MATERIALS AND THEIR

PROPERTIES

Choosing materials
What is it?

What
materials are
used?

What is it
used for?

Why choose
that
material?

A saucepan

for cooking

metal

conductor

plastic
insulator

A dustpan and brush

for cleaning

plastic

plastic

light and rigid

flexible

A glass
for drinking

glass
waterproof
easy to clean

A lightbulb

for seeing in the dark

glass

metal

transparent

conductor

The Materials Selection

Process
Application: Determine required Properties
Properties: mechanical, electrical, thermal,
magnetic, optical, deteriorative.
Properties: Identify candidate Material's)
Material: structure, composition.
Material: Identify required Processing
Processing: changes structure and overall shape
ex: casting, sintering, vapor deposition, doping
forming, joining, annealing.

Properties of
Materials
When selecting a material for an engineering
application, primary concern is to assure
that its properties will be adequate for the
anticipated operating conditions.
The term property can be defined as the
quality which define the characteristics of
metal. It provides basis for predicting its
behavior in manufacturing shop and in
actual use.

Properties of Materials
These may include:
Mechanical properties
Physical properties
chemical properties
Thermal properties
Electrical properties
Magnetic properties

Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of a metal are
those characteristics, which completely
define its behavior under the action of
external load.
These properties largely depends upon
the structure of material and the various
forces contributing to this structure.

Direction of force
Compression pushing (buckling, a
more common failure in compression)
Tension - pulling
Shear shoving/sliding
Torsion twisting
Bending tension (below neutral axis)
and compression (above)
Fatigue combination of these stresses

Direction of force