RESULT :

TABLE 1 : DETERMINATION OF k
Torque
Kg cm
0.25
0.50
0.75
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00
2.25
2.50
2.75
3.00
3.25
3.50
3.75
4.00
4.25
4.50
4.75
5.00

Degrees of Rotation
N.mm
0.0245
0.049
0.0735
0.098
0.1225
0.147
0.1715
0.196
0.2205
0.245
0.2695
0.294
0.3185
0.343
0.3675
0.392
0.4165
0.441
0.4655
0.49

No. 1
30
60
90
121
151
180

No. 2
15
30
44
58
72
86
99
113
128
142
156
170

TABLE 2 : STRAIN RATE RANGE FOR SPRING AND VANE USED : STANDARD
VANE 12.7mm DIAMETER x 12.7mm HEIGHT
Spring number

Usable range, Kgcm

1
2
3
4

0.5 1.5
1 3.5
1.75 5.0
2.75 8.0

Vane shear strength range,

Kpa
12 34
23 80
40 114
63 - 180

TABLE 3 : WATER CONTENT

Determination No.
Mass of container
Mass of container + wet soil
Mass of container + dry soil
Mass of wet soil
Mass of dry soil
Water contain

g
g
g
g
g
%

1
41.6
99.1
86.1
57.5
44.5
29.21

TABLE 4 : RESULT
Determination

1 (Undisturbed Soil)

2 ( Disturbed Soil)

Spring deflection, f (inner)

23.5

21.5

Vane Deflection (outer)

16

33

Torque, kf

0.0192

0.0376

Shear strength, S

0.0045 kN/m2

0.0088 kN/m2

Average shear strength: 0.00665 kN/m2

CALCULATION

1. Convert Kg cm to N.mm = Kg cm x 0.098

= N.mm
2.

k from Graph No.1

= 0.147 0.0 73.5

180 90
= 8.167 x 10-4

3. k from Graph No.2

= 0.294 0.1225
170 72
= 1.75 x 10-3

4. Mass of wet soil, Mw

= (mass of container + wet soil) (mass of container)

= 99.1 41.6
= 57.5 g

5. Mass of dry soil, Ms

= (mass of container + dry soil) (mass of container)

= 86.1 41.6
= 44.5 g

6. Mass of water

= mass of wet soil mass of dry soil

= 57.5 44.5
= 13 g

7. Water content, w

= mass of water x 100%

Ms
=

13

x 100%

44.5
=

29.21 %

8. The vane shears strength of the soil calculation.

S = kf kNm-2
4.29
Where
S

Vane shear strength in kN/m2

Torsional constant of the spring in Newton millimeters per degree

Spring deflection in degree

For determination:
a) S1 = (8.167 x 10-4) x 23.5
4.29
= 0.0045kN/m2

b) S2 = (1.75 x 10-3) x 21.5

4.29
= 0.0088 kN/m2

9. Average Shear Strength = 0.0045 + 0.0088

2
= 0.00665 kN/m2

10. Sensitivity = Vane shear strength of undisturbed soil

Vane shear strength of disturbed soil
= 0.0045
0.0088
= 0.51