BATUAN METAMORF

Batuan yg mengalami perubahan baik tekstur

maupun komposisi mineraloginya krn kenaikan
suhu dan / atau tekanan, terbentuk dlm fase
padat
Tekanan : misalnya tekanan hidrostattik atau
litostatik
Suhu : misalnya suhu intrusi magma

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Metamorphic Rocks

Metamorphic rocks are changed rocks

They are formed in the solid state in response to one
or more of the following agents of metamorphism:
Change in pressure
Change in temperature
Change in pressure and temperature

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JENIS METAMORFOSA

1. METAMORFOSA KONTAK/THERMAL
2. METAMORFOSA DINAMIK/KATAKLASTIK

3. METAMORFOSA REGIONAL

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Type of
Metamorphism

Geological
Occurrence

CONTACT
or
THERMAL

Adjacent to
igneous
rocks,and
particularly
near large
granite
intrusions

DYNAMIC

In intensely
crushed zones,
particularly
around large
thrust and
wrench faults

REGIONAL

Recrystallisation
Associated under a variety of
with orogenic
pressurebelts
temperature
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conditions

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Processes

Texture

Recrystallisation
and
metasomatism as
Predominantl
a result of rising
y granular
temperature and
textures
reaction with
invading fluids
and gases
Brecciation,
crushing and
shearing

Characteristic
Rocks

Spotted slate
Hornfels
Marble
Quartzite

Cataclastic
textures

Breccia
Mylonite

Mainly
strongly
foliated or
banded
textures

Slate
Phyllite
Schist
Gneiss4

TEKSTUR

Ada dua macam : 1. FOLIASI

2. NON FOLIASI
1. FOLIASI :
Ditunjukkan oleh adanya penjajaran mineral2
penyusun batuan metamorf.
Contoh : slaty cleavage, phyllitic, schistosity,
gneissic.
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 SLATY CLEAVAGE :
Jenis foliasi tetapi mineral-2nya berukuran halus
sekali, misal dlm mineral lempung.

PHYLITIC (FILITIK):
Mirip slaty cleavage, tetapi mineral dan
kesejajarannya sudah agak kasar

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 SCHISTOSITY (SKISTOSA ) :
Mineral-2 pipih dominan dibanding mineral-2
butiran
GNEISSIC (GNEISIK) :
Mineral-2 granular/butiran lebih dominan
dibanding mineral-2 pipih.

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2. NON FOLIASI :
Tdk memperlihatkan adanya penjajaran mineral-2
penyusun batuan metamorf.
Hornfelsik :
Dicirikan oleh butiran yg seragam. Misal pada
batulempung yg menjadi hornfels.
Granulous :
Hampir sama dgn hornfelsik, tetapi mempunyai
ukuran yg agak besar. Mineral-2nya bertekstur
interlocking/suture, misal pada marmer.

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 Kataklastik :
ruk
Disebabkan krn penghancuran terhadap batuan asal.
Misal pada breksi sesar.
Flaser :
Seperti kataklastik, batuan asal lensa yg tertanam pd
masa dasar limonit.
Augen :
Seperti flaser, hanya lensa-2nya t.d. butiran feldspar
dlm masa dasar yg lbh halus.
Liniasi :
Struktur yg diperlihatkan oleh kumpulan mineral
berbentuk jarum (fibreous).
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Rocks
How can you identify rocks megascopically?
Color: the first guide to differentiate minerals,
texture, and structure
Mineral composition: names (with brief
description) and percentage of individual
mineral
Texture: the relationship between the grains of
minerals forming a rock
Structure: the relationship between different
parts of a rock
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TEKSTUR
JENIS TEKSTUR :
Tekstur kristaloblastik :
Tekstur baru batuan metamorf yg mineral-2nya
menunjukkan hasil-2 kristalisasi yg baik, shg tekstur
batuan lama tdk kelihatan.
Tekstur sisa (palymsest) :
Tekstur sisa dr batuan asal masih dijumpai pd
batuan metamorf. Misal pd meta basalt, meta
gabro, meta sedimen.
Terbentuk krn proses metamorfosa
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Tekstur kristloblastik :

Nama tekstur diakhiri kata blastik.

Porfiroblastik :
Seperti tekstur pd batuan beku. Fenokris dlm
batuan metamorf disebut porfiroblast.
Granoblastik :
Butir-2 nya seragam.

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 Lepidoblastik :
Dicirikan oleh susunan mineral yg saling sejajar dan
terarah dgn bentuk mineral pipih (membidangnya
mineral pipih).
Nematoblastik :
Adanya mineral-2 prismatik yg sejajar dan terarah
(membidangnya mineral-2 prismatik).

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Tekstur sisa (palymsest)

Dipakai istilah blasto sbg awalan :

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Blastoporfiritik
Blastopsefit
Blastopsamit
Blastopelit, dll.

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Rocks Cycle

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