WOVEN FABRIC DEFECTS

Drawbacks
Caused by excessive loom tension gradually applied by some abnormal
restriction. When the restriction is removed the excess slack is woven into the
fabric. Usually the ends are broken

Dropped pick
Caused by the filling insertion mechanism on a shuttleless loom not holding
the filling yarn, causing the filling yarn to be woven without tension. The filling
yarn appears as "kinky."

End out
Caused by yarn breaking and loom continuing to run with missing end

Mixed end(yarn)
Yarn of a different fiber blend used on the wrap frame, resulting in a streak in
the fabric.

Mixed Filling
Caused by bobbin of lightweight yarn or different fiber blend used in filling.
Will appear as a distinct shade change.

Open Reed
Results from a bent reed wire causing wrap ends to be held apart, exposing
the filling yarn. Will be conspicuous on fabrics that use different colored yarns
on wrap and shuttle.

Slub
Usually caused by an extra piece of yarn that is woven into fabric. It can also be
caused by thick places in the yarn. Often is caused by fly waste being spun in
yarn in the spinning process.

Smash
Caused by a number of ruptured wrap ends that have been repaired. Daggers
not working, frog spring ineffective, bad shuttle, improper boxing of
shuttle, worn out picker, worn out transfer hammer, damaged pirn and
entanglements are main causes of smashes.

Soiled Filling or End

Dirty, oil looking spots on the wrap or filling yarns, or on package-dyed yarn.

Stop Mark
When the loom is stopped, the yarn elongates under tension; when loom
starts again' the slackness is woven into the fabric. Narrow band of different
weave density, across the width of a woven fabric, caused by improper
warp tension adjustment after a loom stop. A well trained weaver can
reduce this type of defects

Submitted by
Mukesh Dhurve
Abhishek kumar