Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Jones5e Chap02stud
Jones5e Chap02stud
McGraw-Hill/Irwin
Contemporary Management, 5/e
Learning Objectives
2-3
Learning Objectives
2-4
Figure 2.1
2-5
2-6
2-7
2-8
2-9
Time-and-motion study
2-10
2-11
2-12
2-13
The Gilbreths
1. Break up and analyze every individual
action necessary to perform a particular
task into each of its component actions
2. Find better ways to perform each
component action
2-15
The Gilbreths
3. Reorganize each of the component
actions so that the action as a whole
could be performed more efficiently-at
less cost in time and effort
2-16
2-17
2-18
Webers
Principles of
Bureaucracy
Figure 2.2
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-22
2-23
2-24
2-25
2-26
2-27
2-29
2-30
Behavioral Management
Mary Parker Follett
Concerned that Taylor ignored the
human side of the organization
Suggested workers help in
analyzing their jobs
If workers have relevant knowledge
of the task, then they should control
the task
2-31
2-32
2-33
2-34
2-35
2-36
2-37
2-38
2-39
Figure 2.3
2-40
2-41
2-42
2-43
2-44
2-45
Figure 2.4
2-46
2-47
Closed System
A self-contained system that is not
affected by changes in its external
environment.
Likely to experience entropy and lose its
ability to control itself
2-48
Systems
Synergy the performance gains that
result from the combined actions of
individuals and departments
Possible only in
an organized system
2-49
Contingency Theory
There is no one best way to organize
The idea that the organizational
structures and control systems manager
choose depend onare contingent on
characteristics of the external
environment in which the organization
operates.
2-50
Contingency Theory
Figure 2.5
2-51
Type of Structure
Mechanistic Structure
Authority is centralized at the top.
Emphasis is on strict discipline and order
Employees are closely monitored and
managed.
Can be very efficient in a stable
environment.
2-52
Type of Structure
Organic Structure
Authority is decentralized throughout
the organization.
Departments are encouraged to take a
cross-departmental or functional
perspective
Works best when environment is
unstable and rapidly changing
2-53