Concept

Prime Numbers

How to
A number that has only
itself and one as a factor

Composite Numbers

They have two factors or

more.
Find multiples

LCM, lowest common

multiple
Finding the LCM, or the
Prime Factor Machine

Adding and Subtracting

Fractions with Like
Denominators

Divide the numbers

starting with the lowest
prime, until all factors are
found
F- Fraction form
D- Denominator
S Simplify by adding or
subtracting
R- Reduce in factors and
proper fractions

Example
1, 2, 3, 4 ,5,
6, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11, 12, 13,14,15,
16,17, 18, 19, 20,
21,22, 23, 24, 25
24 = 1x24, 2x12, 3x8, 4x6
6= 6,12,18,24,30,36
9=9,18,27,36
LCM = 18
5 15 20
3 4
LCM = 5x3x4 = 60

3 2
+
10 10
D they arethe same
3 2
5
S + =
10 10 10
5/ 1 1
R
=
10
/ /2 2
F

Adding and Subtracting

Fractions with Like
Denominators with prime
check

1. FDSR
2. When both or one of the
denominators are prime
3. Multiply them together
for the LCD
4.Multiply the
denominators by the factor
for the LCD
5. Multiply the numerators
by the same amount.

1 1
+ LCD = 2i3 = 6
2 3
1i3 1i 2
D
+
2i3 3i 2
3 2 5
S + =
6 6 6

Adding and Subtracting

Fractions with Unlike
Denominators with
Divisibility check

1. FDSR
2. When one of the
numbers in the
denominator divides
evenly into the other
3. Multiply the one
denominator and the
accompanied numerator
that makes it equal to the

1 5
F +
3 6
1i 2 5
D
+
3i 2 6
2 5 7
S + =
6 6 6
1
1
R6 7 = 1
6

larger number.
Adding and Subtracting
Fractions with Unlike
Denominators with
Interdependent

Multiplying Fractions
120214

Dividing Fractions
120314

1. FDSR

ex1

2. When both prime and

interdependent fail.
3. When both
denominators have a
common factor.
4.Put both denominators
into prime check to find
the LCD.
5.Multiply both numerator
and denominator that
equals the LCD.
1. FRMM
2.F fraction form
3.R reduce
4.M Multiply
5.M if it is an improper
fraction make it a mixed
number

1. FFRMM
2.F fraction form
3.F flip the second
fraction doing the
reciprocal, and changing
the division to
multiplication
4.R reduce
5.M Multiply
6.M if it is an improper
fraction make it a mixed
number

8 5

21 15

3 21 15
7 5 LCD = 105

8i5 5i7

21i5 15i7
40 35
5
S

=
105 105 105
5/ 1
1
R
=
10521 21
D

7 2
1 i2
8 25
8i1 + 7 25i2 + 2
F

8
25
15 52
i
8 25
3i5/ 1 2/ 1 i 2/ 1 i13
R
i
/ i2/ 1 i2 5/ 1 i5
12
3 13 39
M i =
2 5 10
9
M 3
10
7 1
1
8 5
7 5i1 + 1
F
8
5
7 6

8 5
7 5
F i
8 6
R nothing to reduce
7 5 35
M i =
8 6 48