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Accessways, Stairs and Ladders: Application User Guide
Accessways, Stairs and Ladders: Application User Guide
Accessways, Stairs and Ladders: Application User Guide
pdms1161/Accessways
issue 240304
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Revision History
Date
Version
Notes
November
2003
11.5
June 2005
11.6SP1
Revision History-i
Revision History
Revision History-ii
Contents
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
2.1
2.2
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
4.1
4.2
4.3
Contents-i
Contents
5.1
5.2
6.1
6.2
7.1
7.3
8.1
7.2
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
9.1
9.2
9.3
Contents-ii
1.1
1-1
Exercise begins:
1.2
Text conventions
This guide uses the following text conventions:
1.3
Serif
Bold
Serif italic
Sans-serif
Sans-serif bold
Typewriter
Terminology
The following terms are used throughout this guide to describe what
action to carry out:
Enter
1-2
Type text into the specified dialogue box, then press the
Enter (or Return) key to confirm the entry.
1.4
Click
Pick
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Appendix A
1-3
Appendix B
1.5
1-4
2.1
The applications let you check all aspects of your design as work
progresses. This includes on-line interdisciplinary clash detection, so
the chances of errors and inconsistencies reaching the final
documented design are reduced to an exceptionally low level.
modules
applications
2-1
2.2
2-2
You can carry out multi-disciplinary clash checks at any stage of the
design, thus avoiding spatial conflicts within the overall model which
could be expensive to rectify at the construction stage. This is
particularly important where different features of the design model
are under the control of different designers.
At any stage of your work, you can create reports listing specified data
from the current database. You can specify a standard report
template, so you can derive lists of commonly-required information
very quickly, or you can design a one-off report format to suit special
needs. The resultant output, which can include data from any design
discipline, sorted in any way you require, can be either displayed on
your screen or sent to a file (for storage and/or for printing).
Getting Started
The first part of this chapter is a reminder of the user interface and
principles that you utilised during previous sessions with Design. The
subject matter covered is:
The second part of the chapter introduces aspects specific to ASL. The
subject matter covered is:
3.1
Basic information
This section is intended for readers who are unfamiliar with computer
practices. It provides information on the use of the mouse and describes
the elements that regularly appear in the windows of the graphical user
interface.
3-1
Getting Started
Move the pointer to the right and select Explicit from the resultant
submenu.
3-2
text boxes
drop-down lists
Accessways, Stairs and Ladders Application User Guide
Version 11.6SP1
Getting Started
option buttons
check boxes
scrollable lists
action buttons.
To change the setting, click on the down arrow or button face to reveal
the full list of available options. Then pick the required option.
When the arrow has a bar under it, clicking on the button leads to
another form, at which the required option can be selected from a
scrollable list.
3-3
Getting Started
Getting Started
3.2
Logging in
This is the first step of the tutorial exercise. If you do not know where the
PDMS program is stored on your system, you will have to contact your
system administrator at this point.
Exercise begins:
1.
3-5
Getting Started
2.
3.
Enter, or select using the dropdown list button, the name of the
Project in which you want to work. For this tutorial, the project is
SAM (in upper case).
4.
Enter, or select using the dropdown list button, your Username. For
this tutorial, it is SAMPLE (in upper case).
5.
6.
Enter, or select using the dropdown list button, the part of the project
Multiple Database (MDB) you want to work in. For this tutorial it
is SAMPLE.
7.
Using the dropdown list, select the name of the module you wish to
use. This is Design.
8.
Make sure that you leave the Read Only box unchecked, so that you
can modify the database as you work.
9.
You must specify which files (Load from) to load at startup. The
options are the application default settings (Macro Files) or a
customised setup saved during an earlier session (Load from
Binary Files). For this tutorial select Macro Files.
When you have entered all the necessary details, the form looks like
this:
10.
3-6
Click on the
button.
Getting Started
3.3
3-7
Getting Started
3D View
This is the window in which you display the design model
graphically as you build it. A shortcut menu (which you access
with the right-hand mouse button) enables you to control how the
model is represented. This window also has its own tool bar.
Status Bar
This displays information about the current status of your
operations.
You can reposition or minimise these windows at any time using
standard window management facilities.
3.4
On-line help
The standard Help features are available from its submenu, as follows:
Help>On Context
This gives you help on any window currently visible in the display. When
you select this option, the pointer changes to a question mark (?). Move
the question mark into the window on which you want help and click the
left-hand mouse button.
Help>Contents
This displays the Help three-pane window with the Contents tab at the
front so that you can find the required topic from the hierarchical
contents list.
Help>Index
This displays the Help three-pane window with the Index tab at the front
so that you can find all topics relevant to a selected keyword.
Help>About
This displays information about the version of PDMS that you are using.
More Info... lists the version numbers of the libraries being used by
the displayed version of PDMS.
Pressing the F1 key at any time will display the help topic for the
currently active window (equivalent to Help>On Context for the current
window).
Note:
3-8
Getting Started
3.5
Its type
Its connectivity.
3-9
Getting Started
In many cases, commands which you give for modifying the attributes of
an element will assume that the changes are to be applied to the current
element unless you specify otherwise, so you must understand this
concept and always be aware of your current position in the database
hierarchy. The Design Explorer will always show you this information.
3.6
Exercise continues:
11.
Start the ASL application by selecting Design from the top-level bar
menu, Structures from the pull-down menu and ASL Modeller from
the first submenu (Design>Structures>ASL Modeller).
When the application has loaded, you will see the applications bar
menu, across the top of the window thus:
12.
3-10
Getting Started
3.7
Some of these parameters, such as the length and width, are specific to
each individual item and must be defined separately each time a new
platform is created. The definition is made either explicitly, by typing
values into text boxes, or implicitly, by using the cursor to pick existing
design elements relative to which the new item is to be positioned.
Other parameters, such as floorplate thickness, handrail design
definitions, kickplate depth etc., which are likely to be common to all such
structures, have their initial settings derived from the current defaults
file. You can change the current default settings at any time, so that they
take effect for all subsequent design work, or you can override one or
more individual settings by editing the entries in the corresponding text
boxes as you create each ASL item.
3-11
Getting Started
D ire c tion
Wid th
Ha n d rail lo c a tio n s
Ha n d rail p o s t ty pe
(e .g . jo in te d, flo or m ou n te d)
Le n g th
Kic k p la te de p th
Flo o rp la te th ic k n e s s
3-12
Getting Started
The form shows the current setting for each parameter and the name of
the defaults file from which the settings have been obtained.
When you first enter the ASL application, the defaults file is defined
within the initialisation file PDMSUI/DES/ADMIN/SETUP; the file is
typically defined as %PDMSDFLTS%/DES-ACCESS.
To change any of the parameter default settings, edit the corresponding
entries in the ASL Defaults form. Note that three of the settings are
defined by using drop-down list, rather than by editing values in text
boxes. These are:
3-13
Getting Started
Steelwork Type
You can save the modified settings, or load a new set of defaults from an
existing file, by using the File menu options on the ASL Defaults form in
the usual way. This is a convenient way for you to build up a library of
standard ASL design configurations for use on different types of
steelwork structures, or to meet different company standards.
Once satisfactory sets of default values have been established, it should
not be necessary to change these in normal use, because they will usually
represent project-wide or company-wide standards.
3-14
Rectangular platform
Corner platform
Return access
Walkway
Circular platform
This chapter also explains how to insert a penetration into the floorplate
of any platform to allow another design element, such as a pipe, to pass
through it.
Note: You should create platforms at Structure or Substructure level.
4.1
4-1
0
R e c tan gu lar p la tform
Corn e r p latfo rm
(R .H. l ayou t)
R e tu rn ac c e s s p l atform
s h ow s or ig in
an d d ir e c t io n
The only data that is not taken from the defaults file is that which defines
the position and dimensions of the platform. You may specify such data in
either of two ways:
Exercise continues:
13.
4-2
Make sure that you are at World level in the Design Explorer, then
select Create>Site to display the Create Site form:
14.
Type ASL.SITE in the Name text box, and press the Enter key to
confirm the name. The system automatically adds a / prefix to this
name so that it conforms with the internal PDMS file naming
conventions:
/ASL.SITE.
The Purpose setting is optional, and is used for selecting particular
categories of element for use in compiling reports etc. Identify your
Site as one that holds civils modelling data by selecting STLT
Tertiary Steelwork.
Your settings now look like this:
15.
Click OK to create the Site element. Your first element appears in the
Design Explorer as the current element:
4-3
16.
Select Create>Zone. You will let the system name the Zone. On the
Create Zone form: Set the Name option to Autoname
4-4
17.
You will see an element creation form similar to this (the precise
format depends on the type of platform specified):
19.
20.
21.
Enter the coordinates of the new platforms origin (the centre of the
rectangle) in the Position text boxes, checking that the Wrt entry
refers to the correct reference axis system.
4-5
22.
23.
The default orientation for a newly created platform is with its length
pointing North and with the plane of the platform horizontal (these
directions are not derived from the defaults file). If you wish to rotate
the platform about a vertical axis through its origin, edit the entry in
the Direction text box.
For a Return Access platform, the specified direction defines the
direction of the open end.
24.
25.
If you have created a corner or return access platform, you will see
the prompt Mirror? This gives you the opportunity to change your
mind about the handrail layout by moving the rails to the opposite
sides. Select Yes or No as required.
An example platform (with Length and Width set to 1000, 1000
respectively, and YES selected for Mirror) is shown below:
4-6
27.
Note that the default type of steel should be set to Nodal. If it is not,
you will not be able to pick the elements upon which you wish to
install the platform and the application will fail.
28.
4-7
29.
30.
31.
Set the Extent option gadget to show how the platforms boundaries
are to be related to the datum lines of the sections which will be used
to define them. The choices are:
Centreline
Edge
32.
33.
34.
If you have created a corner or return access platform, you will see
the prompt Do you want to mirror the ... Platform? This
gives you the opportunity to change your mind about the handrail
layout by moving the rails to the opposite sides. Select Yes or No as
required.
An example platform (with NO selected for Do you want to mirror
the ... ?) is shown below:
4-8
4.2
4-9
Round platform
with optional inside rail
Hexagonal platform
(Six Sides)
Octagonal platform
(Eight Sides)
90o round
180o round
360o round
without inside rail
Exercise continues:
4-10
36.
37.
38.
Enter the coordinates of the new platforms origin (the centre of the
circumscribing circle) in the Position text boxes, checking that the
Wrt entry refers to the correct reference axis system.
39.
40.
For a round platform, enter the Angle subtended by the segment (the
default setting of 0 gives a full 360o platform) and the Direction of
the starting edge (remembering that the angle is measured
anticlockwise), thus:
4-11
An gle
Or igin
Ra diu s t o
ou t side of
floor
F loor
widt h
41.
For a round platform, set the Inside rail option button to specify
whether or not you want a rail round the inner penetration (if any).
42.
4.3
4-12
P ipe
Squ a r e
pen et r a t ion
in floor pla te
Exercise continues:
4.3.1
43.
4-13
44.
45.
46.
Set the Floor type option button to show the shape of the platform
(Rectangular or Circular) into which the penetration will be
inserted. (This information is needed to ensure that the penetration
creation calculations are correctly executed.)
47.
Click Apply.
48.
49.
4-14
50.
51.
Set the Floor type option button to show the shape of the platform
(Rectangular or Circular) into which the penetration will be
inserted. (This information is needed to ensure that the penetration
creation calculations are correctly executed.)
52.
Click Apply.
53.
54.
4-15
4-16
Creating Stairs
This chapter explains how to create flights of stairs, complete with side
rails on one or both sides, between the floor and a platform (a bottom
flight) or between two platforms (a top flight). The difference between the
two configurations is the shape of the bottom end of the side rails, thus:
Rails have
terminating loops
Bottom Flight
Top Flight
5-1
Creating Stairs
Left-hand rail
Right-hand rail
Direction
Width between
stringers
Height
Stringer thickness
Origin
(midway between
stringers)
Stringer depth
Angle
Length
For top flights only, by identifying the p-points on finished floor levels
(FFL) at the bottom and top of the stair - see Section 5.2
Exercise continues:
5.1
55.
5-2
Creating Stairs
You will see a Stair Creation form similar to this (the precise format
depends on the chosen menu selection):
56.
57.
58.
Enter the coordinates for the origin of the stairs (that is, the midpoint of the lower front extremity) in the Position text boxes,
checking that the Wrt entry refers to the correct reference axis
system.
59.
60.
Enter the Height and, for Height & Length specifications only, the
Length. Note that the specified length refers to the horizontal
projection, not the actual length of the stringers.
61.
5-3
Creating Stairs
5.2
Exercise continues:
Before you begin, ensure that both platforms that will be used to define
the stairs are shown in the 3D view.
5-4
62.
63.
64.
65.
Click OK.
Creating Stairs
66.
67.
5-5
Creating Stairs
5-6
Creating Ladders
This chapter explains how to create any of the following types of ladder:
A step ladder
These configurations are illustrated in Figure 6.1, which shows the origin
and direction that you will use to position and orientate each type. The
figure also shows the intended access direction(s) from each type of
ladder.
6-1
Creating Ladders
Key:
Origin and
direction of
ladder
Access
direction(s)
Step ladder
6.1
68.
6-2
Creating Ladders
69.
70.
Enter the coordinates for the origin of the ladder (that is, the midpoint of the lower front extremity) in the Position text boxes,
checking that the Wrt entry refers to the correct reference axis
system.
71.
72.
73.
6.2
74.
You will see a ladder creation form similar to this (the precise format
depends on the chosen menu selection):
6-3
Creating Ladders
6-4
75.
76.
Check that the default setting for Clearance is suitable. This setting
defines the stand-off distance between the ladder and any potential
obstructions behind it. Change it if necessary.
77.
Enter the coordinates for the origin of the ladder (that is, the midpoint of the lower front extremity) in the Position text boxes,
checking that the Wrt entry refers to the correct reference axis
system.
78.
79.
Enter the Height or, for a double exit ladder, the Height to top
platform and the Height to first platform.
80.
7.1
In both cases, the joints may have any of the following shapes:
Ball
Cone
Tee
7-1
Handrail
A post
A corner post
Ball joints
Cone joints
Tee joints
7-2
As an explicit point
If you use Create>Post>At Explicit, you will see a form on which you can
enter the coordinates of the point at which the base of the post is to be
positioned.
If you use Create>Post>At P-Point, you will be prompted to pick a p-point
on a floorplate. The easiest way to do this is to position the cursor
Accessways, Stairs and Ladders Application User Guide
Version 11.6SP1
7-3
anywhere on the required floorplate and hold down the left-hand mouse
button as you move the cursor. The p-points will be shown as blobs and
the cursor shape will change from . to
when it is over a p-point.
Creating a Row of Posts
You can create a row of posts between the following pairs of points:
In all cases, the posts will be equispaced and the number of posts will be
calculated automatically from the distance between the points and the
maximum permitted post pitch (as set in the current defaults file).
You will be asked whether or not the new row of posts is to have
handrails.
If you use Create>Post>Between Handrail Ends, you will be prompted to
pick ppoints on the top elbows of two handrails.
If you use Create>Post>Between Posts, you will be prompted to pick two
posts. Pick the cylinders forming the main uprights in each case.
If you use Create>Post>Between End and Post, you will be prompted first to
pick a p-point on the top elbow of a handrail and then to pick a post.
7.2
Creating Handrails
A handrail may incorporate the following component parts:
Top rail
End pad
Closure
End pad
Bottom rail
Joint
Post base
When you create a handrail, both the top and bottom rails are created as
a pair of equal-length cylinders. You can, however, modify each rail
independently. (The methods of modifying such items are explained in
Chapters 8 and 9.)
Closures - a loop linking the top and bottom rails together (an example
of this was shown on a bottom flight of stairs in Chapter 5)
7-5
Direction
Length
7.3
Creating kickplates
When you create any type of platform, a kickplate is added automatically
(if originally specified) to all sides which have handrails. Kickplates are
also added round the central hole (if any) on circular platforms and round
floor penetrations. The height of the kickplate is derived from the
Kickplate Depth setting in the defaults file; you will be asked to
confirm (or modify) this height each time you create another kickplate.
To add a length of kickplate explicitly to an existing platform, select
Create>Kickplate>option, where option gives you the following choices:
Along Floorplate Edge - Adds kickplate along one side of the floorplate
only. You will be prompted to pick first the floorplate and then the
edge along which the kickplate is required.
Along Edge with Cut Out - Adds kickplate along one side of the
7-6
platform. You will be prompted to pick first the floorplate, then the
edge along which the kickplate is required, then the two posts
between which the cut-out is wanted.
All Around Floorplate - Adds kickplate on all sides of the floorplate.
You will be prompted to pick the floorplate.
Between Posts - Adds kickplate between two specified posts only (in
effect, the inverse of the cut-out option). You will be prompted to pick
the floorplate and then the two posts.
7-7
7-8
8.1
Explicit Positioning
You can position an element explicitly at a given position in the following
ways:
Exercise continues:
8-1
82.
8.2
8-2
Exercise continues:
83.
84.
Enter the distance by which you wish to move the origin in each
direction.
Use the CE option on the drop-down list box at top left to
position the element relative to its current position.
Use Pick to select a member of the current element to move.
List will move the current element relative to a List.
The Positioning Control form controls the use of event-driven graphics
for positioning. For more information, see the Positioning Control form
help topic in the Design online help:
8-3
8.3
Through
Clearance
Towards
Exercise continues:
Select Position>Move>Distance.
8-4
86.
87.
Select how you wish to define the position of the moved element
relative to the reference point, using the first option button:
88.
Only
Infront
Behind
Onto
Under
From
To
Select how you wish to identify the reference point using the second
option button:
Cursor
A cursor-identified 3D position
ID Cursor
The origin of a cursor-identified item
ID P-point
A cursor-identified p-point
Coordinate ... A given coordinate
Name ...
The origin of a named element
Pin ...
The position of a construction pin
89.
If you have chosen one of the cursor options, pick the corresponding
item when prompted to do so (in a plan or elevation view).
90.
8-5
Select Position>Move>Through.
92.
Set the direction for the move. Note that the current direction of the
component is displayed in the Direction box.
93.
Select how you wish to define the Through point from the following
options:
Cursor
A cursor-identified 3D position
ID Cursor
The origin of a cursor-identified item
ID P-point
A cursor-identified p-point
Coordinate ... A given coordinate
Name ...
The origin of a named element
Pin ...
The position of a construction pin
94.
If you have chosen one of the cursor options, pick the corresponding
item when prompted to do so (in a plan or elevation view).
95.
Select Position>Move>Clearance.
8-6
The OBST setting shows that it is the obstruction box of the current
element, rather than its detailed geometry, which is used to calculate
clearances.
97.
Set the direction for the move. Note that the current direction of the
component is displayed in the Direction box.
98.
99.
Select how you wish to define the position of the moved element
relative to the reference point, using the first option button:
100.
Infront
Onto
From
To
Select how you wish to identify the reference point using the second
option button:
Cursor
A cursor-identified 3D position
ID Cursor
The origin of a cursor-identified item
ID P-point
A cursor-identified p-point
Coordinate ... A given coordinate
Name ...
The origin of a named element
Pin ...
The position of a construction pin.
8-7
101.
If you have chosen one of the cursor options, pick the corresponding
item when prompted to do so (in a plan or elevation view).
102.
Select Position>Move>Towards.
104.
105.
Select how you wish to define the Towards point from the following
options:
Cursor
ID Cursor
ID P-point
Name ...
Pin ...
A cursor-identified 3D position
The origin of a cursor-identified item
A cursor-identified p-point
The origin of a named element
The position of a construction pin
106.
If you have chosen one of the cursor options, pick the corresponding
item when prompted to do so (in a plan or elevation view).
107.
8.4
8-8
or igin a l elem en t
wit h or igin a t
it s cen t re
or igin (a n d elem en t )
m oved r ela t ive t o
syst em a xes
or igin redefined a t
corn er of elem en t
Exercise continues:
Explicit
109.
If you selected ID P-Point, use the pointer to pick the required p-point
when prompted.
110.
8.5
Through
Clearance
Exercise continues:
8-9
112.
Set the direction for the move (Direction), the direction of the plane
(Through), and distance for the move (Distance). Note that the
current direction of the component is displayed in the Direction
box.
113.
Select how you wish to define the position of the moved element
relative to the reference plane, using the first option button:
114.
8-10
Only
Infront
Behind
Onto
Under
From
To
Select how you wish to identify the reference point which will
determine the plane using the second option button:
Cursor
A cursor-identified 3D position
ID Cursor
The origin of a cursor-identified item
ID P-point
A cursor-identified p-point
Coordinate ... A given coordinate
Name ...
The origin of a named element
Pin ...
The position of a construction pin
115.
If you have chosen one of the cursor options, pick the corresponding
item when prompted to do so (in a plan or elevation view).
116.
118.
Set the direction for the move (Direction) and direction of the plane
(Through). Note that the current direction of the component is
displayed in the Direction box.
119.
Select how you wish to identify the reference point which will
determine the plane:
Cursor
A cursor-identified 3D position
ID Cursor
The origin of a cursor-identified item
ID P-point
A cursor-identified p-point
Coordinate ... A given coordinate
Name ...
The origin of a named element
Pin ...
The position of a construction pin
120.
If you have chosen one of the cursor options, pick the corresponding
item when prompted to do so (in a plan or elevation view).
8-11
121.
123.
Set the direction of the move (Direction), the direction of the plane
(Through), and the required clearance distance from the plane
(Clearance).
124.
Select how you wish to define the position of the moved element
relative to the reference plane, using the first option button:
125.
8-12
Infront
Behind
Onto
Under
From
To
Select how you wish to identify the reference point that will
determine the plane, using the second option button:
Cursor
A cursor-identified 3D position
ID Cursor
The origin of a cursor-identified item
ID P-point
A cursor-identified p-point
Coordinate ... A given coordinate
Name ...
The origin of a named element
Pin ...
The position of a construction pin.
126.
If you have chosen one of the cursor options, pick the corresponding
item when prompted to do so (in a plan or elevation view).
127.
8.6
Exercise continues:
129.
130.
131.
8-13
8.7
Orientating Elements
By default, the orientation of a Structure or Substructure is:
X is East,
Y is North and
Z is Up.
You can redefine this local axis system in one of two ways:
If you specify the direction of one axis only, the other axes will try to
retain their default directions where possible. For example, if you
specify X is North, then the Y direction (which was North) will also
change but the Z direction remains Up. Thus, although you only
specify a new direction for one axis, the directions of at least two axes
will be changed.
If you specify the directions of two axes, then you define the
orientation of the element completely.
Select Orientate>Axes.
133.
8-14
Select the axes that you wish to define, and enter the required
orientations.
Accessways, Stairs and Ladders Application User Guide
Version 11.6SP1
For more information on the use of this form, see the Orientate Form
help topic in the Design online help.
Select Orientate>Rotate.
You will see a form like this, which lets you rotate an element
through a specified angle about a specified axis:
For more information on the use of this form, see the Rotate Form
help topic in the Design online help.
8-15
8-16
Sliding a primitive (moving it along one of its axes) such that one end
is at a specified location.
9-1
circular toruses
forming top
handrail joints
dishes forming
ball joints
(2 dishes per joint)
cylinders forming
post uprights
cylinders forming
handrail sections
box forming
post mounting
plate
circular toruses
forming part of
handrail closure
boxes forming
stair treads
polyhedron forming
stair stringer
9.1
Exercise continues:
135.
Tr im
(-va lu e)
St r et ch
(+va lu e)
p-point on
second
pr im it ive
specific distance from a target p-point which you will pick using the
cursor. You can specify a positive or negative clearance, depending on
which side of the target p-point the clearance distance is required.
cu r r en t pr im it ive
Or igin a l
posit ion
of p-poin t
clea r a n ce t o
p-poin t on
secon d pr im a t ive
specific distance from a target p-line which you will pick using the
cursor. You can specify a positive or negative clearance, depending on
which side of the target p-line the clearance distance is required.
136.
When prompted, use the cursor to pick the p-point on the current
primitive that you will use to define its new length.
137.
If you have chosen one of the cursor options, pick the corresponding
target item to be used to define the new position of the p-point.
9-3
platform handrail block the exit from the ladder, as shown in the
enlarged view.
Post 1
Post 3
Post 4
Existing platform
with handrail
Post 2
Redundant post
Post 3
Unwanted
sections
of handrail
Post 4
Exercise continues:
A procedure for correcting this problem is as follows (it assumes that both
a 3D View similar to Figure 9.2 and the Members List are visible on
screen):
9-4
138.
Pick any primitive which forms part of the redundant post. In the
Members List, move up to the owning Structure (i.e. the complete
post/joint assembly). Use the Delete>CE option to delete the complete
post. The result is shown in Figure 9.3a.
139.
Pick the upper handrail (which is a single cylinder running from the
top of Post 1 to Post 2). Select Modify>Stretch/Trim>To P-Point. When
prompted, pick that p-point on the current cylinder which is at Post 2
and then pick, as the trimming reference, the p-point at the top of
Post 3 (the top of Post 3s vertical cylinder).
Hint: The easiest way to pick a specific p-point is to position the
cursor anywhere on the required primitive and hold down the lefthand mouse button as you move the cursor. The p-points will be
shown as blobs and the cursor shape will change from . to
when
it is over a p-point. Zoom in closer to the view if you cannot see
enough detail.
The upper handrail length will be trimmed so that it now runs from
Post 1 to Post 3, as shown in Figure 9.3b.
140.
Repeat the previous Step to trim the lower handrail back to Post 3, as
shown in Figure 9.3c.
141.
9-5
9.2
Exercise continues:
142.
Ensure that your current element is the primitive that you want to
move. Select Modify>Slide>option, where option gives you the
following choices:
To P-Point - Moves the primitive in the direction of a selected p-point
Or igina l
posit ion of
pr im it ive
F ina l
posit ion of
pr im it ive
Or igina l
posit ion
of p-point
p-point on
second
pr im it ive
143.
When prompted, use the cursor to pick the p-point on the current
primitive which you will use to define its direction of movement and
its new position.
144.
F in a l
posit ion of
pr im it ive
Or igin a l
posit ion
of p-poin t
p-point on
secon d
pr im it ive
9.3
9-6
If you wish to connect the stair/ladder rails to handrails which run in the
same direction as the stair/ladder, you can change each of these joints
from a torus to a cylinder, as illustrated in the following diagram:
Circular torus
handrail joint
Cylinder
handrail joint
Exercise continues:
145.
146.
9-7
9-8
A-1
Appendix A
Level 2 or 3
(basic shape)
Level 4 or 5
(soft volume,
inc. headroom)
Level 6 or 7
(fully detailed)
A-2
Appendix A
Level 2 or 3
(basic shape)
Level 4 or 5
(soft volume,
inc. headroom)
Level 6 or 7
(fully detailed)
Figure A.2 Drawing levels for a circular (round) platform with a central
hole and inner rail
A-3
Appendix A
Level 2 or 3
(basic shape)
Level 4 or 5
(soft volume,
inc. headroom)
Level 6 or 7
(fully detailed)
A-4
Appendix A
Level 2 or 3
(basic shape)
Level 4
Level 5
Level 6 or 7
(fully detailed)
A-5
Appendix A
A-6
Other Documentation
This guide serves purely as an introduction to those parts of PDMS most
relevant to the accessways, stairs and ladders application of structural
design. Therefore, it describes only the main concepts needed to get you
started.
Documents that can provide you with further information are listed
below.
B.1
B.2
B-1
Appendix B
which can be used to control PDMS directly (should you wish to bypass
the forms and menus interface).
Reference manuals particularly relevant to structural design work
include:
B.3
General guides
The following guides are intended for use only by experienced PDMS
users who want to write their own applications:
B-2
Index
3D view, 3-8
Alert Forms, 3-5
Application
definition, 2-1
Attribute
definition, 3-10
Buttons, 3-5
Check boxes, 3-4
Current element
definition, 3-10
Database hierarchy, 3-9
Design Explorer, 3-8
Drop-down lists, 3-3
Element
definition, 3-10
F1 Key, 3-9
Forms, 3-2
Framework (FRMW)
definition, 3-9
Graphical view, 3-8
Help, 3-8
Logging In, 3-5
Member
definition, 3-10
Menu bar, 3-8
Menus, 3-2
Module
definition, 2-1
Mouse, 3-1
On-line help, 3-8
Option buttons, 3-4
Accessways, Stairs and Ladders Application User Guide
Version 11.6SP1
Index-i
Appendix B
Owner
definition, 3-10
PDMS, 2-1
Radio buttons, 3-4
Representation, 3-11
Scrollable lists, 3-4
Site
definition, 3-9
Status bar, 3-8
Structure (STRU)
definition, 3-9
Subframework (SBFR)
definition, 3-9
Text boxes, 3-3
Title bar, 3-8
Tool bar, 3-8
Tutorial Exercise
Conventions, 1-1
Start, 3-5
View
3D/graphical, 3-8
World
definition, 3-9
Zone
definition, 3-9
Index-ii