Supernovae

and
Superluminous Supernovae
So, what is supernova?

How Do We Classify Supernovae?

Type Ia
A white dwarf reaches Chandrasekhar limit (~1.44 )

Type Ia
A white dwarf reaches Chandrasekhar limit (~1.44 )
-> the electron degeneracy pressure can no longer withstand the
gravitational pressure

Type Ia
A white dwarf reaches Chandrasekhar limit (~1.44 )
-> the electron degeneracy pressure can no longer withstand the
gravitational pressure
-> the WD collapse and the star explode leaving no remnant behind.

Core Collapse
There is no more nuclear fusion in the core

Core Collapse
There is no more nuclear fusion in the core
-> no radiation pressure to resist the gravitational pressure

Core Collapse
There is no more nuclear fusion in the core
-> no radiation pressure to resist the gravitational pressure
-> the core collapse
This process emits large amount of energy in the form of photons,
neutrinos and kinetic energy of the outer layers of the star.

Superluminous Supernovae

Superluminous Supernovae
Pair-instability:
two photons colliding turn into electron + positron

Superluminous Supernovae
Pair-instability:
two photons colliding turn into electron + positron
-> great reduce in the outward pressure

Superluminous Supernovae
Pair-instability:
two photons colliding turn into electron + positron
-> great reduce in the outward pressure
-> the core collapse

Superluminous Supernovae
Pair-instability:
two photons colliding turn into electron + positron
-> great reduce in the outward pressure
-> the core collapse
-> the star explode

Superluminous Supernovae
So why is it luminous so strongly?
The isotope nickel 56 is formed in the process
A shockwave hit the stellar wind remnant

The Importance of SNe

Create heavy elements (even heavier than iron) and spread them in
the galaxy
Secondary standard candles

Thanks for listening