Basics of Information

Technology
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Chapter No.1
First Year Exercise Notes

Question No.4
What is difference between hardware and software?
Answer
The Difference between hardware and software is as follows:
Software
1. Software is a set of instructions that tells a
computer exactly what to do.
2. Software cannot be executed without hardware.

Hardware
1. Hardware is physical parts of computer that cause
processing of data.
2. Hardware cannot perform any task without
software.
3. Hardware can be seen and touched.
4. Hardware is repaired in case of problem.
5. Hardware is replaced if the problem is not solved.

3. Software cannot be touched.

4. Software is debugged in case of problem.
5. Software is reinstalled if the problem is not
solved.
Question No.5

What is Information Technology? Describe it in details?

Answer
Information Technology is the technology that uses computing with high-speed communication links to
spread information from one place to another. The intercommunication of computers enables people to send and
receive information. The communication links are also used to communicate with different people in the world.
The world has become a global village due to information technology. It means that people living in the
world know one another as if they are living in a village. It has become possible duo to fast communication
links. Information can be transferred from one place to another place easily and quickly.
Information plays an important role in every field of life. Information can be used to improve the
standard of life. It can also be used for solving different problems. For example, if a person has the latest
information about medical field, he can use this information to cure different diseases.
Information technology has enabled different types of institutions and organization to be a part of
digital convergence. The digital convergence means that various industries have merged electronically to
exchange information. This merging is very important in modern world. The information can be transfered in
any form like text, photos, audio and video etc.
Question No.6
What is E-commerce?
Answer
It is a process of performing business over the internet.
Or
E-commerce is the buying and selling of products and services over an electronic network particularly
internet.

Question No.7
What is the usage of an input device? List few of them.
Answer
It is used to enter data and instructions into a computer. Input devices take data and instructions from
the user and covert it in a form that is understandable by the computer. There are three general types of input
devices:

Keyboards
Pointing Devices
Source data-entry devices

Question No.8
Describe the enhanced Keyboard and it segment?
Answer
101-key enhanced keyboard has some additional kays between the main keypad and the numeric keys.
It also contains status light in upper-right corner.

i.

Esc Key
Esc key is used to terminate a command or current task.

ii.

Caps Lock Key

Caps Lock is a toggle key. The characters appear in uppercase if it is pressed. The characters
appear in lowercase if it not pressed. Numbers and symbols are not affected. The status light
under Caps Lock turns on when it is pressed.

iii.

Tab Key
Tab key is used to move the cursor to next tab stop.

iv.

Shift Key
Shift key is pressed in combination with other keys to produce upper case letters and the upper
symbols shown on certain keys

v.

Control Key
Control key is pressed in combination with other keys to execute commands. For example,
CTRL+O is used to open a file.

vi.

Alt Key
Alt Key is also used in combination with other keys to execute commands.

vii.

Backspace Key
Backspace key is used to delete single character on the left of the cursor.

viii.

Enter Key
Enter key is used to move the cursor to the beginning of the next line. It is normally used at
the end of a paragraph.

Question No.9