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  • Diabetes Mellitus Pharmacology Mindmap

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    Tesnikola
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    This document summarizes different types of drugs used to treat diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2. It categorizes insulin drugs based on their onset time as ultra short-acting, short-acting, intermediate-acting, or long-acting. It also describes non-insulin drugs including sulfonylureas, meglitinides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, biguanides, thiazolidinediones, incretin mimetics, and DPP-4 inhibitors. Combination therapies are listed at the end.

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    Diabetes mellitus pharmacology mindmap

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    This document summarizes different types of drugs used to treat diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2. It categorizes insulin drugs based on their onset time as ultra short-acting, short-acting, intermediate-acting, or long-acting. It also describes non-insulin drugs including sulfonylureas, meglitinides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, biguanides, thiazolidinediones, incretin mimetics, and DPP-4 inhibitors. Combination therapies are listed at the end.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as pdf or txt
    437 views1 page

    Diabetes Mellitus Pharmacology Mindmap

    Uploaded by

    Tesnikola
    This document summarizes different types of drugs used to treat diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2. It categorizes insulin drugs based on their onset time as ultra short-acting, short-acting, intermediate-acting, or long-acting. It also describes non-insulin drugs including sulfonylureas, meglitinides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, biguanides, thiazolidinediones, incretin mimetics, and DPP-4 inhibitors. Combination therapies are listed at the end.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 1

    insulin lispro (Humalog)

    insulin aspart (NovoLog)

    ultra short-acting
    (onset: 5-15min)

    insulin glulisine (Apidra)


    regular insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R)
    neutral protamine Hagedorn (nph) insulin
    (Humulin N, Novolin N)

    short-acting
    (onset: 30-60min)
    intermediate-acting
    (onset: 1-2h)

    insulin glargine (Lantus)

    {*} tolbutamide (Orinase)

    tolazamide (Tolinase)

    Insulins

    DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1

    see diabetes mellitus type 2 mindmap

    Mechanism
    Therapeutic Use

    1st generation

    Insulins

    Adverse Eects

    acetohexamide (Dymelor)

    see diabetes mellitus type 1 mindmap

    Drugs

    Drugs

    {*} glyburide (Diabeta, Micronase, Glynase, Prestabs)


    glipizide (Glucotrol)

    Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors

    long-acting
    (onset: 1.5-3h)

    insulin detemir (Levemir)

    chlorpropamide (Diabinese)

    Drugs

    2nd generation

    Amylin Analog

    Sulfonylureas

    glimepiride (Amaryl)

    pramlintide

    Mechanism
    Therapeutic Use
    Adverse Eects

    Mechanism

    INSULIN SECRETAGOGUES

    Therapeutic Use

    Drugs

    Adverse Eects
    Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors

    Therapeutic Use
    Adverse Eects

    Drugs

    repaglinide (Prandin)

    miglitol (Glyset)

    Mechanism

    Other
    nateglinide (Starlix)

    acarbose (Precose)

    Advantages

    Meglitinides
    (Non-Sulfonylureas)
    -glinide

    Mechanism
    Therapeutic Use

    Other

    DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2

    Drugs

    Adverse Eects
    metformin (Glucophage)

    Mechanism

    Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DDP-4) Inhibitor

    Drugs

    Therapeutic Use

    Mechanism
    Therapeutic Use

    Adverse Eects
    Biguanide

    Drugs

    Adverse Eects
    INCRETIN MIMETICS

    Advantages
    withdrawn from market after a number
    of deaths due to hepatotoxicity

    Other Incretin Mimetic

    exenatide

    Mechanism
    Therapeutic Use
    Adverse Eects

    troglitazone

    {*} rosiglitazone (Avandia)

    sitagliptin (Januvia)

    INSULIN SENSITIZERS

    Drugs

    pioglitazone (Actos)
    Mechanism

    Incretin Eect

    Incretin Hormones

    Therapeutic Use

    Incretin Hormone Actions


    glimepiride + rosiglitazone (Avandaryl)
    [sulfonylurea + thiazolidinediones (glitazone)]

    Adverse Eects
    Other

    incretin eect is reduced in diabetes mellitus type 2

    Incretin Info

    Thiazolidinediones
    -glitazones

    oral glucose results in a higher secretion of insulin as


    compared to an equal load of intravenous glucose

    metformin + glipizide (Metaglip)


    [biguanide + sulfonylurea]
    metformin + glyburide (Glucovance)
    [biguanide + sulfonylurea]

    COMBINATION THERAPY

    metformin + rosiglitazone (Avandamet)


    [biguanide + thiazolidinediones (glitazone)]
    metformin + pioglitazone (ACTOPlus Met)
    [biguanide + thiazolidinediones (glitazone)]

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