TINGKATAN 3

CHAPTER 1 : RESPIRATION
ARAS RENDAH

1 Which of the following is not part of the human respiratory system?

Manakah antara berikut bukan bahagian system pernafasan manusia?
A

Trachea
Trakea

Ribs
Rib

Pulmonary artery
Arteri pulmonari

Intercostal muscles
Otot intekostal
Jawapan: C

2. Diagram shows the human respiratory system.

Rajah menunjukkan system pernafasan manusia.

Diagram
Rajah
Which of the following parts are represented by P, Q, and R ?
Bahagian manakah antara berikut diwakili oleh P, Q dan R ?
P
Trachea
Trakea

Q
Bronchus
Bronkus

R
Bronchiole
Bronkiol

Oesophagus
Osefagus

Bronchiole
Bronkiol

Bronchus
Bronkus

Trachea
Trakea

Bronchus
Bronkus

Alveolus
Alveolus

Oesophagus
Osefagus

Bronchiole
Bronkiol

Alveolus
Alveolus

Jawapan:

3. When we inhale, why is air pushed into the lungs?

Apabila kita menyedut nafas, kenapakah udara masuk ke dalam paru-paru?
A

The air pressure in the lungs decreases

Tekanan udara dalam paru-paru berkurang

B

The air pressure in the lungs increases

Tekanan udara dalam paru-paru bertambah

The lungs become smaller

Paru-paru mengecil

The diaphragm curves upwards

Diafragma melengkung ke atas
Jawapan: A

4. Diagram shows the process of gaseous exchange.

Rajah menunjukkan proses pertukaran gas.

Diagram
Rajah
Where does the process takes places ?
Di manakah proses ini berlaku?
A Body cell.
Sel badan
B Alveoli.
Alveolus
C Bronchus.
Bronkus
D Bronchioles.
Bronkiol
Jawapan: B

5. Which of the following diseases causes the alveoli to be weakened and over
inflated during inhalation?
Manakah antara penyakit berikut yang mengakibatkan alveoli lemah dan terlebih

mengembang semasa nafas disedut?

A

Asthma.
Asma

Bronchitis.
Bronkitis

Lung cancer.
Barah paru-paru

Emphysema.
Episema
Jawapan: D

6.

What is the substance in cigarette smoke that causes addiction?

Bahan manakah di dalam asap rokok yang mengakibatkan ketagihan?
A

Tar
Tar

Nicotine
Nikotin

Carbon monoxide
Karbon monoksida

Sulphur dioxide
Sulfur dioksida
Jawapan: B

7. How does oxygen in the alveolus enter the blood capillaries?

Bagaimanakah oksigen dari alveolus memasuki kapilari darah?

By osmosis
Melalui osmosis

By reverse osmosis
Melalui osmosis berbalik

By diffusion
Melalui resapan

By transpiration
Melaui transpirasi
Jawapan: C

ARAS SEDERHANA

1. Which of the following pollutants and their effects is correctly matched?

Manakah antara pencemar berikut dan kesannya dipadankan dengan betul?

A
B
C
D

Pollutant

Effect

Haze

Causes cancer

Jerubu

Menyebabkan kanser

Tar

Reduces the acidity of the lungs

Tar

Mengurangkan keasidan paru-paru

Carbon dioxide

Increases cell activity

Karbon dioksida

Meningkatkan aktiviti sel

Sulphur dioxide

Damages lung tissue

Sulfur dioksisa

Merosakkan tisu paru-paru

Jawapan: D

ARAS TINGGI
1. Diagram shows the exhalation mechanism.

Rajah menunjukkan mekanisma menyedut nafas.

Diagram
Rajah
Which of the following is true for the parts labelled X, Y and Z during the process ?
Manakah antaa berikut benar bagi bahagian yang berlabel X, Y dan Z semasa proses?

wa
n:

X
Move upwards

Y
Relaxes

Bergerak ke atas
Move downwards

Relek
Contracts

Menjadi lebih besar

Becomes smaller

Bergerak ke bawah
Move upwards

Mengecut
Contracts

Menjadi lebih kecil

Becomes bigger

Bergerak ke atas
Move downwards

Mengecut
Relaxes

Menjadi lebih besar

Becomes smaller

2.

Z
Becomes bigger

Bergerak ke bawah
Relek
Menjadi lebih kecil
Which of the following is the correct sequence to show how air enters the lungs?
Manakah antara berikut urutan menunjukkan bagaimana udara memasuki paruparu.
A

Trachea, bronchiole, lung, alveolus

Trakea, bronkiol, paru-paru, alveolus

Trachea, bronchus, bronchiole, alveolus

Trakea, bronkus, bronliol, alveolus

Bronchus, trachea, bronchiole, lung

Ja
pa
D

Bronkus, trakea, bronkiol, paru-paru

D

Trachea, alveolus, bronchus, bronchiole

Trakea, alveolus, bronkus, bronkiol
Jawapan: B

3. The information below shows what happens to the oxygen when it enters the blood
capillaries of an alveolus.
Maklumat berikut menunjukkan apa yang berlaku apabila oksigen memasuki kapilari
darah pada alveolus.

Theoxygendiffuseintothebodycells.
Oksigenmeresapkedalamselbadan
Oxygencombineswiththehaemoglobininthered
bloodcellstoformoxyhaemoglobin.
Oksigenbergabungdenganhaemoglobindalamsel
darahmerahbagimembentuoksihemoglobin
YOxygenatedbloodistransportedtothebodycells.
Darahberoksigendiangkutkeselbadan.
ZWhentheredbloodcellreachesthebodycell,
oxyhaemoglobindecomposestoreleaseoxygen
Apabilaseldarahmerahsampaikesel,
oksihemoglobintyeruraidanmembebaskanoksigen.

Which of the following sequence is correct ?

Manakah antara berikut urutan yang betul?
A W

B Y

Jawapan: C