1

2
2.1
) :
)
)
) .
( 9)
) .
.
( 4)
2.2
) :
) .
) .
( 2)

( 4)
)
:
) C3C + Na2CO3
) CH3CH2 + Na
( 6)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
) C8H18 1,14 g
. ( L, STP) CO2 .
( 10)
) 0,112 L STP,
CH4 CO2. ,
0,108 g. N % v/v
CH4 CO2.
( 15)
: Ar(H)=1, Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16.

2
2.1.
) :
) C3CH2OH CH3OCH3 .
) .
( 2)
.
( 4)
) , :
(CO), (CxHy) (NO, NO2).

( ).
( 7)
2.2.
A)
C3H6O.
( 6)
)
:
) HCCH + 2Na
) CH3CH=CH2 + HCl ( )
( 6)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4

:
) CH2=CH2 ,Cl2(g),
3,96 g .
L ( STP) .
( 13)
) 2,8 g CH2=CH2 , 2(l),
2SO4 , .
( g) .
( 12)
r ()=1, r (C)=12, r ()=16, r (Cl)=35,5

2
2.1. :
) 2 2-.
) .
) (CO)
.
) , Br2, ,
.
( 4)
.
( 8)
2.2.
A)
C4H8.
( 9)
)
:
) CH3COOH + Mg
) CH2=CH2 + HCl
( 4)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
( ) 6
, (Mr) 42
Br2.
) .
( 10)
) 10,5 g
. :
i) ( g) 2 ,
ii) mol ,
iii) CO2 ( L) STP.
( 5+5+5)
r (C)=12, r ()=16, r ()=1

2
2.1. , ,
, , 1,3- ..
) :
i) ,
ii)
iii) 1,3-.
( 6)
) :
i)
ii) , Cl2,
( 6)
2.2.
) :
) , ,
) ,
) , .
( 9)
)
:
C4H9OH
( 1+3)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
) 12 g
2,24 L ( STP) 2.
.
( 13)
) 0,2 mol
C4H9OH H2SO4 170o C
Br2
. ( g) .
( 12)
r (H)=1, r (C)=12, r ()=16.

2
2.1.
:
) CCH + 2Cl2
) CH3CH=CH2 + HCl ( )
) CCH + 2Br ( )
) CH3CH2 + Na
( 12)
2.2.
A)
1- : i) , ii)
( 6)

.
( 3)
)
.

( 4)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
) 4,48 L ( STP), 2 (g),
9,2 g .

( 12)
) CH3CH2CH2OH 6,0 g
. ( mol) NaOH
.
( 13)
r(H)=1, r (C)=12, r ()=16.

2
2.1.
) :
) C3COH CH3CH2COOH .
)
( ..) .
( 2)
.
( 4)
)
C3H6.
.
( 7)
2.2.
:
) CH3CH2

H2SO4
o
170 C

) CH3CH=CH2 + HCl ( )
) CCH + 2Cl ( )
) CH4 + O2 ( )
( 12)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
) 4,48 L ( STP) CH2=CH2, 2,
.
, g, .
( 12)
) 4,6 g , 2.
i) mol ii) ( g)
.
( 13)
r (H)=1, r (C)=12, r ()=16.

2
2.1
) :
) ,
) ,
) .
( 9)
) :
i) 1,2,3-
ii) 2-
( 4)
2.2
:
) CCH + 2Br2
) CH3CH=CH2 + H2O ( )
) CH3COOH + NaOH
) CH3CH2 + Na
( 12)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
: CH3CH3, CH2=CH2 CHCH.
mol CHCH CH3CH3, 4,48 L (
STP). , Br2,
.
) ( mol) Br2
( g).
( 8)
) ,
.
( L) STP.
( 10)
) 4,48 L CH2=CH2
. ( mol) .
( 7)
r(H)=1, r (C)=12, r ()=16, r (Br)=80.

2
2.1.
) ,

, 1-.
( 6)
) :
i) ,
ii)
iii) 4--2-
( 6)
2.2.
A)
.
( 1)

( 3)
)
) C2H2 + O2 ( )
) CH2=CH2 + Cl2
) CH3COOH + Na2CO3
( 9)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
) 12 g,
2,24 L ( STP).
.
( 13)
) 0,2 mol ,
H2SO4 170o C, ,
Br2 .
.
( 12)
r(H)=1, r (C)=12, r ()=16.

2
2.1 :
) C3H6O .
) CH3C .
) .
)
( 4)
.
( 8)
2.2
A)
C3H7.
, .
( 8)
) :
) CH3CH=CH2 + H2O ( )

) CH3C + CH3CH2
( 2+3)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
0,4 mol .
) 17,6 g CO2.
.
( 13)
) 2, STP,
.
( 12)
: Ar(H)=1, Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=1

10

2
2.1. :
) Cl 2-.
) .
) 2- .
) .
( 4)
.
( 8)
2.2.
A)
C4H8.
( 9)
)
:
) CH3CH2COOH + Na2CO3
) CH2=CH2 + HCl
( 4)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
0,3 mol .
) 0,1 mol 8,8 g CO2.
.
( 10)
) 2, STP,
0,1 mol .
( 7)
) ( g) Br2 0,1 mol
.
( 8)
: Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16, Ar(Br)=80.

10

11

2
2.1.
) ,

.
( 1+6)
) : i) , ii) , iii) CH4
CO2.

)
.

) ..
) ..
.
( 6)
2.2.
:
) CCH + 2Na
) CH3CH2CH=CH2 + H2O ( )
) CCH + 2Cl2
+

) CH3COOH + CH3OH
( 12)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
) 0,2 mol
H2SO4 170o C 8,4 g
.
Br2 .
A .
( 13)
) 24 g C3H7OH,
2 .
.
( 12)
r(H)=1, r (C)=12, r ()=16.

11

12

2
2.1 :
) C2H6O .
) CH3C=O .
) .
)
( 4)
.
( 8)
2.2
A)
C3H6
( 6)
)
) HCCH + H2O

Hg/HgSO4
H2SO4

( )

) CH3C + CH3CH2
( 4+3)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

:
) 4,48 L ( STP), 2 (g),
12 g .
.
( 12)
) CH3CH2OH 0,92 g Na.
( mol) .
( 13)
r(H)=1, r (C)=12, r ()=16.

12

13

2
2.1. :
C ,

CH2 =CH-COOH,

C3-C=,

CH2=CH-CH2-CH2 OH

) .
) .
) .
( 12)

2.2 (-):
) CH2=CH2 + HCl
) CHCH + H2O
) C3-CCH + H2

H2SO4, HgSO4

( )
( )

) CH2=CH2 + r2
( 3+4+3+3)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
() ()

) .
) 0,2 mol
(O2). g H2O
CO2 STP.
) L (H2), STP,
0,2 mol
(Na).
( 4+12+9)
: Ar (C)=12, Ar (H)=1, Ar (O)=16

13

14

2
2.1 :
CH3-CH2OH,

CH2=CH2 ,

C=,

) .
)
2 .
( 4+8)
2.2. (-):
) CH3-OH + Na
) CH2=CH2 + H2O

H+

) CH3-C + Ca
) CH3CH2OH + O2
( 3+3+4+3)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
0,2 mol 12 g
) .
) L (H2), STP,
0,4 mol
(g).
) 0,1 mol Na2CO3
. g
CO2 STP.
( 4+10+11)
: Ar (C)=12, Ar (H)=1, Ar (O)=16, Ar (a)=23

14

15

2
2.1.
)

.
( 4)
)
.
. 3-

. 1--4-

. 4,4-
( 9)

2.2 :
) CH3-CH2- + Na
) CH3-CH=CH2 + HBr

( )

) HCCH + Cl2

( )

) C + Ca
( 12)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
C2-2 13,5 g
5,6 L STP.
) .

( 9)

) L (H2), STP,
0,25 mol .
( 6)
) 0,2 mol
(O2). g H2O
CO2 STP.
( 10)
: Ar (C)=12, Ar (H)=1, Ar (O)=16

15

16

2
2.1.
:
) () 4
.
) ()
.
) ()
.
( 4+4+5)
2.2 () ():
)

) C3-CH2-COOH a.
) .
( 3)
.

( 9)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
3 ,
,
0,5 mol 29 g.
) 14,8 g Na2CO3.
STP .
( 10)
) .

( 8)

) 11,6 g 2.
( L STP ),
.
( 7)
: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(C)=12

16

17

2
2.1
:
) (A) 4
.
) ()
, .
) 1 ().
( 4+4+5)

2.2 () ():
) .
) 1- .
) 2- .
( 3)
.

( 9)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
) 12 g
(Na2CO3). ( L STP) .
( 10)
)
(), () ,
Mr=102. ()
() ().
( 15)
: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(C)=12

17

18

2
2.1. ,
:
.
.

CHCH + 2H2
+ Cl ( )

CH3-CH2-OH + Na
( 12)

2.2. () ():
)

) CH3-CH2-CH2-OH .
) H-COOH Na2CO3.
( 3)
.

( 3+3+4)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
: 2
,
.
) 12 g Mg. mol
, ( L STP)
.
( 12)
) 12 g
, 2,24 L STP.
. ( 13)
: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(C)=12

18

19

2
2.1.
. :
) 2-
)
) 2,3-
)
( 8)
.
) )
( 2+3)

2.2.
. ;
)CH3-OH

)CH3-COOH

)CH3-CH=CH2

)C3-C=

. ;
.

( 8)
( 1)
( 3)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
H 4 .
. 29 g 11,2 L STP.
) 11,2 g .
mol .
( 8)
) .

( 9)

) g
(29 g) .
( 8)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16

19

20

2
2.1. ,
:
) CH3-CH=CH2 + H2O
) CH3COOH + NaOH
) CHCH + H-CN
) CH3-CH2-CH2-OH + Na
( 12)
2.2. () ():
.
. .
. .
( 3)
.

( 3+3+4)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
21 g () .
) 11,2 L ,
STP, .
.
( 13)
) .
Mr= 56.000.
.
( 12)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1

20

21

2
2.1. :

) .

( 5)

) ,
.
i) 3) .
ii) 5) .
( 2)
.

( 2+3)

2.2. :
1) 2-

2) 2--1-

3)

) .

( 6)

) ,
() ().
i) 2) CvH2v+2.
ii) 2) .
( 2)
.

( 2+3)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
4,6 g 6 g 1-.
) ,
. ( L STP)
.
( 12)
)
. , g, .
( 13)
: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(C)=12

21

22

2
2.1. :
) (A) 3
Br2 CCl4.
) C3H6O () ,
.
) C3H8O ()
.
( 3)
.

( 3+3+4)

2.2. () () :
)

)
C3H7COOH.
)

( 3)
.

( 9)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
. 4,48 L STP .
. 10,4 g (CHCH)
) 18 g 2.
.
( 13)
) ,
, . mol
.
( 12)
Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16

22

23

2
2.1 :
)

CHCH + 2Na

CH3-CH2-COOH + CaO
( 12)

2.2. () () :
) CH3-CH=CH2 CH3-CH2-CH=CH2 .
) .
) 2-
( 3)
.

( 3+3+4)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
C4H8, ,
2 .
) L, 2 10 L
.
( 7)
) 20 L 2,
, .
2.
( 8)
) .

( 10)

23

24

2
2.1.
.
C4H9OH.
( 8)
. ,
.
( 4)

2.2 () () :
) C2H4O .
) CH3-CH2-OH 130-140C, H2SO4,
CH3-O-CH3
) NaOH.
( 3)
.

( 3+4+3)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
,
4 .
) 8,4 g ,
,
. g
.
( 12)
) i) .

( 7)

ii) 8 g
, ,
.
STP.
( 6)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16

24

25

2
2.1 :
) C4H8 () HCl .
) C2H6O () 2.
) C3H6O2 () a2CO3 CO2.
( 3)
.

( 3+3+4)

2.2. () () :
)

) C3H6 Br2.
) .
( 3)
.

( 9)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
1-,
(Mr) 44.
) ( g) CO2
10,8 g .
( 8)
) .

( 8)

) , STP,
0,2 mol . ( : 20% v/v 2) .
( 9)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16

25

26

2
2.1 :
CH3C,

CH2 =CH-COOH,

C3-CH2-C=,

CH2=CH-CH2OH

) .
) .
) .
( 12)
2.2 (-):
) CH3-CH2-OH + Na
) CH3C + NaOH
) C3-CCH + r2
) CH3-CH2-OH

( )
H 2 SO4 ,170 C

( 3+3+3+4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
() ()
.
) .

( 5)

) 0,5 mol Na
. g .
( 8)
) 0,4 mol Na2CO3
. g
CO2 STP.
( 12)
: Ar (C)=12, Ar (H)=1, Ar (O)=16, Ar (a)=23

26

27

2
2.1 C3H7OH,

.
( 12)
2.2 (-):
) C + NaOH
) CH3-CH=CH2 + H2O

( )

) CH2=CH2 + r2
) C3-CCH + HCl

( )
( 3+3+3+4)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
3 mol 222 g.
) .

( 10)

) 0,5 mol
(O2). g H2O
CO2 STP.
( 15)
: Ar (C)=12, Ar (H)=1, Ar (O)=16

27

28

2
2.1.
) :
. 2-
. 2-
. 2-
.
( 8)
) ,
;
( 5)
2.2. :
) CH3-CH2=CH2 + Cl2
) CH CH + H2 O

2
4,
4

( )

H SO HgSO

) CH3-C + CH3-CH2-OH

) HC + Mg
( 12)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
4,2 g C2
2,24 L STP.
) .
( 8)
) L (HCl), STP,
0,4 mol
.
( 6)
) 0,5 mol
(O2). g H2O
CO2 STP.
( 11)
: Ar (C)=12, Ar (H)=1, Ar (O)=16

28

29

2
2.1.
)
: ) C3H8 , ) C3H6 ) C3H7 .
( 6)
) Br2
.
( 2)

( 3+2)
2.2. :
. CH3CH2OH +

[O]

+ [O]

..

..

+
. CH3COOH

CH3CH2OH

. CH3CH2OH + Na
( 6+3+3)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
10 L 20 L CO2
.
. ;

( 8)

. ( L)
.
( 8)
. 0,1 mol r2 CCl4,
. g .
( 9)
Ar (C)= 12, Ar (H)= 1, Ar (Br)= 80

29

30

2
2.1.
)
: ) C4H8 , ) C3H8 ) C4H9 .
( 6)
)
C4H9
( 4+3)

2.2. :
. CH3CH2OH +

[O]

+ [O]

. CH CH + 2H2
. CH3CH2OH + Na
( 6+4+3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
) 10 L 25 L
. .. .
( 10)
) 8,4 g .
.
( 7)
) 0,1 mol .
g
( 8)

Ar (C)= 12, Ar (H)= 1, Ar (O)= 16

30

31

2
2.1.
)
: ) C2H4 , ) C3H8 ) C4H9 .
( 6)
) C4H9
) )
( 4+2)

2.2. :
. CH3CH2OH + 2 [O]
. CH CH

+ 2H2

. CH3CH2OH

H2SO4/170 C

. CH2=CH2 + 2
( 4+3+3+3)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
10 L C2H4 10 L C2H6.
. ( L) 5 L C2H6.
( 8)
. ( 20% v/v 2)
5 L C2H4 .
( 8)
. 0,2 mol
H2SO4 ,
.
( 9)
.
:

Ar (O)= 16,

Ar (C)= 12, Ar ()= 1

31

32

2
2.1.
)
: ) C4H6 , ) C4H10 ) C4H9 .
( 6)
)
C4H9
.
( 4+2)

2.2. :
)
)
) (C6H12O6)
( 4+4+5)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
) 20 L 50 L
. .. .
( 10)
) 0,5 mol .
g .
( 8)
) 16,8 g .
.
( 7)

Ar (C)= 12, Ar (H)= 1, Ar (O)= 16

32

33

2
2.1.
) : )
, ) )
.
( 6)
) :
)

) 1- ) 2-
( 6)

2.2. ( ):
. CH3C

+ NaOH

. + H2O

. CH2=CH2 + Br2
. CH3CH2O +Na
( 3+4+3+3)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
1-.
. mol 9,2 g ;

( 9)

. ( L) STP 23 g .
( 8)
. 0,1 mol 1- Na.
.
( 8)
Ar (C)= 12, Ar (H)= 1, Ar ()= 16

33

34

2
2.1.
) : )
, ) )
.
( 6)
) :
)

) 2-

) 1-
( 6)

2.2. ( ):
. CH3CH2OH + a
. CH3CH2OH

[O]

[O]

. CH3COH +Na2CO3
( 3+6+4)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
10 L 20 L
(CO2) .
. ;

( 8)

. 10 L .
, .
( 8)
. 0,1 mol HCl.
.
( 9)
Ar (C)= 12, Ar (H)= 1, Ar (Cl)= 35,5

34

35

2
2.1.
) : )
, ) )
.
( 6)
) :
) 1-

) 2-

) 3-
( 6)

2.2.

:
)
)
) .. + H2O

CH3CH2OH
( 5+4+4)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
10 L 30 L CO2
.
. ;

( 8)

. H2SO4 ,
30 g .
g .
( 9)
. mol 2 0,2 mol
.
( 8)
Ar (C)= 12, Ar (H)= 1, Ar (O)= 16

35

36

2
2.1. : ) C4H10 ) C3H7OH.
)
.
( 4)
)
.
( 8)

2.2. ) , ) , )
(Br2) ;
( 4)
,
.
( 9)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
10 L 20 L
(CO2) .
. ;

( 8)

. 10 L .
, .
( 8)
.
( ) 12 g.
,
mol .
( 9)
Ar (C)= 12, Ar (H)= 1, Ar (O)= 16

36

37

2
2.1.
)
: ) C3H8 ) C36.
( 4)
) r;

( 2)

, .
.
( 3+2+2)
2.2. ( ):
. CH3CH2OH + a
. CH3CH2OH + []

. CH3COH + Na
. CH2=CH2 + 2
( 12)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
7,4 g ()
8,96 L CO2 STP.
. .. ();

( 9)

. () ,
.
( 8)
. ()
.
( 8)
Ar(C)=12, Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16

37

38

2O
2.1 :
) :
) , ) .
( 6)
)
C4H6.
( 6)
2.2 :
) CH3CH2 + Na
) CH2=CHCH3 + H2O ( )
) HCCH + H2O ( )
) + 2 ( )
( 3+3+3+4)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
69 g 0,5 mol
.
) , 0,5 mol
, H2SO4 170 C, 21 g .
( 10)
) ( L,STP)
Na;
( 15)
r (H)=1, r (C)=12 ,r (O)=16

38

39

2O
2.1. CH3CH2CH2CH=O (). N :
) .
( 4)
) .
( 3)
)
.
( 6)
2.2. , .
) (Na2CO3) CO2.
) ,
Br2 CCl4.
) , H2SO4 170 C, .
( 3)
.
( 9)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
) ( mol) , 32 g
Br2 ;
( 8)
) 13,8 g CH3CH2OH, 170C.
( mol) .
( 10)
) ( L, STP) 0,2
mol Na;
( 7)
r (H)=1, r (C)=12, r (Br)=80 ,r (O)=16

39

40

2O
2.1
)
C4H9OH , .
( 6)
) : aOH, Br2 CCl4, KMnO4.
,
.
( 7)

2.2 , .
) .
) (CFCs)
.
) Na2CO3 .
( 3)
.
( 9)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
84 g 28 g .
) 84 g , ,
2 mol .
.
( 13)
) 2, L ( STP )
.
( 12)
r (H)=1, r (C)=12, r ()=16

40

41

2
2.1.
, , , l Nino
,
.
)
.
( 6)
)
.
( 6)

2.2. ( ):
2
4

) CH3CH2OH
170o C

H SO

) CH3CH=CH2 + H2O

( )

) CH3 COOH + a
( 9)
).
( 4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------

4
84 g C3H6
( 20 % v/v 2 80 % v/v 2) .
) mol
.
( 13)
) C3H6 Br2 CCl4 8 % w/v
. ( mL) Br2
.
( 12)
: Ar(H)=1, Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16 , Ar(Br)=80.

41

42

2
2.1. ) :
i.
CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3
ii.
CH3 -CH2CCH
iii.
CH3 CH2 COOH
iv.
CH3-CH=O
v.
CH3 CH= CH CH3
( 5)
) C4H9OH .
) .
( 4)
) .
.
( 4)
2.2. () ()
:
) .
) CH3COOH Na2CO3 .
)
.
( 3)
.
( 9)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
5,6 g C2H4
CH4, 2
11,2 L CO2 ( STP).
) mol CH4 .
( 13)
) C2H4
84000. .
( 12)
: Ar(H)=1, Ar(C)=12.

42

43

2
2.1.
, , , l Nino
,
.
)
.
( 6)
) .
( 6)

2.2. ( ):
) CH CH + 22

( )

) CH3CH=CH2 + HBr

( )

) CH3 CH2COOH + a
( 9)
).
( 4)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4

8,4 g C2H4 C2H6, 2
22,4 L CO2 ( STP).
) mol C2H6 .
( 13)
) C2H4
56000. .
( 12)
: Ar(H)=1, Ar(C)=12.

43

44

2
2.1. ) ,
.
:
i. Br2 CCl4 .
ii. .
: ) C2H6 ) C2H4 ) C2H2.
.

( 1)

( 6)

) :

CH2O
C5H10
C2H5Cl

( 6)
2.2. ) :
2- ()
()

1- ()
()

, , .
( 8)
)
CH3CH2CH2 CH3CH=CH2.
( 4)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
5 mL C2H4 C3H8.
55 mL CO2.
) ( mL) C3H8.

( 13)

) .
( 12)
.
20 % v/v 2 80 % v/v 2.

44

45

2
2.1. ) ,
.
:
i. Br2 CCl4 .
ii. .
: ) C2H4 ) C3H8 ) C2H2.
.

( 1)

( 6)

) :

CH4O
C5H12
C4H9Cl

( 6)
2.2. ) :
1- ()
()

2- ()
()

, , .
( 8)
)
CH3CH2 CH2=CH2.
( 4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
) 9,2 g CH3CH2OH 170C
H2SO4. ( L) STP, .
( 10)
) , Na 14,8 g
2,24 L STP.

.
( 15)

: Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16, Ar()=1.

45

46

2
2.1. : (3)
(), To

10 km ().
) (
).
( 6)
) .

( 6)

2.2. : C4H9O.
)
.
( 8)
) KMnO4 2SO4
.
; .
( 5)
-----------------------------------------------------------------

4
) 2
8 L 6 L CO2 .
( L).
( 10+5)
.
) 0,1 mol C3H4
Br2 CCl4 8 % w/v . (
mL) Br2 .
( 10)
: Ar(Br)=80.

46

47

2
2.1. : (3)
(), To

10 km ().
)
;
( 6)
) .

( 6)

2.2. : C4H9O.
)
.
( 8)
) KMnO4 2SO4
.
; .
( 5)
-----------------------------------------------------------------

4
M r=60
2 mol ,
. 0,2 mol 1700C, H2SO4,
.
:
) , .
( 13)
) ( g) .
( 12)
: Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16, Ar()=1.

47

48

2
2.1.
) : -2-
1-.
( 4)
)
.
( 9)
2.2.
) :
1- ()
()
2- ()
()
, , .
( 8)
)
CH3CH2 CH2=CH2.
( 4)
-----------------------------------------------------------------

4
A : x mol C2H4
.
) x mol C2H4 Br2 CCl4 18,8 g
. x.
( 10)
)
0,6mol 2 17,6 g CO2.
.
( 15)
: Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16, Ar()=1, Ar(Br)=80.

48

49

2
2.1.
) : -1-
2-.
( 4)
)
.
( 9)
2.2.
) :
()
()
()
1- ()
, , .
( 8)
)
CH3CH2 CH3CH2Na.
( 4)
-----------------------------------------------------------------

4
8,96 L ( STP ), CH4 CO2,
. 10,8 g 2.
:
) ( L) STP .
( 15)
) ( L) ( 20 % v/v 2) STP
CH4.
( 10)
: Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16.

49

50

2
2.1 ) :
) a .
( 4)
) , .
( 4)
) ()
( )
().
()
()
. C4H10
.
. C8H18
. C22H46
.
. C5H12
. C10H22
. .
( 5)
2.2 : CH2=CH2 (A) CHCH (B).
() () :
) CH3CH=O.
) .
) Na.
( 3)
,
.
( 9)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
CH3COOH
Mr=102.
) .
( 7)
) :
i) , .
( 9)
ii) ( L) , STP ,
0,1 mol Na.
( 9)
: Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16, Ar()=1.

50

51

2
2.1 ) :
) a .
( 4)
) , .
( 4)
) ()
( )
().
()
()
. C4H8
.
. C8H18
. C20H42
.
. C7H14
. C10H22
. .
( 5)
2.2 : CH2=CH2 (A) CHCH (B).
() () :
) CH3CH3.
) .
) Na.
( 3)
,
.
( 9)

4
r=74
.
)
.
( 13)
) 0,2mol .
L ( STP).
( 12)
20 % v/v 2 80 % v/v 2.
: Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16, Ar()=1.

51

52

2
2.1. ) :
i) CH3 -CCH , ii) CH3 OH , iii) CH3-CH2Cl , iv) CH3 CH2CH=O
( 4)
) ( ):
CCH + 2a
CH2 = CH2 ()
CH3CH=CH2 + Cl2
( 9)
2.2. : CH2=CH2 (A) CH3CH2OH (B).
() () :
) .
) .
) Na.
( 3)
,
.
( 9)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4

r=72.
)
.
( 13)
) 2 mol .
L ( STP).
( 12)
20 % v/v 2 80 % v/v 2.
: Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16, Ar()=1.

52

53

2
2.1. : i) C20H40 ii) C3H7 iii) C8H18
)
.
( 6)
) / ;
.
( 4)
)
.
( 3)
2.2.
) ( ):
) CH3OH + CH3COOH

( )

) CH3OH + a
( 6)
) ()
, .
.
( 6)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

4
5,6 L ( STP ), CH4 CO2,
. 7,2 g 2.
:
) ( L) STP .
( 15)
) ( L) ( 20 % v/v 2) STP
CH4.
( 10)
: Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16.

53

54

2
2.1. ) :
) CH3CH=CH2
) Na CH3OH
) CH4.
( 9)
) :

C36

C5H12
( 4)
2.2. () ()
:
) .
) CH3COOH .
) , .
( 3)
.
( 9)
-------------------------------------------------------------

4

:
i) A 0,5 mol
.
ii) 2 mol 1700C, H2SO4,
r=42.
:
) , .
( 13)
) ( g) .
( 12)
: Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16, Ar()=1.

54

55

2
2.1. A) :
i) 2-
ii) 2-
iii)
( 6)
) ( ):
+ 2
( )
CH3CH2CH2OH + CH3COOH
( )

( 7)
2.2 : CH2=CH2 (A) CHCH (B).
() () :
) CH3CH=O.
) .
) Na.
( 3)
,
.
( 9)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
) 4,6 g CH3CH2OH 170C
H2SO4. ( L) STP, .
( 10)
) , Na 12 g
2,24 L STP.

.
( 15)

: Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16, Ar()=1.

55

56

2
2.1.
:
) () 4
.
) ()
.
) ()
.
( 4+4+5)
2.2 () ():
)

) C3-CH2-COOH a.
) .
( 3)
.

( 9)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
1-,
(Mr) 44.
) ( g) CO2
10,8 g .
( 8)
) .

( 8)

) , STP,
0,2 mol . ( : 20% v/v 2) .
( 9)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16

56

57

2
2.1
:
) (A) 4
.
) ()
, .
) 1 ().
( 4+4+5)

2.2 () ():
) .
) 1- .
) 2- .
( 3)
.

( 9)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
,
4 .
) 8,4 g ,
,
. g
.
( 12)
) i) .

( 7)

ii) 8 g
, ,
.
STP.
( 6)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16

57

58

2
2.1. ,
:
.
.

CHCH + 2H2

+ Cl ( )

. CH3-CH2-OH + Na
( 12)

2.2. () ():
)

) CH3-CH2-CH2-OH .
) H-COOH Na2CO3.
( 3)
.

( 3+3+4)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
C4H8, ,
2 .
) L, 2 10 L
.
( 7)
) 20 L 2,
, .
2.
( 8)
) .

( 10)

58

59

2
2.1.
. :
) 2-
)
) 2,3-
)
( 8)
.
) )
( 2+3)

2.2.
. ;
)CH3-OH

)CH3-COOH

)CH3-CH=CH2

)C3-C=

. ;
.

( 8)
( 1)
( 3)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
. 4,48 L STP .
. 10,4 g (CHCH)
) 18 g 2.
.
( 13)
) ,
, . mol
.
( 12)
Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16

59

60

2
2.1. ,
:
) CH3-CH=CH2 + H2O
) CH3COOH + NaOH
) CHCH + H-CN
) CH3-CH2-CH2-OH + Na
( 12)

2.2. () ():
.
. .
. .
( 3)
.

( 3+3+4)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
4,6 g 6 g 1-.
) ,
. ( L STP)
.
( 12)
)
. , g, .
( 13)
: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(C)=12

60

61

2
2.1. :

) .

( 5)

) ,
.
i) 3) .
ii) 5) .
( 2)
.

( 2+3)

2.2. :
1) 2-

2) 2--1-

3)

) .
( 6)
) ,
() ().
i) 2) CvH2v+2.
ii) 2) .
( 2)
.

( 2+3)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
21 g () .
) 11,2 L ,
STP, .
.
( 13)
) .
Mr= 56.000.
.
( 12)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1

61

62

2
2.1 :
) C4H8 () HCl .
) C2H6O () 2.
) C3H6O2 () a2CO3 CO2.
( 3)
.

( 3,3,4)

2.2. () () :
)

) C3H6 Br2.
) .
( 3)
.

( 9)

----------------------------------------------------------------- 4
:
3 ,
,
0,5 mol 29 g.
) 14,8 g Na2CO3.
STP .
( 10)
) .

( 8)

) 11,6 g 2.
( L STP ),
.
( 7)
: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(C)=12

62

63

2
2.1.
.
C4H9OH.
( 8)
. ,
.
( 4)

2.2 () () :
) C2H4O .
) CH3-CH2-OH 130-140C, H2SO4,
CH3-O-CH3
) NaOH.
( 3)
.

( 3+4+3)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
) 12 g
(Na2CO3). ( L STP) .
( 10)
)
(), () ,
Mr=102. ()
() ().
( 15)
: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(C)=12

63

64

2
2.1 :
)

CHCH + 2Na

CH3-CH2-COOH + CaO
( 12)

2.2. () () :
) CH3-CH=CH2 CH3-CH2-CH=CH2 .
) .
) 2-
( 3)
.

( 3+3+4)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
: 2
,
.
) 12 g Mg. mol
, ( L STP)
.
( 12)
) 12 g
, 2,24 L STP.
B. ( 13)
: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(C)=12

64

65

2
2.1. :
) (A) 3
Br2 CCl4.
) C3H6O () ,
.
) C3H8O ()
.
( 3)
.

( 3+3+4)

2.2. () () :
)

)
C3H7COOH.
)

( 3)
.

( 9)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
H 4 .
. 29 g 11,2 L STP.
) 11,2 g .
mol .
( 8)
) .

( 9)

) g
(29 g) .
( 8)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16

65

66

2
2.1. C4H8.
)
.
( 9)
) i)
ii) .
( 4)
2.2.
) ,
.
( 6)
)
.
( 6)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
H C2+1. 10 g 11,2
L CO2 STP.
) .
( 12)
) .
.
( 5)
) g (a)
7,4 g ;
( 8)
: Ar(Na)=23, Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16 Ar(H)=1.

66

67

2
2.1. IUPAC :
) CH3-CH3,
) CH3-CH2-CH=CH2,
) CH3

CH2 ,

CH3

) CH3-CCH,

) CH3-CH2-COOH,

) CH3

CH2

CH2 CH

CH3

OH
( 12)
2.2 :
) CH3-CH=CH2

+ H2

) CH3-CH=CH2

+ Br2

) CH3-CH=CH2

+ Br

+ 2Na

( 3+3+3+4)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
) 11,2 g 0,4 g 2
. .
( 10)
) L (O2) STP
;
( 7)
)
, .
.
( 8)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1.

67

68

2
2.1. .
.
) C12H24
.
) o .
) .
) 1,2.
( 12)
2.2 C3H7OH
, ,
.
) , .
( 7)
) .
( 6)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
36 g . 1
NaOH 10% w/v. 2
Na2CO3 .
) NaOH
1 .
( 10)
) ( STP)
.
( 10+5)
: Ar(C)=12, Ar(H)=1, Ar(a)=23, Ar(O)=16.

68

69

2
2.1.
) () ():
i) C10H20
.
ii) .
iii) .
iv) 2-.
( 4)
) .
( 8)
2.2. H C4H9O.
) ,
,
.
( 6)
)
.
.
( 2+3+2)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
) 4,4 g 13,2 g CO2.
i) .
( 10)
ii) , STP,
.
( 5)
) L , STP,
5,2 g C2H2.
( 10)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar()= 16.

69

70

2
2.1.
) () ():
H2C
CH2
i)

CH2

H2C

ii) C3-CH2-CH2-OH C3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH

.
iii) H C2=CH-CH3 2 .
( 3)
) .
( 9)
2.2.
C4H8O.
)
.
( 6+3)
)
Fehling Tollens;
( 4)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
) 29,6 g
Na, 4,48 L 2 STP.
.
( 15)
) 29,6 g
. .
( 10)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16.

70

71

2
2.1.
) () ().
i) 1- 2- .
ii) Cl 2-.
iii)
.
Br2.
( 3)
) .
( 3+4+3)
2.2.
C4H10O , .
( 8+4)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
24 g
. T 1 26,4 g CO2. 2
.
)
.
(9+6 )
) ( g)
.
(5+5 )
: Ar(C)=12, Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16.

71

72

O
2.1 :
) CH3 CH2 C OH .
) CH3-CH2-CH=O .
)
.
) C4H8 + 42 4CO+ 4H2O .
( 12)
2.2 .

i)

CH3

CH

CH3 ,

CH3

CH2

CH2

OH

OH

ii)

CH3

CH

CH3 , CH3

CH2

CH2

CH3

CH3

iii)

CH3

CH2

CH2

OH ,

CH3

CH2

CH3

) .
( 9)
)
.
( 4)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
24 g . 1
2,24 L ( STP). 2

H2SO4,
Mr =116.
) .
( 9+9)
) ( g) .
( 7)
: Ar(C)=12, Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16.

72

73

2
2.1.
) , ,
(Rh).
;
( 7)
)
.
( 6)
2.2 :

CH3CH2COOH + CH3OH

H+

................... + ...................

CH3COOH + NaOH

................... + ...................

CH3COOH + CaO

................... + ...................

CH3COOH + NaHCO3

................... + ................. + CO2

( 12)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
C22 .
) 0,4 g 2,
(Pd). mol .
( 10)
) 13,44 L C2,
STP. .
( 15)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16.

73

74

2
2.1. :
i) , ii) , iii) , iv) 1-, v) 1,3
) .
( 8)
) .
.
( 4)
2.2.
) , 2 2--2-, () ();
i) .
ii)
.
iii) 2- .
( 3)
) .
( 3+4+3)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
) 11,2 g 32 g (Br2).
.
( 10)
) 4,48 L (STP) 112 L
STP. .
( 15)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(Br)= 80
20 % v/v .

74

75

2
2.1.
.
)
;
;
( 1+6)
)
;
;

( 1+5)
2.2. :
i) 1-,
ii) 2- , iii) 2--2-
) .
( 6)
) i ii.
( 6)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
2,24 L C2H2 2,24 L C2H4,
STP.
) ( L) H2, STP,
.
( 10)
)
. L , STP,
, g C2 .
( 9+6)
Q Ar(H)=1, Ar(C)=12 , Ar(O)=16.

75

76

2
2.1.
.
2

C3C2

-CH=O

C3C=

>C=O

( 12)

2.2 :

CH3CH2COOH + CH3OH
CH3

CH

CH2

CH3

H+

................... + ...................

[O]

............................. + H2O

OH
CH3CH2OH

H
H22SO
SO44,,

CH3COOH + NaOH

................... + ...................

................... + ...................

( 4+3+3+3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
C4H10.
)
8,8 g CO2. o ( L) ,
STP.
( 10)
) 32 g (Br2)
43,2 g .
i) .
( 10)
ii)
( H2SO4) . .
( 5)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16, Ar(Br)= 80.

76

77

2O
2.1 :
) ,
.
( 6)
) C4H8
( 6)
2.2 :
) CH3-CH=CH2 + H2O ( )
) CH3-CH2-C=CH2 + Cl ( )
) C3COH + Na
( 9)
.
( 4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
0,2 mol 4,6 g
.
) L ( STP)
Na.
( 12)
) 0,2 mol
20,16 L O2 ( STP). N
.
( 13)
r (H)=1, r (C)=12, r (O)=16

77

78

2
2.1
) :
) HCH=O , ) CH3CH2CH3 , ) CH CH , ) HCOOH
( 4)
)
C3H6O.
( 6)
(, )
. .
( 1+2)

2.2 ( ):
) CH4 + O2 ( )
) CH3COOH + NaOH
) CH2=CHCH3 + HCl ( )
( 9)

.
( 3)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
) 28 g 11,2 L H2 STP.
.
( 13)
) 46 g Na. ( g)
.
( 12)
: r(C)=12, r(H)=1, r(Na)=23, r()=16.

78

79

2
2.1 :
) 1- , ) 2- , ) , ) 1,3- , ) ,
) .
( 12)

2.2 ( ):
) C2H4 + O2 ( )
) CH2= CH2 + H2O
) CH3-CH2-CH=CH2 + HCl ( )
( 9)

.
( 4)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
4,4 g 2 g NaOH.
) ,
.
( 13)
) 53 g Na2CO3.. ( L)
STP.
( 12)
: r(C)=12, r(H)=1 r()=16, r(Na)=23.

79

80

2
2.1
)
C3H8O.
( 6)
)
. ) 2CO3, ) CH4, ) CH2 CH2, ) H2O

( 4)

.
( 2)

2.2 ,
.
) CH3-CH2-CH=CH2

) HCOOH

) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2OH

) CH3-CH=CH-CH3
( 8)

(, ) .
( 2+3)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
) 29 g 44,8 L CO2 STP.
.
( 13)
) 13 g 2
. ( L) STP.
( 12)
: r(C)=12, r(H)=1.

80

81

2
2.1 .

.
( 12)
2.2. (, )
:
) .
) .
) Na2CO3 .
( 4+4+5)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
CH3 - CH = CH2 CH3 - C CH

) 44,8 L CH3 - CH = CH2 STP , 2.

( g) .
( 8)
) 22,4 L CH3 - C CH STP , 2.
( g) .
( 8)
)
2. ( g) 2 .
( 9)
: r(C)=12, r(H)=1 r()=16.

81

82

2
2.1
)
.
( 4)
)
: . ,
. .
( 8)
2.2.
CH=O
)
;
.
( 9)
)

.
( 4)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
2 mol
170 C H2SO4 56 g .
) .
( 10)
) L (HCl), STP,
.
( 7)
) L (H2), STP,
2 mol
(Na).
( 8)
: Ar (C)=12, Ar (H)=1

82

83

2
2.1
)
.
( 6)
)
.
( 3)
)
.
( 4)

2.2 :
) , ) , ) 2- , ) 1- , )
( 10)
.
( 2)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
22,4 L CH3-CH3, 44,8 L CH2=CH2 11,2 L CH3-CCH STP.
) Br2 CCl4.
.
( 13)
) Br2
2. CO2 ( g) .
( 12)
: r(C)=12, r(H)=1, r()=16, r(Br)=80.

83

84

2
2.1
A)
C46.
( 4)
(, )
. .
( 1+2)
) ( ):
) C362 + 2 ( )
) CH3CH2OH + Na
( 6)
2.2.
:
) CH2O2,

) C3H6,

) C2H4O, ) CH4O, ) C2H6 , ) C2H2

( 12)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
92 g 170 0C H2SO4.
( g) .
( 9)
2 . ( L)
STP.
( 8)
2. (
g) .
( 8)
: r(C)=12, r(H)=1 r()=16.

84

85

2
2.1

C4H10O.
( 8)
,
.
( 4)
2.2
( ):
) CH3COOH + Na2CO3
) CH3CH2OH + Na
) CHCH + 2Na
) CHCH + 2H2
( 4+3+3+3)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4

.
) 2
CO2
. .
( 13)
) 30 g
. 2 ( L)
STP ( g) 2
.
( 12)
: r(C)=12, r(H)=1, r()=16.

85

86

2
2.1
( ).
) CH3CH2COOH + NaOH
) COOH + a2CO3
) CH3OH + Na
( 9)

.
( 4)

2.2
:
) , ) , ) -, ) 2-, )
) 1-
( 12)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4

Mr=72 1 .
) .
( 8)
) 36 g 2.
( L) 2 STP ( g) CO2
.
( 9)
) 44,8 L H2 STP . ( g)
.
( 8)

: r(C)=12, r(H)=1, r()=16.

86

87

2
2.1
(, )
:
) (C6H12O6) .
) .
) .
( 12)
2.2

C3H8O.
( 6)

.
( 7)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
60 g CH3COOH .
) CH3COOH NaOH.
( g) NaOH ( g)
.
( 13)
) CH3COOH Na2CO3.
( L) STP.
( 12)
: r(C)=12, r(H)=1 r()=16, r(Na)=23.

87

88

2
2.1

C4H8O.
( 9)

.
( 2+2)
2.2
:
)2,3- , )2-, ) 2-, ) ,
) , ) .
( 12)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
22,4 L C2H4 , STP, .
) ( g)
.

( 8)

) Na.
( L) STP.
( 9)
)
. ( g) CO2 .
( 8)
: r(C)=12, r(H)=1 r()=16.

88

89

2O
2.1
)
C3H7OH .
( 6)
)
( )
.
( 4)
) :
CH3-CH=CH2 + H2O ( )

( 3)

2.2 , .
) .
) T .
) .
( 3)
.
( 9)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
0,2 mol Br2/CCl4.
, 40,4 g .
) Br2
.
( 10)
) L CO2 ( STP) , ;
( 8)
) L 2 ( STP) 0,2 mol ,
;
( 7)
r(H)=1, r(C)=12, r(Br)=80 , r (O)=16

89

90

2O
2.1
)
2-.

: , ,
( 6)

) :

CH 2 =C-CH 2 -CH 2 -C

( 2)
) CH3-CH2-CCH
.
( 4)
2.2
) , .
. ,
.
. .
( 2)
.
( 4)
) :
. CH3-CH=CH2 + H2O ( )
. (C6H12O6)
( 3+4)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
0,1 mol
13,2 g CO2.
) .
( 10)
) L , STP,
. : 20%v/v O2, 80%v/v N2
( 8)
) ,
.
( 7)
r (H)=1, r (C)=12 ,r (O)=16

90

91

2O
2.1 CH3CH2C2O (). N :
) .
( 4)
) .
( 3)
) .
( 6)
2.2 , .
) Na .
) HCl 2- .
) 20-25 km .
( 3)
.
( 9)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
52 g CHCH.
CHCH, 13 g 2,
, . CHCH 2
.
)

.
( 10)
) N 2 ( mol) .
( 15)
r (H)=1, r (C)=12

91

92

2
2.1. : ) 2--2-, ) 2-, ) 2-,
iv) 1-.
) ,

( 8)

) ;

( 2)

( 3)

2.2. () ();
) HCl 1,1-.
) a2CO3 , CO2
) .
( 3)
.

( 9)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
() 560 L
( STP) 90 g 2.
) ().

( 9)

) : ) ( L STP) CO2
) ( mol) .
( 6+3)
) ( g)
230 g 170 oC H2SO4.
( 7)
20% v/v 2
: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(C)=12

92

93

2
2.1. :
) + HCl ( )
) + 2 ( )
) + 2 ( )
( 12)
2.2. :
1-,

1,3-,

2-,

2--.

) ,

( 4)

) ;

( 4)

( 5)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
() 0,2 mol CH3COOH 0,3 mol CH3CH2COOH.
) ( g) NaOH ();
( 8)
) ( L STP)
() Mg;
( 8)
) mol ()
Na2CO3;
( 9)

: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(Na)=23

93

94

2
2.1. :
) +
) + 2 ( )
) + Mg
( 12)
2.2. () ();
) .
)

) 3 C 3H6.
( 3)
.

( 3+4+3)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
120 g 1- 180 g 2-.
) ( L STP) ,
, Na.
( 12)
) ( L STP)
.
( 13)
20% v/v 2
: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(C)=12

94

95

2
2.1. () ()
3 :
) C4H8,
) Br 2-,
)
( 3)

( 9)

2.2. : , , .
, ) Na, ) Na2CO3 .
( 3)

( 3+3+4)

--------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
0,2 mol (), 56 L STP.
) .

( 10)

) ( g) CO2 .
( 5)
) ( L STP)
0,4 mol () Na.
( 10)
20% v/v 2
: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(C)=12

95

96

2
2.1. : ) 2-, ) , ) , )
) .
)
) ;

( 10)
( 3)

2.2. : , , .
) : ) a, ) Br2

( 3)

) .

( 9)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
12 g ()
Na 2,24 L STP.
) (A)

( 10)

) ( g) 12 g
.
( 6)
) 2 ( L STP)
12 g .
( 9)
: Ar (H)=1, Ar (C)= 12, Ar ()= 16

96

97

2
2.1. () ();
) (CH3CH2COOH) NaOH CaO.
)
, .
) 5 C 5H8.
( 3)
.

( 9)

2.2. ,
Br2 CCl4, :
)
)
)
) .
) .

( 2+3)

) .
( 6)
)

( 2)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
2 mol CH3CH=CH2 5 mol CHCH. :
) 2 ( L STP)
CO2 .
( 6+6)
) 2 ( L STP)
.
( 6)
) ( L STP)
Na.
( 7)
:

Ar (O)= 16,

97

Ar (C)= 12,

98

2
2.1. () ();
)
C.
) : -CH=O
) 2--2- .
( 3)
.

( 9)

2.2. : 2--2-, , ,
)

( 3)

) : ) Na , ) HCN

( 3)

( 3+2+2)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
) 2 mol 3 mol .
: ) 2 ( STP)
) CO2 .
( 8+7)
) (CHCH) .
: ) 2 ( L STP)
520 g , ) ( L STP)
Na 520 g .
( 5+5)
: Ar (H)=1, Ar (O)= 16, Ar (C)= 12

98

99

2
2.1. : , , , , ,
)
) : ) , ) , )
)
( 5, 5, 3)
2.2. :
)

H2SO4

170 o C

) + NaOH
) + 2
( 12)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
A (A) 14 mL 420 mL (
20% v/v O2). .
) (A), ,
(A) .
( 10+5)
) N ( g) , 84 g
(A) Br2.
( 10)
: Ar (H)=1, Ar (C)= 12, Ar (Br)= 80

99

100

2
2.1. () ();
)
) : -CH=O
) 5 C 5H10.
( 3)
.

( 3+3+4)

2.2. :
) +
) + NaOH
) + CaO
( 12)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
() 2,
.
) ()

( 11)

) ( L) , STP,
10,8 g () Na.
( 7+7)
: Ar (H)=1, Ar (O)= 16,

100

Ar (C)= 12

101

2
2.1. :
) +
) + 2
) + a
( 12)
2.2. () ();
) (C6H12O6) (CH3COOH).
) 2- .
) Mg.
( 3)
.

( 4+3+3)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
() Br2,
101 g r = 202.
) ().

( 10)

) .
) 1 .
( L STP) 2, .
( 5)
) 2 .
( g).
( 10)
: Ar (H)=1,

101

Ar (O)= 16,

Ar (Br)= 80,

Ar (C)= 12

102

2
2.1.
:
) () 4
.
) ()
.
) ()
.
( 4+5+4)
2.2 () ():
)

) -COOH a.
) .
( 3)
.

( 9)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
6,4 g 9,2 g .
) ,
. ( L STP)
.
( 12)
)
. , g, CO2.
( 13)
: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(C)=12

102

103

2
2.1. :

) .

( 5)

) ,
.
i) 5) .
ii) 3) .
( 2)
.

( 2+3)

2.2. :
1)

2) 2--2-

3)

) .

( 6)

) ,
() ().
i) 2) CvH2v+2.
ii) 3) .
( 2)
.

( 2+3)

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
. 4,48 L STP .
. 13 g (CHCH)
) 18 g 2.
.
( 13)
) ,
, . mol
.
( 12)
Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16

103

104

2
2.1
:
) (A) 4
.
) ()
, .
) 1 ().
( 4+4+5)

2.2 () ():
) .
) .
) 1- .
( 3)
.

( 9)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
3
.
H ,
0,25 mol 15 g.
) 14,8 g Na2CO3.
STP .
( 10)
) .

( 8)

) 12 g 2.
( L STP ),
.
( 7)
: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(C)=12

104

105

2
2.1. :
) (A) 3
Br2 CCl4.
) C3H6O (), ,
.
) C3H8O () .
( 3)
.

( 3+3+4)

2.2. () () :
)

) C2H2.
)

( 3)
.

( 9)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
) 24 g
(Na2CO3). ( L STP) .
( 10)
)
(), () ,
Mr=102. ()
() ().
( 15)
: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(C)=12

105

106

2
2.1. ,
:
.
.

CHCH + 2Na

( )

. CH3-CH2-CH2-OH + Na
( 12)

2.2. () ():
)

) CH3-OH .
) CH3-COOH Na2CO3.
( 3)
.

( 3+3+4)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
2- ,
4 .
) 11,2 g ,
. g
.
( 12)
) i) .

( 7)

ii) 12 g
, ,
.
STP.
( 6)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16

106

107

2
2.1.
.
C4H9OH.
( 8)
. ,
.
( 4)

2.2 () () :
) C2H4O .
) CH3-CH2-OH 170C, H2SO4,
CH3-CH=CH-CH3
) NaOH.
( 3)
.

( 3+4+3)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
2
.

H .
) 12 g Mg. mol
, ( L STP)
.
( 12)
) 12 g
, 2,24 L STP.
. ( 13)
: Ar(H)=1 , Ar(O)=16 , Ar(C)=12

107

108

2
2.1.
. :
) 1-
)
) 2,2-
)
( 8)
.
) )
( 2+3)

2.2.
. ;
) CH3-CH2-OH

) H-COOH ) CH3-CCH

)C3-C=

. Na2CO3;
.

( 8)
( 1)
( 3)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
2- ,
4 .
) 11,2 g ,
. g
.
( 12)
) i) .

( 7)

ii) 12 g
, ,
.
, L STP.
( 6)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16

108

109

2
2.1.
.
C4H9OH.
( 8)
. ,
.
( 4)

2.2 () () :
) C2H4O .
) CH3-CH2-OH 170C, H2SO4,
CH3-CH=CH-CH3
) NaOH.
( 3)
.

( 3+4+3)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
H 3 .
14,5 g
5,6 L STP.
) 8,4 g .
mol .
( 8)
) .

( 9)

) g
(14,5 g) . ( 8)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16

109

110

2
2.1. ,
:
) CH3-CH=CH2 + H2O
) CH3COOH + Mg
) CHCH + H-CN
) CH3-CH2-OH + Na
( 12)

2.2. () ():
.
. .
.
.
( 3)
.

( 3+3+4)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
1-.
(Mr) 58.
) ( g) CO2
10,8 g .
( 8)
) .

( 8)

) , STP,
0,2 mol . ( : 20% v/v 2) .
( 9)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16

110

111

2
2.1 :
) C4H8 () 2 .
) C2H6O () 2.
) C2H4O2 () a2CO3 CO2.
( 3)
.

( 3+3+4)

2.2. () () :
) CH3-CH2-CH=O .
) C3H6 Br2.
) .

( 3)
( 9)

------------------------------------------------------------------ 4
84 g () .
) 44,8 L ,
STP, .
.
( 13)
) .
Mr= 28.000.
.
( 12)
: Ar(C)=12 , Ar(H)=1

111

112

2
2.1
)
C3H8O.
( 6)
) ( ):
CH3CH2OH + Na
CH3
CHOH + [O]
CH3
( 3+4)
2.2
.
)
.
( 6)
)
.
( 6)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
) 9,2 g (Na).
STP (2)
.
( 6)
o
) 9,2 g 170 C.
STP,
.
( 7)
) 30 g 33,6 L
(CO2) STP. .
( 12)
o : Ar(H)=1, Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16.

112

113

2
2.1 () ().
) CH 3 CH CH 2 CH 3 3-.
OH

) C4H8
) CH3CH2CH2OH CH3OCH2CH3

) CH3CH2CHO
( 4)

( 8)
2.2 ( ) :

) C + H2
) CH3 CHOH + [O]
CH3
) CH3COOH + Mg

( 9)

( 4)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
(CH3CH2OH) .
) g
(Na) 44,8 L (2), STP .
( 8)
o
) 46 g 170 C.
STP, .
( 7)
) 37 g (O2)
2 mol CO2.
.
( 10)
o : Ar(H)=1, Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16.

113

114

2
2.1 :
i) CH3CCH3

ii) CH3CH2C=CH2

iii) CH3C2CH

iv) CH3CH=CCH3

) .
( 4)
) .
( 4)
)
.
( 2)
)
(HCl) 2.
( 3)
2.2
A)
.
( 4)

( ) .
( 2)
) ( ) :
) CH3CH2OH + Na
) CH2=CH2 + H2

Pt

( 6)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
) 30 g x g
(CH3COCH3). x
.
( 13)
) 60 g
(Na). STP
(2) .
( 12)
o : Ar(H)=1, Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16.

114

115

2
2.1 () ().
) C3H6
) CH3CH=O
) CH3C2H Na
) CO2
( 4)

( 8)
2.2
)
.
.
.
( 6)
) :
H SO

2
4
) CH3C2OH
170 o C
CH3
)
CHOH + [O]
CH3

( 4+3)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
1- (CH3C2C2OH)
.
) 30 g 1- . L, STP,
(CO2) ;
( 8)
) 60 g 1-
. g .
( 8)
) 14,8 g Na2CO3.
L, STP, (CO2) ;
( 9)
o : Ar(H)=1, Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16.

115

116

2
2.1 :
2- ,
2- ,
,
.
) .
( 4)
)
( 8)
2.2
)
(NO2)
.
.
( 4)
) ( ) :
) CH3C2OH + Na
) CH3COH + Na2CO3
) CH3CHO +

[O]

( 9)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
) g
14 g (CH2=CH2);
( 8)
) g 46 g ;
( 8)
) 60 g (Mg).
L (H2)
STP;
( 9)
o : Ar(H)=1, Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16.

116

117

2
2.1
)
C4H10.
( 6)
) ( ):
CH3COOH + Mg
CHCH + H2O

HgSO 4
H2SO 4

( )
( 3+ 4)

2.2
: , .
:
) (Na), ) (Na2CO3).
.

( 3)

( 9)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
(CH3CH=CH2)
().
) g 0,1 mol (Br2);
( 8)
) ( L) (O2) STP
4,2 g ;
( 8)
) () 84 g
44,8 L (H2), STP.
( 9)
: Ar(H)=1, Ar(C)=12.

117

118

2
2.1 () ().
) CH3CCH CH2=C=CH2
.
) ClCH2CH2CH3 CH3CH2CH2Cl .
) CH3CH=O .
) CH3COCH3 .
( 4)
.
( 8)
2.2
) (O3) (
10Km) .
( 6)
) ( ):
CH3CH2OH + Na
C6H12O6

( 3+4)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
(CH2=CH2) 30 g (CH3CH).
) mol , ,
23 g ;
( 7)
) T 23 g (O2).
L STP,
.
( 8)
) 30 g
(Mg). L, STP, (H2)
;
( 10)
o : Ar(H)=1, Ar(C)=12, Ar(O)=16.

118

119

119

120

2O
2.1
) : , ,
.
( 6)
) :

CH3 -C-CH 2 -CCH

( 2)
) CH3-CH2-C2-C=
.
( 4)
2.2 :
) CH3 CH=CH2 + H2O

( )

) HCCH + H2O ( )
) CH3C + aOH
.

( 9)
( 4)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
HCCH ,
:
) 0,5 mol 22,4 L CO2 ( STP).
.
( 12)
) 52 g HCCH H2
. ( g) .
( 13)
r (H)=1, r (C)=12, r (O)=16

120

121

2
2.1.
)
: ) C4H8 , ) C4H10 ) C2H5 .
( 6)
) a;

( 2)

( 3+2)
2.2. :
. CH3CH2OH +

Na
+

. CH3COOH

CH3CH2OH

. HCOOH + Na
. CH2=CH2 + H2
( 3+3+3+3)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
C2H2
( O2 20% v/v).
. L,
, C2H2.

500 L

( 9)

. CO2 ( L)
C2H2.
( 8)
. 0,1 mol C2H2 .
( g)
( g) .
( 8)
Ar (C)= 12, Ar (H)= 1,

121

122

2
2.1.
)
: ) C2H4O , ) C3H8 ) CH3CH2COOH. ( 6)
) :
i) 4 .
ii) .
( 3+4)

2.2. :
. CH3CH2OH +

[O]

+ [O]

. CH CH + 2HCl
. CH3OH + Na
( 6+4+3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
.
) 20 L 400 L
( 20/% v/v )
. .. .
( 9)
) 16,8 g .
.
( 8)
) 0,1 mol .
g .
( 8)
Ar (C)= 12, Ar (H)= 1, Ar (O)= 16

122

123

2
2.1.
) :
i)
ii)
iii) .
( 6)
) C4H9
: ) )
( 4+2)

2.2. :
. CH3CH2OH + Na
.

+ 2Br2

. CH3CH2OH

H2SO4/170 C

. CH2=CH2 + Cl
( 3+4+3+3)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
C2H4 C2H6.
. ( L) ( 20/% v/v
)
10 L C2H6.
( 8)
. C2H4, 2,24 L STP , Br2 CCl4.
( g) .
( 8)
. 0,2 mol
H2SO4 ,
.
( 9)
.
:

Ar (O)= 16,

Ar (C)= 12, Ar ()= 1, Ar (Br)= 80

123

124

2
2.1.
. :
) 1-
)
) 2-
)
( 8)
.
) ).
( 2+2)
2.2. :
)
)
)
( 4+4+5)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
C2H5OH.
) 10 L 45 L
. .. .
( 9)
) 0,2 mol Br.
g .
( 8)
) 4,6 g C2H5OH Na .
L STP .
( 8)

Ar (C)= 12, Ar (H)= 1, Ar (O)= 16

124

125

2
2.1.
) : )
, ) )
.
( 6)
) :
) 2-

) 1- ) 2-
( 6)

2.2. ( ):
. CH3C

+ Na2CO3

. + H2

HgSO4/H2SO4

. CH2=CH2 + H2
. CH3O + Na
( 3+4+3+3)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
C2H5OH C3H6.
. 9,2 g C2H5OH .
( L STP) CO2.
( 8)
. 0,1 mol C2H5OH Na.
( L STP), .
( 8)
. C3H6 4,2 g
, .
.
( 9)

Ar (C)= 12, Ar (H)= 1, Ar ()= 16

125

126

2
2.1.
) : )
, ) )
.
( 6)
) :
) 2-

) 2-

)
( 6)

2.2. ( ):
. CH3CH2OH + a
+

. CH3COH + CH3OH
. CH3COH + Ca
. + H2O

+
( 3+3+3+4)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
:
. 4,48 L STP .
. 7,8 g (CHCH)
) 12 g
. .
( 13)
) ,
, . ( g)
.
( 12)

Ar (C)= 12, Ar (H)= 1, Ar ()= 16

126

127

2
2.1.
) : )
, ) )
.
( 6)
) :
)

) 1- ) 1-
( 6)

2.2. :
. CH3CH2OH +
. + H2

Na
HgSO4/H2SO4

. CH3COOH + Na2CO3
. CH=CH + 2
( 3+4+3+3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
C3H6.
) ( L STP ) (
20% v/v) 2 mol C3H6.
( 9)
) ( g) C3H6
6 g ;
( 8)
) ( g) C3H6
16 g Br2 CCl4 ;
( 8)
Ar (C)= 12, Ar (H)= 1, Ar (Br)= 80

127

128

2
2.1.
)
: ) C3H8 ) C36.
( 4)
) r;

( 2)

, .
.
( 3+2+2)
2.2. ( ):
. CH3CH2OH + a
. CH3CH2OH + []

. CH3COH + Na
. CH2=CH2 + 2
( 3+3+3+3)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
7,4 g ()
8,96 L CO2 STP.
. .. ()
;
( 9)
. 0,1 mol () Na.
( L STP)
( 9)
. ()
.
( 7)
Ar(C)=12, Ar(H)=1, Ar(O)=16

128

129

2
2.1. : ) CH22 ) C3H7OH.
i)
.
( 4)
ii)
.
( 8)

2.2.
() () :
) CH3-O-CH3 CH3-CH2-OH .
) 1-.
) 2-
( 3)
.
( 3+3+4)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
: 2
,
2 .
) 120 g CaO. mol
, ( L STP) .
( 12)
) 9,2 g
.
( L STP).
( 13)
Ar (C)= 12, Ar (H)= 1, Ar (O)= 16

129

130

2
2.1.
() ():
) CH3-CH2-CH2-OH .
) CH3-CH2-CH2-OH Na.
) CH3-COOH Na2CO3.
( 3)
.
( 3+3+4)

2.2. :
. CH3CH2OH + a

. CH3-CH=CH2 + H2O
. CH3COOH + CH3CH2OH

H+

. CH3COOH +
( 3+3+3+3)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
C4H8 C4H10.
. ( L) 20 L
C4H10.
( 8)
. ( 20% v/v 2)
5 L C4H8 .
( 8)
. 0,6 mol
Br2,
.
( 9)
.
:

Ar (Br)= 80,

Ar (C)= 12, Ar ()= 1

130

131

131

132

2O
2.1
) :
) CH3-CH2-COOH
II) CH2=CH2
III) CHC-CH2-CH3
) .

IV) CH3-CH2-CH2-OH

( 4)
)
(IV).
( 2)
) :
)
C.
) .
( 2)
.
( 4)
2.2
) :
CH3COOH + NaOH
CH3-C=CH2 + Cl ( )
.

( 6)
( 2)

) )
.
( 2)
)
.
( 3)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4
, CH3OH,
:
) 1mol
44,8 L CO2 ( STP). N .
( 12)
) CH3OH
Na , 22,4 L ( STP).
( g) CH3OH .
( 13)
r (H)=1, r (C)=12, r (O)=16

132

133

2O
2.1
) .
( 4)
) : a2CO3, Br2 CCl4, H2.
,
.
( 4)
) :
CH3-CH2-C=CH2 + Cl A ( )
.

( 3)
( 2)

2.2 :
) C3H6O .
)
.
) C8H18.
( 12)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4

:
) 44,8 L CH4 ( STP) .
( g) CO2 .
( 10)
) , 0,5 mol
, 176 g CO2 . .
( 15)
: r (C)=12, r (O)=16

133