LP TRNH H THNG

NHNG

BI QUC BO

Vi iu khin 8051

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Vi iu khin 8051

BM K Thut in T - H Bch Khoa TP.HCM

Phn mm
KEIL

PROTEUS

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Cu trc b nh ca 8051

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Cu trc b nh ca 8051
8051 c 3 vng nh ring bit (b nh
chng trnh, b nh d liu trong, b
nh d liu ngoi). Mi vng nh c
truy cp bng cc cu lnh khc nhau.

Khi khai bo cc bin, ta phi xc nh
vng nh cho cc bin .

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Cu trc b nh ca ARM7
LPC2000
Cc vi x l c kin trc VonNewman (VD: ARM) dng
chung 1 khng gian nh cho
b nh chng trnh v d
liu.

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Khng gian b nh chng trnh

c gi l code space

Cha chng trnh v cc hng s

VD: khai bo hng s cha bnh phng
cc s t 0 n 3:

code char square[4] = {0,1,4,9};

Lnh assembly: MOVC A, @A+DPTR

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Khng gian b nh d liu ni

Vng nh ni truy xut trc tip (00H-7FH) c k

hiu l data

Lnh assembly: MOV A, 7FH

Vng nh ni truy xut gin tip (00H-FFH), c k

hiu idata

Lnh assembly:

MOV
MOV

R0, #80H
A, @R0

Hai vng nh ny dng cha cc bin thng

dng v bin tm
VD: khai bo mt bin integer:

idata unsigned int temp;

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Khng gian b nh d liu ngoi

c gi l external data space (xdata)

Lnh assembly:

MOV
DPTR, #2000H
MOVX A,@DPTR

Cha cc bin t dng, cc khi d liu ln

hoc ngoi vi theo kiu memory-mapped
VD:

xdata unsigned int[1000] ADC_value;

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VD:

Vit hm c prototype nh sau:
unsigned int checksum (unsigned int
start, unsigned int end)
tnh checksum ca vng nh
ch*+ng trnh t a ch start n end
(code)

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unsigned int checksum (unsigned int start, unsigned int end)

{


unsigned int code *codeptr, *codeend;


unsigned int data checksum = 0;

codeptr = (unsigned int code *)start;

codeend = (unsigned int code *)end;

while (codeptr <= codeend)

{
checksum = checksum + (unsigned int data)*codeptr;
codeptr++; /* go to the next address */
}
return (checksum);

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Cc ki thng dng
Type

Bits

Bytes

Range

char

-128 to +127

unsigned char

0 to 255

enum

16

-32,768 to +32,767

short

16

-32,768 to +32,767

unsigned short

16

0 to 65,535

int

16

-32,768 to +32,767

unsigned int

16

0 to 65,535

long

32

-2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647

unsigned long

32

0 to 4,294,697,295

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Ki float v double

Trong C51, kiu float v double ging

nhau, gm 4 byte theo chun EEE-754

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Cc kiu c bit ca C51

Type

Bits

Bytes

Range

bit

0 or 1

sbit

0 or 1

sfr

0 to 255

sf16

16

0 to 65,535

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Thanh ghi
Keil cho php khai bo cc thanh ghi
bng t kha sfr

VD:

sfr P0 = 0x80;

P0 = 0x0F;

//khai bo thanh ghi P0

//a ch 80H

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Tc ng n bit trong SFR

8051 c cc lnh tc ng n bit.
tc ng n bit trong thanh ghi ta dng
khai bo sbit

sbit name = sfr-name ^ bit-position;

sbit name = sfr-address ^ bit-position;
sbit name = sbit-address;

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Tc ng n bit trong SFR

sfr PSW = 0xD0;

sbit CY = PSW^7;

sbit CY = 0xD0^7;

sbit CY = 0xD7;

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Tc ng n bit trong SFR

sfr char P0 = 0x80;

sbit SW = P0^0;
void main(void)
{
while(1)
{
SW = !SW;
}
}

a ch ca cc bin sfr,
sfr16, sbit phi nm bn
ngoi hm.

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Vng nh c nh a ch bit

8051 c vng nh c nh a ch bit.

tc ng n vng nh ny ta dng khai bo
bdata
bdata
char temp _at_ 0x2F;
bit flag = temp ^0;
void main(void)
{
flag = 1;
}
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Lu :

Cc khai bo code, idata, xdata, bdata,
sfr, sbit l c bit cho trng hp lp
trnh 8051.

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VD:

Vit chng trnh cho 8051 to hm nh
sau:

P1.0 = P1.1 AND P1.2

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Cu trc vng lp v tn (endless

loop)
void main(void)
{
Task1_init();
Task2_init();
While(1) //m/t vng l2p v t4n th5c hin task1 v task2
{
Task1();
Task2();
}

}
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Endless loop

u im:
n gin.

D thc hin, sa li v bo tr

Khng cn s dng nhiu ti nguyn h
thng (VD: timer)

D dng thay i chy vi cc vi x l
khc (portable)

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Endless loop

Nhc im:
Khng ph hp vi cc ng dng i hi
thi gian chnh xc (VD: ng h s).

Tiu tn nng lng v CPU hot ng
ch bnh thng trong ton b thi gian

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Look-up table
unsigned char code
square[]={0,1,4,9,16,25,36,49,64,81};
unsigned char cal_square(unsigned char num)
{
return square[num];
}
Assembly:
MOV
A,R7
MOV
DPTR, #SQUARE
MOVC
A,@A+DPTR
MOV
R7,A
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Question
a ch ca LED 7 on l bao nhiu?

lm LED hin th s 8, ta dng lnh
cho 8051 nh th no? (dng assembly
v C)

Xy dng bng m 7 on cho LED (cho
cc s ln hn 9 tt tt c on LED).

Vit chng trnh C c gi tr t 4 SW
v hin th ln LCD. (Dng bng tra
ly m 7 on).

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Giao tip switch

Switch l 1 trong nhng phng php
giao tip chnh ca h thng nhng

Cc contact c kh s b rung khi ng
hoc m.

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15

Chng rung

delay

Not pressed

Press
detected

Read again
Confirmed

delay
Press
detected

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Read again
Just a bounce

31

Giao tip switch

Vi 8051,
trc khi c
switch ta phi
ghi 1 ra b
cht ca chn
port ang giao
tip switch

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16

Vit chng trnh C c gi tr switch (c

chng rung) v xut ra LED.

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Giao tip keypad

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Giao tip keypad

Chng trnh getkey():

Gi tr tr v: m phm (0-15) hoc 255
nu khng c phm nhn.

V lu

Vit code C

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Giao tip keypad

Chng trnh getkey_Debound()

Gi tr tr v: m phm (0-15) hoc 255
nu khng c phm nhn.

Cch thc hin:

Nu trong 20 ln lin tip gi chng
trnh getkey() tr v cng 1 gi tr, th
l gi tr tr v ca getkey_Debound().

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Giao tip keypad

V lu cho chng trnh
getkey_Debound()

Vit code C

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Giao tip keypad

Vit chng trnh getCalKey_Debound():

Gi tr tr v l 1 trong cc k t:

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, C,
=, +, -, x, / hoc N nu khng c
phm c nhn

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Hm printf()

Hm printf() rt c ch trong qu trnh vit v

debug chng trnh.
Mc nh, hm printf xut 1 chui k t ra
serial port ca 8051
Cu trc:
int printf ( const char * format, ... );
Chi tit tham kho ti:
http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/clibrary/cs
tdio/printf/
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Th vin ca Keil C
Keil C h tr rt nhiu th vin nh th
vin xut nhp (stdio), ton (math),

Cc th vin v hm ca Keil C c th
tham kho ti:
http://www.keil.com/support/man/docs/c5
1/c51_library.htm

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