MORPHOLOGY

DAY 1
Q: What is LINGUISTICS?
A: A scientific study of Language.
A: What aspects of Language?
B:The inner structure and social function of LG
Q: What is meant by micro- and macro-linguistics?
A: The former deals with the inner structure, and the
latter deals with the social function of LG.
A. Micro-Linguistics
Unit of Analysis
1. Phonology
phoneme
2. Morphology
morpheme
3. Syntax
phrase & sentence
4. Semantics
word & sentence
B. Macro-Linguistics
1. Pragmatics
2. Discourse Analysis
3. Sociolinguistics
4. Ethnolinguistics
loaded terms

utterance
text
speech event
LG & culture = culturally

ENGLISH MORPHOLOGY
Q: What is MORPHOLOGY?
A: A branch of linguistics studying the inner structure of
words.
Q: Why English Morphology?
A: Because we are studying English at the English
Department.
Q: Is it different from Indonesian Morphology?
A: Yes, it is. (Explanation to be given later.)

STRUCTURE OF WORDS
Recall the STRUCTURE of SENTENCES (which you have
learned in your Grammar Class).
1. [simple sentence] Bill left this morning
2. [complex sentence] Bill left this morning when Beth
was having breakfast
3. [compound sentence] Bill left this morning, but Harry
stayed.
STRUCTURE OF WORDS:
1. [simple words] course, do, green
2. [complex words] courses, doing, greenish
3. [compound words] coursework, overdo, greenhouse
a simple word = a word consisting of a single free
morpheme
a free morpheme = a morpheme that can stand by
itself
a complex word = a word consisting of a free morpheme +
an affix
a compound word = a word consisting of two free
morphemes
EXERCISE 1
Excerpts from Helping Language Learners Succeed,
by Dunlap and Weisman (2006)
Language is intertwined with culture
Discussing the link between language and culture with
university students and inviting them to share personal
experiences calls forward many amusing stories of what
can happen when there is a disconnect between the two.
Knowing a language does not necessarily mean that one
can navigate ones way in the culture of that language. For
example, perhaps your American students have slumber
parties or sleepovers. In the United States, this is a
common way for children to hang out at a friends house
and have fun into the evening and often beyond. For
people of other cultures, this may be a bizarre and
uncomfortable conceptallowing ones children to sleep in

the home of another person. So not only does the phrase

slumber party require an explanation, it also requires
becoming familiar with a common North American concept
that is an integral part of the culture.
See Exercise 1 (on a separate page).