Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Tezi Kherson
Tezi Kherson
Tezi Kherson
74.580 75
( 10 01 2011 )
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Investigated the features of correlation of charges of time on work and effectiveness and
success of activity of enterprises. Basic directions of increase of the labour productivity defined by
the increase of motivation.
Keywords: motivation, labour, expense of time productivity on work.
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CLASSIFICATION ORGANIZATION
Y.V. Belyaeva
Supervisor: candidate of economic sciences, Associate Professor
Krasnomovets V. A.
Department of Management
Cherkassy National University named after Bogdan Khmelnitsky
e-mail: kaf_men_05@mail.ru
The article deals with the theoretical explanation of the summaries to the organization, formal
or informal organization of simple and complex organization.
Keywords: Organization classification organizations, business, community, association
organization.
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kriza.pdf.
The reasons of rise of financial and economic crisis in Ukraine are analyzed. The influence
of external economic environment on a national economy is detected. The internal factors which
deepen the crisis phenomena in an economy are determinate.
Keywords: financial and economic crisis, setback in production, economic risks, bank
system, credit, budget, national debt, investments, public policy.
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THE MAIN TENDENCY OF IMPROVEMENT OF SALE STRATEGY
Y. Galiba
Department of management
Cherkasy national university n.a. B Khmelnitsky
e.mail: Kaf_men_05@mail.ru
Studied the characteristics of sale strategy of enterprises from different sides of separate
structural segments.
Keywords: sale strategy, price segment, advertising segment, organization segment,
ecological segment , segment of production.
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Keywords: ideologeme, eschatology, messianism, orthodoxy, empire.
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AREAS OF IMPROVEMENT USE OF LABOR POTENTIAL
Gozha O.
Economy of enterprise and innovation
Eastern European National University im. Lesya Ukrainky
e-mail: kseniya_70nigoto@mail.ru
The article deals with the problematic aspects of the use and evaluation of labor potential and
suggests possible directions of increase of efficiency.
Keywords: employment potential, productivity, competitiveness, qualitative-quantitative indicators,
efficiency.
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TIME MANAGEMENT: PLANNING OWN TIME
Yu. Grabovska
supervisor: Ph.D. Associate Krasnomovets V.A.
Department of Management
Cherkasy National University Bohdan Khmelnytsky
e.mail: kaf_men_05@mail.ru
73
The main secret personal effectiveness is the correct allocation of time. Time management
helps avoid the unenviable fate of hostage own business or career. Planning allows time.
Keywords: Time Management, Rule 6 "P".
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STAFF MANAGEMENT IN TOURIST SERVICE
M. Hryshchenko
Department of management
Cherkassy national university of Bohdan Khmelnitsky
E-mail: kaf_men_05@mail.ru
Studied the characteristics of organization of personnel, in the field of tourist services, the role
of the manager in the effective operation of tourist enterprises and especially the staff in the field of
tourism.
Keywords: tourism, an organization, staff.
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PERSONALLY ORIENTED EDUCATION IN MODERN
PRIMARY SCHOOL
I.Zyuzko
Supervisor: Candidate of pedagogical sciences , lecturer Kondratyuk S.M.
Department of Preschool and Primary Education
Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S.Makarenko
e.mail: irinarullez_zyuz@mail.ru
Annotation. The paper examines current approaches to the definition of " Personally oriented
education ," examines the principles, forms, methods and features of personally oriented education
lesson in primary school.
Keywords: Personally oriented education, implementation, lessons, skills.
107
371.124:80:8124
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2. ..
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3. . .
/ . . [. ].
: http://www.nbuv.gov.ua/portal/Soc_Gum/Mimi/2012_2/3_3.pdf.
METHOD ADAPTATION TO CHANGE TEAMS
I.Kovalenko
PhD Associate Professor O. Gerasimenko
Department of Management
Cherkassy National University B. Khmelnitskogo
e-mail: kaf_men_05@mail.ru
The article covers basic commands adaptation to changes in the organization. Analyzed side
possible organizational changes, incentives to implement changes. Detected and the necessity of
adapting to changes in staff organization.
Keywords: adaptation of personnel, changes in the organization.
128
374.71(410)
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e-mail: sveta_kovalenko@ukr.net
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3. 2007. .49.
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SCIENTIFIC SCHOOLS AS EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
T. Koycheva
South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University
named after K.D.Ushynsky
e-mail: koycheva@mail.ru
The article deals with the interpretation of the phenomenon of modern scientific school,
justify her role in the innovative development of the university, in the formation and development
of the corporate culture of Pedagogical University.
Keywords: Scientific School, Pedagogical University, corporate culture, innovative
development.
147
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154
UDK. 338.5
COST OF PRODUCTION COMPANY AND ITS WAYS OF REDUCING
Student O. Koptiuk
Economy of enterprise and innovation
Eastern European National University im. Lesya Ukrainky
e-mail: big_-_boy@mail.ru
This article is devoted to research and problem-solving efficiency of foreign economic activity of
the enterprises of Ukraine.
Keywords: foreign economic activities, export, import, enterprise, competitiveness.
155
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159
This article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of men and womens communication.
The main aspects of gender communication and the differences between communicative behavior
of men and women are analyzed.
Keywords: gender, gender investigations, communicative behavior.
160
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3. Brumfit C. J. Communicative Methodology in Language Teaching / Christopher
J. Brumfit. CPU, 1990. 166 p.
DEVELOPING LEXICAL-GRAMMATICAL HABITS OF FOREIGN-LANGUAGE
DIALOGIC SPEECH ON THE BASIS OF AUDIOTEXT
N. B. Kurtusmanova
Scientific supervisor: Ph. D., Assoc. professor Kamensky A. I.
Department of Foreign Languages
The Republican Higher Educational Institution
The Crimean University for the Humanities (Yalta)
.mail: kafedra_2010@mail.ru
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Annotation: The main issue is discussed in this paper is the Government's attempts to
increase education teacher training for the learning process.
Key words: educational system, elementary school, teaching staff, teaching short courses,
educational policy, the political regime.
175
336.32
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DEMOCRATIZATION MANAGEMENT AS A MEANS OF ACHIEVING SUCCESS
S. Luhogruy
Supervisor: candidate of economic sciences, Associate Professor
Krasnomovets V. A.
Department of Management
Cherkassy National University named after Bogdan Khmelnitsky
e-mail: kaf_men_05@mail.ru
Studied the characteristics of a democratic management style as a means of success, compared
with an authoritarian. Revealed the problem democratic governance at the present stage of
development of Ukraine. Analyzed the interaction of such fundamental phenomena as democracy
and authoritarianism. In the positive and negative coverage considered features of democracy and
authoritarianism, the question strengthening moral and ethical principles in professional business
managers.
Keywords: democratization of government authoritarianism in management, combined
model management.
180
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384 . . 76-79.
THE POSSIBILITIES OF SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH WORK MAKING IN THE
CONTEXT OF SOCIAL-HUMANITARIAN DISCIPLINES TEACHING.
T. Matviychuk
Department Of Social-Humanitarian Disciplines
Lviv Institute of Economy and Tourism
e. mail: taras_xd@ukr.net
The possible ways of scientific-research work making in the context of social-humanitarian
disciplines teaching are represented.
Key words: scientific-research work, socio-humanitarian disciplines, sociology.
186
612.122.95:91
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EFFICIENCY FIXED ASSETS
Novosad I. V.
Department of Economics and Entrepreneurship and innovation
Eastern European University of Lesya Ukrainian
e.mail: novosadirusya@mail.ru
The development of market relations in Ukraine increases liability entities as a result of their
activities, which are largely dependent on providing the basic tools of their technical condition and
efficiency.
Keywords: fixed assets, capital productivity, capital ratio, capital.
194
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MANAGEMENT OF STAFFS MOTIVATION
O. Pastukh
Department of management
Cherkasy national university n.a. B.Khmelnitsky
e.mail: Kaf_men_05@mail.ru
Studied the concept of motivation and basic motivational strategy for HR management in a
market economy.
Keywords: labor motivation, motive, motivation strategy.
203
338.32.053.4
.
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KEY FACTORS OF INTERACTION LOGISTICS AND MARKETING
M. Prytula
Supervisor: KE BC. Associate Krasnomovets V.A.
Department of Management
Cherkasy National University
them. Bogdan Khmelnitsky
e.mail: kaf_men_05@mail.ru
Studied the most significant differences between marketing and logistics. Substantiated interaction
213
logistics to marketing, presenting it as a marketing and logistic mix to meet the demands of
consumers.
Keywords: marketing, logistics, the interaction.
214
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APPROACHES TO DEFINING ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE
S.O.Pryadka
Supervisor: candidate of economic sciences, Associate Professor
Krasnomovets V. A.
Department of Management
Cherkassy National University named after Bogdan Khmelnitsky
e-mail: kaf_men_05@mail.ru
The article reviews the theoretical aspects to the explanation of the organizational and
corporate culture in the context of organizational and management disciplines.
Keywords: organizational culture, corporate culture, organization, management.
218
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3. 2010-2011 .
Current situation in many countries is in poor condition. The unstable political situation and
economic kinks directly affect the social, cultural and ecological life of the people. Responsibility
for this in the first place should be the government, but to control all aspects of it can not, then the
problem becomes the plane of corporations, companies, firms and people in general. Corporate
social responsibility includes all aspects of liability as in the middle of the enterprise and outside.
The social responsibility of a company is a step on the long road towards the assumed goals and
objectives of Ukraine. The Millennium Development Goals represent seven goals undertaken by
our country to perform for fifteen years.
Keywords: Millennium Declaration, projects PAT "Azot", corporate social responsibility.
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: http://www.work.ua/articles/subject/279/
FIGURE MANAGER IN TOURISM
V. Sapatrylo
Department of Tourism, hotel and restaurant business
Cherkasy National University. B.Khmelnytsky
e.mail: viksapatrilo@yandex.ru
Studied the characteristics of the manager in the field of tourism. The work reveals the basic
qualities that should have a modern leader.
It characterizes the special features manager work of tourism according to areas of work.
Keywords: company tour operators, travel agencies, head directly.
238
338.8
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Andrew J. DuBrin Essentials of Management, 2002, 517 pages.
UDK. 338.8
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF ENTERPRISE STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT
Student Sakharchuk . .
Scientific supervisor: Shostak L.V., PhD in Economics, Associate Professor
Department of Economics, Enterprise and Innovation
Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European National University
vacumus@mail.ru
243
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noise design) that allows students for creating a given emotional background, which
increases the efficiency of absorbing presented material [2].
The fact that school students have some computer skills and basic foreign
language skills is of great help when using multimedia in the classroom.
While students are using multimedia tools on their own, they are able to control
the pace of presentation, the number of repetitions, and freely fix the received
information and use it for its intended use, in accordance with their educational needs
and preferences.
Due to the advantages of multimedia, students can easily find the necessary
information to solve the problem of a missing teacher in their autonomous work. In
addition, these tools allow for creating new and practical situations for students, to
choose the most effective ones, use their knowledge to practice and evaluate the
results, and provide the teacher and the student with individual learning paths. In
these circumstances, the student is like a performer, because the tasks are posed by
the teacher. However, due to the search of independent solutions, the given sample is
never a single path, and a number of options allow to tear off the student from the
sample, provide space for reflection on the nature and content, the conditions of
work, and the possibilities of reaching the aim.
The conclusions. Thus, the multimedia programs are effective in enhancing
cognitive activity in middle school children while learning a foreign language.
Working with multimedia programs enriches the emotional experience of students,
has a motivating effect on learning and stimulates activation of independent
educational activity of secondary school students.
References
1. . .
/ . . . . : , 2005.
256 .
2. . . / . C. // .
2001. 2. . 813.
. .
: . . , . . .
, (. )
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251
.
: , ,
.
252
331.5.024.5
.
: . ..
. .
e.mail: svetuk2000@yandex.ru
,
.
: , , ,
.
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.., .,
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. :
253
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254
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2. ,
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. :
1.
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2. [2, 137].
.
:
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. , 2008
1,5 % 2012 1710,3 . ,
7,8 %, 2008 1 425,1 ,
6,4 %. , 2012
, , , (10,1 %),
(9,7%), (9,4 %).
(5,8 %),
(6,1 %), . (6 %) [3].
. 2008 22 397,4 . ,
2012 22000,9 . .
. 2008 12 971,1 .
, 2012 12065,9 . .
,
.
2008 2012 , 2008
626,00 ., 605 .
2012 1095 .,
255
1134,00 .
2008 1806 , 2012 2965 ,
2,6 (1134 ) 2,7
( 1118 ) [4].
,
,
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[5, 394].
, , .
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256
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
:
. .
[ ] / (
3). 2009. / : http://udau.edu.ua.
. . :
/ . . . : , 1997. 246 .
[ ] /
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[ ] /
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. . : , /
. . . . [. . 11- .]. . : , 1993. 785 . : ., .
: , /
[ ] / : http://persocfond.org.ua.
257
338.3
I A I OI
OA O I
I.. oo
ao i: oa ..
aa ooi i ia a ioaio ioi
ioo aioa i ii i a
e.mail: economical@univer.lutsk.ua
ai ai oi oo o o i a
aoooai a i oi oa.
oi oa: oi , i, oi ai.
oaoa o. a oa ooaa ooo
aaoi aa a oa o i. oa
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oa, o i ooi ai a a
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oa ioai o oi ooi aii, a oooo a,
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258
1.
2.
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4.
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iaa:
Ooa .., a O.. ai o
a: a. oi. .: oo, 2009. 224 .
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ooi. 2010. 8 (68) . 17 21.
ooia . . oa ooo oiaoo
oa i
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i / . . ooia // Aai o ooi. 2010.
3. . 220 226.
ioa . I. ooia ai a oiao-oi io:
aa oi / . I. ioa. .: oo, 2006. 432 .
aoa O. I. Ooi i oa i oa
o i / O. I. aoa // Aai o ooi.
2009. 4. . 85 91.
. oa o i ao
aiiai ioa i / . // aa:
a ai. 2008. 3. . 39 42
262
In this article the theoretical basis of the concept of human resources and suggested ways to
improve their effectiveness.
Keywords: labour resources, efficiency.
263
330.35
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e-mail: inst-econom-law@ukr.net
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PORTRAIT OF A MODERN MANAGER
Sribna V.V.
Supervisor: Ph.D., associate professor Krasnomovets V.A.
Department of Management
Cherkasy National University
Bohdan Khmelnytsky
e.mail: kaf_men_05@mail.ru
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EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS MARKETING COMMUNICATION
ACTIVITIES AND CAMPAIGNS
A. Taran
Department of Management
Cherkasy National University named after Bogdan Khmelnitsky
e-mail: kaf_men_05@mail.ru
Peculiarities assess the effectiveness of marketing communication activities and campaigns.
Established methods for determining the effect of promotional activities. The basic source of
information for evaluating the effectiveness of marketing communication activities and campaigns.
Keywords: marketing, communication, evaluation, evaluation methods, advertising.
290
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COMBINING THE FUNCTIONS OF LEADERS AND MANAGERS IN ONE
PERSON WITH THE SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF ORGANIZATIONAL
LEADERSHIP
A. Trapizonyan
Supervisor: Ph.D. V. A. Krasnomovets
Department of Management
Cherkassy National University named after Bogdan Khmelnitsky
e-mail: kaf_men_05@mail.ru
Studied the features of social and psychological nature of leadership as a phenomenon in
many respects. Describe the differences between "leader" and "manager," and cited a number of
factors which favor a combination of functions leader and manager, which in turn makes it possible
to effectively and successfully implement organizational leadership.
Keywords: Leadership, Manager, socio-psychological phenomenon, organizational
leadership.
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4. Anderson B. Imagined communities: Reflections on the Origins and Spread of
Nationalism. - London, 1983; .
// Pro et Contra. - 1997. - .2. - 4. 5. Harvie C. Scotland and Nationalism: Scottish Society and Politics 1707 -1977.
- London, 1977; Ash M. The Strange Death of Scottish History. - Edinburgh,
1980; Kidd C. Subverting Scotland's past: Scottish whig historians and the
creation of an Anglo - British identity, 1689 - 1830.- Cambridge, 1993.
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The article discibes the basic problems of transport logistics challenges, which will increase
rail traffic and transport sector development in general, defined development prospects and
measures to improve transport logistics in Ukraine today.
Keywords: transport logistics, problems of transport logistics, logistics in Ukraine, freight,
rail transport, road transport.
315
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319
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FOREIGN EXPERIENCE MOTIVATING EMPLOYEES
Student Kharazashvily M.L.
Economy of enterprise and innovation
Eastern European National University im. Lesya Ukrainky
e-mail: Kharazashvily@Gmail.com
The article deals with the problematic aspects of work motivation personnel.
Keywords: motivation, turnover, demand, salary, staff salaries, company.
320
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tiki
3. A.M. : . . .
. 3- ., . . .: "", 2000. . 165169.
LOGISTICS INFORMATION SYSTEMS
A. Tsikalo
Supervisor:
Krasnomovets Victoria V.A.
Ph.D., assistant professor of management
Cherkasy National University
Bohdan Khmelnytsky
The article referred to the analysis of various information streams that circulate within and between
elements of the logistics system between logistics system and the environment forming a logistics
information system.
Keywords: Logistics information systems, functional subsystem, the subsystem software.
329
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EDUCATION MANAGEMENT SKILLS IN FUTURE MANAGERS
K. Chernenko
Supervisor: Ph.D., associate professor Krasnomovets V.A.
332
The paper provides an analysis of what skills should have a modern manager.
Keywords: Skills manager, technical skills, conceptual skills
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[ ]: : http://www.amuletgroup.ru/page.htm?id=49
ASSESSMENT OF PERSONNEL LOYALTY IN PROVIDING ECONOMIC SECURITY
OF ENTERPRISE
Chernenko SA
Department of Management
Cherkasy National University named after Bogdan Khmelnitsky
e-mail: kaf_men_05@mail.ru
The features of evaluation staff loyalty while ensuring economic security. The basic personality
types that threaten the economic security of the enterprise. The basic methods for evaluating
applicants for employment and measures to safeguard employees' loyalty in the context of
economic security.
Keywords: staff, loyalty, enterprise, economic security, incentives, needs, personality.
338
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PERSONNELPOLICY ENTERPRISE
I.V. Yaroshik
DepartmentofEconomicsandEntrepreneurshipandinnovation
EasternEuropeanNationalUniversityofLesyaUkrainka
e.mail: irusjkajaroschyk@mail.ru
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:
1. Designing Interactive Systems: People, Activities, Contexts, Technologies.
[ ] / David Benyon, Dr. Phil Turner, Dr. Susan Turner.
http://books.google.com.ua/books?id=iWe7VkFW0zMC&pg=PA2&hl=
ru&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=3#v=onepage&q&f=false
2. Digital Media: Technological and Social Challenges of the Interactive World
[ ] / Edited by Megan A. Winget and William Aspray
http://books.google.com.ua/books?id=boS5Vfh80osC&printsec
=frontcover&dq=Digital+interactive+media&hl=ru&sa=X&ei=5O2PUKbnIcj
GtAaqjYCYAw&redir_esc=y
3. Interactive Media [ ]
4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_media
5. Interaction [ ]
6. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interaction
7. [ ]
http://webstudio2u.net/ru/site-develop/444-interactive-site.html
8. [ ]
http://magazine.stankin.ru/arch/n_02/automation/art13.html
366
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3.
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371
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03.00.04 / ; .
. . . , 2009. 44 .
6.
[] / . . ,
. . , . . , . . // .
2009. .9, 2. .172-176.
PROPER FLUORESCENCE OF BACTERIAL TOXINS AND TOXOIDS
S. Kalinichenko1, T. Ryzhkova1, Y. Posokhov2
1- SE Mechnikov Institute of Microbiology and Immunology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kharkiv
2- Research Institute of Chemistry, Kharkiv
e-mail: kalinichenko_sv@ukr.net
Peculiarities of fluorescence of bacterial toxins and their derivatives were investigated. It was
experimentally established that maximums of fluorescence spectrums of native toxins significantly
differed from their toxoids. The findings of investigation show that fluorometry method makes
possible to control toxoiding of toxins and it is acceptable for rapid, accurate and handy
determination of toxoid formation without using animals in the initial stage.
Keywords: fluorescence, diphtheria toxin, diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxin, tetanus toxoid.
372
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-mail: Mingalyova.Yuliya@yandex.ru
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MODERN CRYPTOGRAPHIC METHODS OF INFORMATION PROTECTION
Yu.Mingalyova
Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
Ivan Franko Zhytomyr State University
-mail: Mingalyova.Yuliya@yandex.ru
The article deals with modern symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic methods of
information security, quantum cryptography and features of the cryptosystems based on elliptic
curves.
Keywords: information security, cryptography, methods of cryptographic protection of
information, symmetric encryption, asymmetric encryption.
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. - 1996. - . 22, 2. - . 108-111.
V.Ryabokon
Department of Human and animal physiology
Kherson State University
Studied the features of vegetative status of postgraduating students compared with a freshers. These
indicators of the level of anxiety and variability of cardiac rhythm (VCR) indicate predominant
influence vagotoniya to work in cardio-vascular system of postgraduating students compared with a
freshers and could be considered as indicators of successful adaptation of functional systems to
study in university.
Keywords: vegetative status, vagotoniya, simpatotoniya, eytoniya, variability of cardiac rhythm
(VCR), level of anxiety.
389
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OMPUTER PROTECTION FROM UNAUTHORIZED CHANGES OF OPERATING
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION IN EDUCATIONAL LABORATORIES
O. Slovinskiy, O Slovinska
Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
393
394
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THEORETICAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE NATURE OF THE STEEL AND COPPER
A. Cherkashin
student 11 class publicly humanitarian separation the of Slavyansk pedagogical lyceum Slavyansk
citi council Donetsk region
E- mail: slavinsk_1996@mail.ru
403
This article is devoted to one of the most urgent problems of materials science is the study
of the properties of elasticity of steel and copper wires under the load of stretching and
compression. In the work of the disclosed content of the notions of: copper, steel, load, elasticity,
strength, deformation.
Keywords: copper, steel, loadings, resiliency, durability, deformation.
404
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Allwright D. Observation in the Language Classroom / Dick Allwright. L. :
Logman, 1988. 318 p.
.mail: kafedra_2010@mail.ru
The results of experimental teaching foreign language listening to primary schoolchildren by
means of audiovisual verbal and non-verbal aids have been summarized in the paper. The use of
audiovisual verbal and non-verbal aids enhances learners motivation to master listening in a
foreign-language, development of thinking, memory, observation, concentration of primary
schoolchildrens attention, can significantly improve learners speech comprehension, helps
creating positive atmosphere that prevents learners rapid exhaustion, loss of interest in the subject,
increases effectiveness of learning foreign language listening in the primary classroom.
Key words: experimental teaching, primary schoolchildren, foreign-language listening,
audiovisual verbal and nonverbal aids.
428
37.091.3
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: http://www.loveread.ec/read_book.php?id=2467&p=1.
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431
In the article there have been considered war and love in Ernest Hemingways novel A
Farewell to Arms! as incompatible essences. The main characters love in the midst of suffering
and fights is regarded as an antithesis of war with its cruel and inhuman appearance.
Keywords: war, love, incompatible essences, antithesis.
432
811.11142
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e.mail: inyaz@sspu.sumy.ua
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I swung my arms, and fell with a crash that shook the cloud-land and shivered the
billowing cumulus from north to south. My husband caught my look of pain (Mrs.
Big: Jack and the Beanstalk Retold by Michael Cadnum) [4].
, .
434
2. .
my husband fell, crashing through the green into the flat and distant earth... my
husband lay like a hill, a mountain shaped like a man, stretched out with his last glance
bright with love for me it tells the demise of my beloved. (Mrs. Big: Jack and the
Beanstalk Retold by Michael Cadnum) [4].
. .
.
3.
.
Glasina felt like crying. What they were afraid of was that the wolf was really a
young man under a spell. According to the stories, if Glasina kissed the wolf, the spell
would break, and it would become a young man again. But if he was as annoying as a
human being as he was as a wolf, Glasina wasnt keen on the idea. She would, naturally,
as his rescuer, be expected to fall in love with him Glasina hadnt planned her life this
way. She wanted to learn things, travel, teach, and paint and take pictures. On the other
hand, how could she allow a young man to go on being trapped in a wolf body once
shed guessed what was wrong? (A Wolf at the Door by Tanith Lee) [4].
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lions had developed long, heavy, grayish fur, and huge orange manes (to show they were
still fierce), which from the front made them look like chrysanthemums [4].
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Months of Manhattan, Central Park, Metropolitan Museum, Cape Cod, Walkman,
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435
Moral: If you love a waist, you waste a love. (Cinder Elephant by Jane Yolen) [4];
- ;
- , (
Mrs. Big: Jack and the Beanstalk Retold);
- , ;
- :
They [birds] ate it in one gulp each, singing:
The bigger the heart,
The greater the prize.
You will be perfect
In somebodys eyes.
(Cinder Elephant by Jane Yolen) [4].
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1.
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/ // . 2009.
1 (7).
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, 2009. 81 (3). . 367 370.
..
: . . .
. . : . 10.02.04 / ..
. -, 2007. :
http://www.referun.com/n/lingvostilisticheskie-osobennosti-sovremennoyangloyazychnoy-literaturnoy-skazki
A Wolf at the Door and Other Retold Fairy Tales / [edited by Datlow E.,
Windling T.]. New York : Aladdin Paperbacks, 2000. 166 p.
e.mail:inyaz@sspu.sumy.ua
The article deals with the peculiarities of the post-modernist fairy-tale. The considerable attention
is paid to the examination of the problem of fairy-tale evolution, transformations it underwent at
different stages of its formation. Distinctive features of the modern English fairy-tale are differentiated.
Keywords: post-modernism, unpublished prohibition, personage, the psychology of the
character.
437
821.111:008 (410.1)
.
: . . . .
e.mail: sevil.velieva.92@mail.ru
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. .: . 1985. .. 299 .
: / . . . . . .: ,
2004. 496 .
[ ], 2009.
: http://gazetam.ru/15-marta/ryitsarstvo-srednevekovya.htm
[ ], 2010.
: http://vmrake.ru/istoriya/77-srednie-veka-1100-1460-gg/4846rycarstvo-v-srednie-veka.html
.
: . . . .
e.mail: sevil.velieva.92@mail.ru
. ,
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.
Resume. The article outlines the results of symbolical and historical analysis, the etymology and
phenomenon of knighthood on the material of West European culture and literature is reviewed.
Key words: knight culture, courtly love, etymology, medieval England and Scotland.
443
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e.mail:o_kosuk@ukr.net
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http://eprints.zu.edu.ua/6917/1/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%
80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%20%D0%94%D1%8E%D0%B6%D0%B5
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: www.nbuv.gov.ua/portal/natural/Vznu/fil/2008_1_2/2008-2606/mironuk.pdf.
448
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e-mail: inyaz@sspu.sumy.ua
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(J. Gavins, L. Hidalgo Downing, D. Hoover, E. Lahey, D. Mendes,
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:
1. Gavins J. The Text World Theory: An Introduction / Gavins J. Edinburgh
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L. :Longman, 1999. 390 p.
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17-33.
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Journal of Literary Semantics. 2005. Vol. 34. P. 79-93.
454
378.147:81243
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e.mail: olga-lipki@list.ru
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. : Rose! screamed Lily, What a
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especially on its semantic level. In our article we will dwell upon the ways our
bodily experience predetermines world perception, its conceptualization and further
verbalization of the notions.
The correlation between experience, embodied cognition and language
constitutes the basis of M. Johnsons and G. Lakoffs ideas of embodied realism [1,
50; 2]. According to their theory our cognition and perception of world is influenced
or even determined by our physical experiences. The concepts we have access to and
the nature of the reality we think and talk about are a function of embodiment: we
can only talk about what we can perceive and conceive, and the things that we can
perceive and conceive derive from embodied experience [1, 46]. The perception is
turned into our conceptions of the reality, which remain in our mind as concepts.
Consequently, language is understood not as the description of the real world, but
rather a description of human perception of reality, which is based on bodily
experience. Thus, it cannot be investigated in isolation from human embodiment [1,
44].
The connection between language and bodily experience are mostly
represented in two ways: in meaning and understanding.
Cognitive semantics claims that meaning is embodied [1, 2, 3]. As we
perceive the world differently, there is also a difference in the way we express our
experience. Therefore, when we examine meaning, our goal is not to find a
correspondence between utterances, but rather to explore the ways in which meaning
is motivated by human perceptual and conceptual capacities. Meaning is basically
identified with conceptualization [4, 54]. As conceptual structure is reflected by
semantic structure and concepts derive from embodiment [1, 177], meaning is
embodied. Moreover, the meaning of abstract notions is based on our primitive
bodily experience. M. Johnson suggests that we first begin to make sense of our
bodies and their environments. It forms the ultimate basis for even the most abstract
conceptualization [5, 164].
Abstract concepts are vested with bodily meaning through conceptual
metaphor [5, 165]. Lakoff and Johnson propose, that we not only speak in
metaphorical terms, but also think in metaphorical terms [1, 295]. Moreover,
metaphors actually structure our perceived world [2, 69].
There is a huge amount of body-related concepts in metaphors. Take an
example I am not ashamed I went out with you. [6, 62]. The word - expression to
go out literary means to go outdoors, leave one's residence [7]. But in the given
sentence the bodily experience of a person to go obtains a new meaning to have a
date.
Generally speaking, there are two major ways of correlation between meaning
and embodiment: reflection of bodily experience onto object names [3, 252]; relation
of bodily movement in space to more abstract ideas [2].
In everyday language, there is a direct reflection of the embodied nature onto
object names. It is based on the association between body parts and objects. For
481
example, the hands of a clock, the mouth of a river, the foot of a hill and many others
[3, 252].
Abstract knowledge is built analogically from more experience-based
knowledge [8]. This statement is based on Johnsons and Lakoffs ideas that bodily
motion in space forms the basis for abstract concepts. For instance, our body-based
understanding of how objects move in space is mapped onto the concept of time [5,
167]. We conceptualize time via deep, systematic, spatial-movement metaphors in
which the passage of time is understood as relative motion in space [5, 165].
Moreover, there are two perspectives of time perception. Some of us imagine
ourselves as moving forward through time. It is the ego-moving perspective. And the
time-moving perspective indicates the perception of time as coming toward us [8].
The difference in time perception depends on individual embodied experience.
Human body itself accounts for abstract concepts comprehension. S.P. Carvel
claims that body parts are basic for conceptualization of emotions [9, 245]. Our
bodies and body parts can be seen as containers of emotions [9, 247]. For instance:
There was anger in his eyes.
Fanny left the room with a very sorrowful heart [9, 250].
His face was radiant with tenderness [9, 258].
The relation between body / body parts and abstract concepts is often based
on the principle of association. Body parts are often associated with functions they
perform and it may cause reference to the abstract notions:
Hold your tongue.
Shut your mouth.
Tongue and mouth are usually associated with a physical ability to
speak. However, the meaning of the utterances is dont speak that is be silent.
Thus, we can claim, that in the cases, both body parts tongue and mouth are
associated with an abstract concept silence.
Is it possible that a mortal can live, breathe, walk and talk without the benefit
of a brain? [6, 56]
Brain is often associated with mind, ability to think. In the example the phrase
without the benefit of a brain means without the ability to think. Consequently,
the person, who is referred to in the utterance is considered to be unable to think, that
is silly. Thus, in this case, brain is associated with an abstract notion silliness.
As it has been mentioned, the connection between language and embodiment
are represented not only in human meaning but also in understanding. The way we
understand language depends not only on bodily experience. Some linguists, such as
R. Gibbs [10] claim that embodied experience is shaped by cultural processes. Thus,
research on embodied cognition should explore the linkages between embodiment
and cultural meaning. Gibbs proposes an extended conception of embodiment which
includes bodily and cultural experience. He explains this idea by the fact that the
cognition which occurs, when body meets the world is inextricably culturally-based
[10, 13]. Bodies are not culture-free objects, because people actually instill different
cultural meanings into bodily processes in changing cultural contexts [10]. This is
482
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Literature:
Evans V., Green M. Cognitive linguistics: An introduction / V. Evans, M.
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e-mail:mishka_24@mail.ru
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http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary
Scott, Tom (Ph.D.). The Penguin book of Scottish Verse. Introduced and edited
by Tom Scott / Tom Scott // Lnd., 1976. 519 p.
REALIA COMMENTING AS TEXT INTERPRETATION PROBLEM
(ON THE MATERIAL OF MIDDLE AGES SCOTTISH BALLAD)
E.R. Tulup
Scientific advisor: Ph.D., prof. Novikova M. A.
Department of Russian and Foreign Literature
Tavrida National University after V.I. Vernadskiy
e.mail: telzara@yandex.ru
The paper throws light upon the results of symbolic analysis of historic, magic and
geographical realia. The material of our research medieval Scottish ballad True Thomas.
Key words: Thomas Lermont, realia, ritual, myth, myphology, legend, medieval Scotland.
504
8142
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: . . . . .
e-mail: kudrrrashka_13@mail.ru
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FUNCTIONALITY OF LINGUOSTYLISTIC IN POETRY
PAULO TYCHYNA
A. Khomula
Department of linguistics
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e-mail: d-filf@znu.edu.ua
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