling of anticipation of or anxiety over a future event;presentiment:

monitor

a person who admonishes, especially with reference to conduct

mortuary
moribund
immortal

a funeral home
in a dying state; near death.
not mortal; not liable or subject to death; undying:

mori

mort

to die

shape

morph

form

amorphous

lacking definite form; having no specific shape; formless:

the branch of biology dealing with the form and structure oforganisms.
morphology
anthropomorphic
resembling or made to resemble a human form:

mut

change

mutate
immutable
mutable

to change
not mutable; unchangeable
liable or subject to change or alteration.

nat

born

innate

national

existing in one from birth

being the place or environment in which a person was born ora thing ca
me into being
of, pertaining to, or maintained by a nation as an organizedwhole or ind
ependent political unit

native

nav

ship

navigate
naval
circumnavigate

to move on, over, or through (water, air, or land) in a ship oraircraft:

of or pertaining to ships of all kinds:
to sail or fly around; make the circuit of by navigation

neg

deny

negate
abnegate
negative

to deny the existence, evidence, or truth of:

to refuse or deny oneself
xpressing or containing negation or denial:

nomen

name

cognomen
nomenclature
nominative

a nick name
the names or terms comprising a set or system.
made out in a person's name, as a certificate or security.

nov

new

onoma

oper

nym

novice a person who is new to the circumstances, work, etc., in which he or she is placed;
novel
of a new kind
innovate
to introduce something new

name

anonymous

word

homonym
toponym

without any name acknowledged

a word the same as another in sound and spelling butdifferent in meanin
g
a name derived from the name of a place.

work

operate

a name derived from the name of a place.

operation

an act or instance, process, or manner of functioning oroperating.

cooperate

to work or act together or jointly for a common purpose or benefit.

pac

peace

pacify
pacific
pacifist

make peaceful
peaceful
person opposed to war

pass

feel

dispassionate
impassive

free of emotion
showing no feeling

father

patriotism
patriarch
paternal

love of one's country (father land)

male ruler of a family
fatherly

pater

patr

feelings

path

sympathy
apathy

he intellectual identification with or vicarious experiencing ofthe feelings

, thoughts, or attitudes of another
the harmony of feeling naturally existing between persons oflike tastes
or opinion
lacking feeling

empathy

ped

pod

feet
child
information

pedestal
paediatrician
encyclopedia

the support of a column

a child doctor
a book or set of books containing articles on various topics

pel

puls

to drive

compulsion
expel
impel

a forcing to do
drive out
to drive or urge forward

pet

petit

to seek

petition
appetite

request
craving desire

phil

love

philosophy
philanthropy
anglophile

love for wisdom

lover of humanity
lover of everything English

phobia

fear

astraphobia
claustrophobia

fear of celestial space

fear of closed places

pleos

full

plenary
plethora
plenitude

fully attended
over abundance
fullness

pon

posit

to place

postpone
position
preposition

place after
place after
placed before a noun

port

portat

to carry

portable
import

able to be carried
carry into the country

export

carry out of the country

poten

potens

able
powerful

potentate
potent
omnipotent

powerful person
powerful
all powerful

psych

psychos

mind

psychology
psychosis
psychopath

study of the mind

mental disorder
mentally ill person

put

putat

to trim
to calculate

putative
computation
amputate

supposed (calculate)
calculation
cut off

pyr

pyro

fire

antipyretic

heat
fever

pyre
pyrophobia

medicine used against fever

such a pile for burning a dead body, especially as part of afuneral rite, as
in India.
fear from fire

quer

ques
quir
quis

to ask

inquiry
inquisitive
query

investigation
question
question

reg

rect

rule

regicide
regent
insurrection

muder of a ruler
ruler
overthrown of a ruler

rid

ris

to laugh

ridicule
risible
deride

to laugh at
inclination to laugh
to laught at someone mockingly

rog

rogat

to ask

interrogate
prerogative

question
privilege

to break

interrupt
bankrupt
rupture

break into
insolvent
to break

holy

sacred
sacrilegious
sacrament

holy
violating something holy
religious act

rupt

sacr

sanct

sci

to know

science
omnsicient
conscious

to know
to know all
to know oneself

scop

to watch
to see

microscope
telescope
periscope

device for seeing small objects

device for seeing far away objects
device for seeing around corners

to write

transcribe
script
circumscribe

make a written copy

written form of a language
write around

cut

dissect
bisect
sector

cut apart
cut into two pieces
a distinct part, especially of society or of a nation's economy

scrib

script

sect

sess

sid
sed

to sit

sedentary
session
resident

inactive (sitting)
meeting
to dwell permanently or for a considerable time

sent

sens

to think
to feel

sensible
sentimental
consent

having, using, or showing good sense or sound judgment

emotional
agree

sequi

secut
seque

to follow

sequel
prequel
consecutive

that which follows

that which precedes
following in order

solv

solut

to loosen

absolve
dissolute

free from blame (loosen from blame)

morally lax (loose)

somn

sleep

insomnia
somnolent
somnambulist

inability to sleep
sleepy
sleep walker

soph

wisdom

philosophy
sophisticated
sophomore

love for wisdom

worldly wise
a person or group in the second year of any endeavor

to look at

spectator
circumspect
spectacles

observer (one who watches)

cautious (looking around)
anything presented to the sight or view, especially somethingof a strikin
g or impressive kind

respire
expire
spirited

to breathe in
to breathe out
full of life (breathe)

spec

spir

spect

breathe

string

strict

bind

stringent
constrict
stricture

strict
become tight
something that restrains

stru

struct

build

constructive
construe
destruct

helping to build
analyse (how something is build)
serving or designed to destroy

suit

sal
sil
sault

jump
leap

somersault
exultant
salient

to leap or jump while turning the heels over

jumping out of one's skin with joy (excited)
that which leaps at you (important)

tang

tact
ting

to touch

tangent
contingent
contact

touching
depending upon
to touch

time

temporary
contemporary
temporal

for the time

at same time
pertaining to time

to hold

tenable
tenure
retentive

able to be held
holding of office
holding,having good memory

term

end

terminal
terminate
interminable

situated at or forming the end or extremity of something

end
endless

terr

land

terrain
terrestrail
sub terranean

pertaining to the earth

below the earth's surface

tempor

ten

tent

therm

heat

thermal
thermostat
diathermy

related to heat
instrument tha regulates heat
sending heat through body tissues

tome

a slice

atom

a particle which cannot be cut further

a piece
cut off

dichotomy
echtomy

division into two parts, kinds, etc.; subdivision into halves orpairs.
surgical cutting

twist

distort
contort
tortuous

twist out of true shape or meaning

to twist together or upon itself
twisting

tors

tort

tract

trud

trus

drag
pull

tractor
distract
attract

helps to pull
pull away
pull toward

push
shove

intrude
protrude

push one's way in

something sticking out

intrusion

to thrust or bring in without invitation, permission, or welcome

turb

trouble

perturb
disturb
imperturbable

to throw into great disorder

to interfere with; interrupt
that cannot be disturbed

urb

city

urban
urbane
suburban

pertaining to city
polished pertaining to a city dweller
outside a city

vac

empty

vacuous
evacuate
vacuum

empty headed
compel to empty an area
a space entirely devoid of matter.

vad

vas

go

invade
evasive

enter in a hostile fashion

not frank

veni

vent
ven

to come

intervene
convention
circumvent

come between
meeting
to go around or bypass

ver

TRUE

verity
verify
verdict

truth
check the truth
a true saying

verb

word

verbose
verbatim
verbiage

wordy
word for a word
excessive usage of words

turn

vertigo
invert
introvert

truning dizzy
turned upside down
turned inside

way

viaduct
trivial

roadway (arched)
small talk at crossroads (junction of three roads)

to see

evidence
vista

things seen
view

vers

vert

via

vid

vis

television

to transmit pictures at a distance

vinc

vict
vanq

to conquer

invincible
convince
vanquish

unconquerable
persuaded
defeat

viv

vit

alive

vivisection
vivacious
vitality

operating on living animals

full of life
liveliness

voc

vocat

to call

vocal
provocation
avocation

of, pertaining to, or uttered with the voice

calling or rousing the anger of
calling,minor occupation

vol

vollens

to wish

malevolent
benevolent
volition
voluntary

wishing someone ill

wishing someone good
of one's own will
of one's own will

volv

volut

to roll

convolution
revolution
evolution

coiled state
a procedure or course, as if in a circuit, back to a starting point
any process of formation or growth; development