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  • Infectii Gastrointestinale

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    Alina Cazan
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    1. Gastrointestinal infections can be caused by a variety of bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites and other agents. Common symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and vomiting. 2. Diarrhea results from increased intestinal secretion or decreased absorption due to toxins or inflammation. Specific pathogens like Vibrio cholerae cause diarrhea through secretory mechanisms while Shigella dysenteriae causes inflammatory diarrhea. 3. Treatment focuses on rehydration, antidiarrheal medications, antibiotics for specific infections, and diet modification. Antibiotics may be given systemically for severe or invasive infections.

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    1. Gastrointestinal infections can be caused by a variety of bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites and other agents. Common symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and vomiting. 2. Diarrhea results from increased intestinal secretion or decreased absorption due to toxins or inflammation. Specific pathogens like Vibrio cholerae cause diarrhea through secretory mechanisms while Shigella dysenteriae causes inflammatory diarrhea. 3. Treatment focuses on rehydration, antidiarrheal medications, antibiotics for specific infections, and diet modification. Antibiotics may be given systemically for severe or invasive infections.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    30 views3 pages

    Infectii Gastrointestinale

    Uploaded by

    Alina Cazan
    1. Gastrointestinal infections can be caused by a variety of bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites and other agents. Common symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and vomiting. 2. Diarrhea results from increased intestinal secretion or decreased absorption due to toxins or inflammation. Specific pathogens like Vibrio cholerae cause diarrhea through secretory mechanisms while Shigella dysenteriae causes inflammatory diarrhea. 3. Treatment focuses on rehydration, antidiarrheal medications, antibiotics for specific infections, and diet modification. Antibiotics may be given systemically for severe or invasive infections.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    Infectiigastrointestinale

    Entitaticlinice
    r Infec{iigaslrcintestinalenespecifie (diferitiagenti etiologiciacelasl
    tablouclinic):
    -TlA, gastrite,enterocolite

    s Infectii specifice cu etiologie precisa si tablou dinic Ecieristic:


    -holera,schigelozs(dizenteriabacilara)
    -febrs titoida /paratitoida
    -bolulism(cu manifestariprsdominanlneurologica)

    s Virusuri: rotav, enterov, v.


    Norwalk
    B Baclerii: staflococi. enteromci.
    enterobacterii (E Coli, YeFinia,
    vibrioni,
    Salm/Schiggella),
    Campylobsctsr, Bacillus cereus,
    anarobi(Clostridil)
    $ Fungi, potozoarB, metazoaro
    B Boala Whipple: Trophoryma
    whippelii
    s Agentiiinfediosi actioneazaprin;
    flurup|icar3
    -elibsrare de toxina
    -invazie

    W
    Factoride virulentaai germenilor
    .

    Capsula

    Aderanta (timbril=adezine)

    Colonizaroa eplteliu\d sl
    invazialocala/sistemica

    Toxine:

    -Ngurotoxina
    -Endotoxina (S typhi)
    -Enteroloxina(V holeris)
    itotoxina (Sh dizenterias):

    Factori de aparar ai organismului


    I Receplori speclfci
    G Mucus
    & Motilitate (lulburarils de mtilitate favorizeaza multiglicarea ,
    producsrade toxina,invazia)
    ] Aciditatea gaslrica, s@tii biliaE, panseafB
    * Micmflora normala intestinala (in special anaerobl)
    * lmunitate : locala (lgA locali, ac antitoxici) si sistemica

    3. Diare=crestereanrde scauneinsolitede sderea consistentol


    materiilor tecale
    e 2 Mecanisms:
    t.<fl secretiei ln ts lproximal) prin mscanism toxic-scaune >>>
    4
    aDoas
    tl.$ absorbtieiin lG (leziuniinflamatoriimu6asa): sune or
    mucus,PMN, sangE,

    I. MECANISMSECRETOR
    Ex. Vibrionholeric (acliunein lS proximal)
    oxudathidrosalin-diarBe
    aDoasa
    toxina -

    II, MECANISMINFLAMATOR
    Ex. Sh. dyzenteriae(actiunein lG)
    + multiplicarserudat infiamator ar PMN
    'toxina
    :
    diaroemuco-pio-sanguinolonta
    lll. MECANISMINVAZIV slstomlc
    Ex. S. typhi (actiunein lS distal)
    Toxina exudal inflamator cu MN + multiplire in ganglionii limlatici
    *
    dissminarelimfatica/sanguina
    +/-diare6.
    + manifsslari sistemice

    Tablouclinic
    1. SdrinfEdio3
    2. Sdr digesliv
    -dureri abdominale colicative
    -sunedia6ica:

    G$nespecioce
    Sdiz6nterice (afscaloide,mucopiosanguinolantE)
    4holerice

    (afscaloide - aps de orez)

    -tnesme (dsfscatis durcroasa)


    3. Sdrtoxic :cafalee,vaFaturi, lipotimie,simptomgneumlogics
    4. SDA -in tunctie do sveritalra:
    -u3or (5%): sote; m6diu (8%): TA<; sevor (10%): colaps, tR tunctionala,
    manifsstari nourologice

    Diagnoetlc
    ]

    Epidsmiologic

    E Clinic(+fcnsc)
    3 Paraclinic
    -x@uah
    ^JF
    x speg'fioe:
    patogenic):
    +/-PMN
    (ndlt
    mecanismul
    1. Coprodologic
    Coprobctriologic : coprocultura + antibiograma
    Copmpsrazitologb
    CoproviruBologic:cultura + idontmcar
    2. Detdr'rnar de todno (c| dirdlle, botulinium): in vivo, PCR
    3. Ex serologics (febra tfoida)
    4. Alte produse patologkE (hemoc)
    5. Alte x paradiniE: Gctosigmoidoscopia, colonoscopb, biopsie, CT
    otc

    Tr?tament
    k RohldrataBr: oral, parentral
    Formule d rdridEtar
    g|/1,NaHCq-z,5 gI, KCL 1,5 g/1,20 g glucozal
    oral:NacN-3,5
    parnisral sd DACCA: NaCF 5 gn,NaHCo!- agl I, KCI fgn
    Dsxtran l0 mukg
    I Diata
    B Tratamentsimptomalic
    .hipnnotlitaloa htslinala (loporamida, scobutil etc)
    B Traiamsntsnfibiotlo
    ntiblotice local nerso|bablle: rihxlmin (normh), nifum,(szid (rceturll)
    -ntibiotice oJ adiung sistmica in :
    Scfiigeloza , Holre
    '
    Diar ql baoteriemio
    Diars severe h lD

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