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  • Chemical Classification of Minerals

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    Ilham ChaNiago
    91 views17 pages
    This document outlines the chemical classification of minerals into different groups based on their elemental composition. It describes the main mineral groups including native elements, sulfides, oxides, hydroxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, tungstates, and silicates. Silicates are further classified based on their silicon-oxygen tetrahedral structural configuration into groups containing single tetrahedra, single chains, double chains, sheets, and frameworks.

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    This document outlines the chemical classification of minerals into different groups based on their elemental composition. It describes the main mineral groups including native elements, sulfides, oxides, hydroxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, tungstates, and silicates. Silicates are further classified based on their silicon-oxygen tetrahedral structural configuration into groups containing single tetrahedra, single chains, double chains, sheets, and frameworks.

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    91 views17 pages

    Chemical Classification of Minerals

    Uploaded by

    Ilham ChaNiago
    This document outlines the chemical classification of minerals into different groups based on their elemental composition. It describes the main mineral groups including native elements, sulfides, oxides, hydroxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, tungstates, and silicates. Silicates are further classified based on their silicon-oxygen tetrahedral structural configuration into groups containing single tetrahedra, single chains, double chains, sheets, and frameworks.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 17

    Chemical classification

    of minerals

    Native elements
    (metal)

    native gold (Au), native copper (Cu)


    (Non metal)
    Graphite (C), Sulphur (S)

    Sulfides
    (metal

    + S)
    pyrite (FeS2), galena (PbS),
    Sphalerite (ZnS)

    Oxides
    Simple oxides (metal + O)
    hematite (Fe2O3)
    Pyrolusite (MnO2)
    Cassiterite (SnO2)

    Multiple

    oxides (metal + metal + O)


    Ilmenite FeO + TiO2
    = FeTiO3

    Oxides
    Spinel

    Divalent oxide + Trivalent

    oxide
    Chromite FeO
    FeCr2O3
    Magnetite FeO
    Fe3O4

    Cr2O3 =
    Fe2O3 =

    Hydroxides
    Hydroxides

    (metal + OH)

    Halides

    (metal + Cl or F halogens)

    halite (NaCl), fluorite (CaF2)

    Carbonates
    (metal + CO3)
    TRIGONAL
    calcite (CaCO3),
    Siderite (FeCO3)
    dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2
    ORTHORHOMBIC
    Aragonite (CaCO3)

    Sulfates
    (metal

    + SO4)
    Anhydrite (CaSO4)
    Barite (BaSO4)
    Hydrous

    Sulphate
    (metal+SO4+H2O)
    Gypsum CaSO4.2H2O

    Phosphates

    (metal + PO4)
    apatite

    Tungstate
    WO4

    group

    Silicates

    (metal + Si and O)
    quartz (SiO2),

    Silicates

    Silicon-oxygen tetrahedron

    Silicates
    Single tetrahedra
    olivine
    Single chains
    pyroxene
    Double chains
    amphibole
    Sheets
    muscovite
    biotite
    Frameworks
    quartz

    Single Chain-Pyroxene

    Double chain - Amphibole

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