Vector Data

Analysis
Chapter 10

Introduction
Varies with discipline
Raster vs vector ongoing question

Buffering

Proximity
Buffer points, lines, polygons
Can have varied buffer based on data
Examples
Rings
Dissolved buffers
Analysis technique

Map Overlay
Map overlay combines the geometry and
attributes of two feature maps to create
the output.
Input and overlay.
Must be same coordinate system and
zone, same datum.
Multiple combinations as a process.

Feature Type and Map

Overlay
Point-in-polygon
Line-in-polygon
Polygon-on-polygon

Map Overlay Methods

Our old friends UNION, INTERSECT and
IDENTITY
UNION preserves all map features from
both the input and overlay map. Logical
OR.
INTERSECT preserve only those
features that are common to both input
and overlay map. Logical AND.

Map Overlay Methods

IDENTITY preserves only map features
that fall within the area of the input map.
Logical AND/OR. Input map AND
overlay or input.

Slivers
Slivers and fuzzy tolerance.
Minimum mapping unit.

Error Propagation in Map

Overlay
Positional
Identification
Error quantification

Distance Measurement
Closest
ArcView = Assign Data by Location
ARC/INFO = NEAR and
POINTDISTANCE

Map Manipulation
ArcView uses GeoProcessing extension
to DISSOLVE, CLIP and MERGE
DISSOLVE is simplification
CLIP is cookie cutter
MERGE combines

Map Manipulation
ARC/INFO uses RESELECT, ELIMINATE,
UPDATE, ERASE, and SPLIT
In addition to DISSOLVE, CLIP, MERGE
RESELECT creates new coverage based on logical
expression
ELIMINATE creates new coverage by removing
features defined by logical expression
UPDATE is cut and paste
ERASE removes features within erase coverage
SPLIT is opposite of merge, breaking into two or
more