Sau eemniammmmmmiminmimemmmmmmmmeeece eeu | Example 1: Identify Perfect Squares ‘BRE TORORBAIARY a) Determine the (PEINEAUAAH, of the following + anumber written as sumbers: 24, 36,81, ‘i the product ofits 4) Which of the numbers is a {BERBEESUUEES? Explain. (piferenttactor prime factors © For each number that is a perfect square, draw the oesore . i Bee 7 ssibble to arrive een square and label its side length. Mmccrene : prime factorization, “DRHRGRAEE = Solution of * anumber that is the a) product of the same 4 N\ “ ae 7 “ ky \ ‘wo factors 4 & 4 9 9 9 9 + has oniyan even No eNOS eN, ¢™ numberof prime REESE HES Ee Hoes rite teeta aatee tae ti factors 24=2X2x2K3 36=2xK2K3X3 81=3x3KIK3 + 5x5 =25,s025is0 rf z ; ee ) To be a perfect square, each prime factor in the prime factorization [e i} ‘must occur an even number of times. 36 and 81 are perfect squares : because each prime factor occurs an even number of times. 5 36=2%X2%3%3 —— twofactorsof 2, two factors of 81=3xX3x3x3 — fourfactorsof3 24 is not a perfect square because at least one of the prime factors ‘occurs an odd number of times, 24=2xK2x2x3 three factors of 2, one factor of 3 «) To determine the side length of the squares, look at the product of prime factors for the area. 36=2%2x3x3 81=3x3x3x3 36 = 36=6xK6 81 = 81=9%9 82 MHRe Chapter 3Example 2: Determine the Square of a Number Determine the area of a square picture with a side length of 13 em. Solution Ass A=1P000 AcBx |? ‘A= 169 The area is 169 cm’. Example 3: Determine the Square Root of a Perfect Square Edgar knows that the square case for his computer game has an area of 144 cm?, What is the side length of the case? ‘Solution ‘Method 1: Use Inspection ‘To find the side length, determine what positive number when multiplied by itself equals 144. 12x 12 = 144 The Gaga HeoBE of 144 is 12, or V144 = 12. “The side length is 12 cm. Method 2: Use Guess and Check Find the positive value for the blank boxes. 44 Toohigh 12 ‘The side length is 12 cm. Draw a Diagram o eC Youcanwte a repeated multiplication Vike 13.x 13 masuere 13x13 213, 13? is read as teen square. + anumber that when ‘multiplied by itself ‘equals a given value «= 6isthe square root of 3b because 6 x 6 = 36 3.1 Squares and Square Roots « MHF.Method 3: Use Prime Factorization 3 7 “ \ ann 3 Youcan use a ‘The prime factorization of M4is2x2x2x2%3 x3, calculator to find the square root of Rearrange the prime factors into two equal groups, a number. Try the i following key 144 = x sequences on your i calculator. Then, 144 = 12 «12 i Fecord the one that VIG = 12 | works.on your ‘ i caer The side length is 12 cm, So, 4 is a perfect square. * The square of a number can be thought of asthe area of a square, 2 = 16 The area is 16 cm? The side length is 4 cm, © The square root of a value is @ number that when multiplied by itself equals the value, 6 X 6 = 36, soV36 = 6 ° In the prime factorization of a number of each prime factor, Fe 36=2x2x%3x%3 a if a perfect square, there is an even Wo factors of 2, two factors of 3 i 84 MH chapter 3